COLECTA Y CONSERVACIÓN in vitro Y ex situ DE RECURSOS FITOGENÉTICOS DE Carica papaya L.

Fruit buds from Creole papaya (Carica papaya L.) were collected in the center and south of the state of Baja California Sur, México, in the localities of El Pescadero, Ejido en Comondú Ley Federal de Aguas #2, La Paz, La Purísima, La Ribera, San Bartolo, San Javier, San Miguel de Comondú and Todos Santos, with the aim of conservation and multiplication. The buds were multiplied under aseptic conditions, in glass containers with 20 ml of Murashige-Skoog (MS) (1962) medium, with 3 % sucrose and 0.8 % agar for its in vitro cultivation. Treatments were used for the in vitro propagation and rooting of the buds; the results obtained show that 2 mg L-1 of naphthalene acetic acid increase the production of buds. The indole-butyric acid at a concentration of 3 uM generates the rooting of the buds, which once established develop quickly. Part of this material was transferred to greenhouse conditions for its acclimation and later planting into the field. Therefore, germplasm from Creole papaya seeds and plants is conserved in vitro and ex situ.Se recolectaron frutos brotes de papaya (Carica papaya L.) criolla en el centro y sur de Estado de Baja California Sur, México, en las localidades de El Pescadero, Ejido en Comondú Ley Federal de Aguas #2, La Paz, La Purísima, La Ribera, San Bartolo, San Javier, San Miguel de Comondú y Todos Santos, con el fin de conservación y multiplicación. Se multiplicaron los brotes en condiciones asépticas, en frascos de vidrio conteniendo 20 ml de medio Murashige-Skoog (MS) (1962) con 3% de sacarosa y 0.8% de agar para su cultivo in vitro. Se realizaron tratamientos para la propagación y enraizamiento in vitro de los brotes, los resultados obtenidos muestran que 2 mg L-1 de ácido naftalen acético incrementa la producción de brotes. El ácido indol butírico a concentraciones de 3 uM genera el enraizamiento de los brotes, los cuales una vez establecidos, se desarrollan rápidamente. Parte de este material fue transferido a condiciones de invernadero para su aclimatación y posterior siembra a campo. Por lo que actualmente se conserva germoplasma de semillas y plantas de papaya criolla in vitro y ex situ

Natural variability of essential oil and antioxidants in the medicinal plant Turnera diffusa

Objective: To evaluate differences in yield and composition of the essential oil and antioxidant contents in Turnera diffusa plants from localities in central region of Tamaulipas. Methods: Samples were collected in Tamaulipas, Mexico in the arid zone. Essential oil was obtained through steam distillation and analyzed using GC–MS. Polyphenol contents, antioxidant activities using ABTS and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) methods also were evaluate

Seed oil content and composition of Jatropha curcas (L.) and grafted Jatropha curcas (L.) on Jatropha cinerea (Ortega) Muell. Arg. rootstock

Jatropha curcas has been investigated for its high content of oil, its moderate salinity and drought tolerance, and Jatropha cinerea is a species that can withstand long drought periods and tolerate salinity up to 100 mM of NaCl. The aim of this study was to graft J. curcas plants on J. cinerea and grow them in experimental semiarid conditions, different soil and climate conditions from those of J. curcas native area to analyze their effects on oil seed composition and content. The survival of grafted J. curcas on J. cinerea rootstock was 95%. Seeds from grafted and non-grafted plants were analyzed to determine their oil content. The grafted plants showed greater height (150.7 cm) and oil content (51.3%) than the non-grafted plants (123.5 cm and 49.2%, respectively) without affecting their fatty acid composition. The meteorological information of the experimental plot (Baja California Sur, Mexico) showed values below those necessary for good phenological development; nonetheless, the graft improved its characteristics. Therefore, the use of grafted plants is an option for the establishment of J. curcas plantations in other parts of the world with different soil and climate conditions than those where they grow in the wild.Jatropha curcas has been investigated for its high content of oil, its moderate salinity and drought tolerance, and Jatropha cinerea is a species that can withstand long drought periods and tolerate salinity up to 100 mM of NaCl. The aim of this study was to graft J. curcas plants on J. cinerea and grow them in experimental semiarid conditions, different soil and climate conditions from those of J. curcas native area to analyze their effects on oil seed composition and content. The survival of grafted J. curcas on J. cinerea rootstock was 95%. Seeds from grafted and non-grafted plants were analyzed to determine their oil content. The grafted plants showed greater height (150.7 cm) and oil content (51.3%) than the non-grafted plants (123.5 cm and 49.2%, respectively) without affecting their fatty acid composition. The meteorological information of the experimental plot (Baja California Sur, Mexico) showed values below those necessary for good phenological development; nonetheless, the graft improved its characteristics. Therefore, the use of grafted plants is an option for the establishment of J. curcas plantations in other parts of the world with different soil and climate conditions than those where they grow in the wild

Análisis de redes sociales y cultura regional en la construcción de expectativas laborales de estudiantes de secundaria

We compare the working student’ support-networks versus students’ support-networks at La Ciénega de Chapala of Michoacán (México). Support-network is relevant factor for labor expectative construction. The applicability of social network analysis and regional culture information make possible a first interpretation for sector, gender, and locality. The very size of Sahuayo working students’ network not necessary to enrich their social relationships. There is differences of size working student’ support-networks of women and men. This result is consistent with the importance of women for the family transnational communication and with the major women access to labour market on the last decades. It’s important the absence of moral leaders.El artículo presenta diferencias entre las redes de apoyo de estudiantes de secundaria que estudian y trabajan y aquellos que sólo estudian, de la región Ciénega de Chapala del Estado de Michoacán (México). Consideramos las redes de apoyo como un factor importante en la construcción de expectativas laborales, que a su vez resultan críticas para este sector vulnerable cuyos índices de deserción escolar superan la media nacional. La aplicación del análisis de redes sociales y la interpretación de algunos indicadores con información de la cultura regional nos permiten comprender las redes de cada sector de estudiantes así como valorarlas según la localidad de residencia y el género. El mayor tamaño y densidad de la red de los estudiantes trabajadores de Sahuayo no está implicando necesariamente relaciones decalidad que promuevan alternativas de futuro. El tamaño de la red de apoyo se ve influido por el género, pues la red de mujeres que trabajan es de mayor tamaño que la red de hombres trabajadores. El indicador es congruente con la importancia de las mujeres en las redes de comunicación familiares transnacionales aunado a su mayor acceso al mercado laboral en las últimas décadas. Destaca la ausencia de líderes morales como actores clave

Propiedades fisicoquímicas del aceite de semillas de Jatropha curcas de poblaciones silvestres en México

The need for studying sources of renewable energy is important starting from potential oleaginous plants. Jatropha curcas seed is characterized by its high oil content. In Mexico studies are focused on evaluating the physicochemical properties of J. curcas oil in wild plants cultivated in the southern region. The objective of this study was to evaluate these properties in three ecotypes of wild J. curcas of Sinaloa and their oil application in biodiesel production. The oil content of the germ was found to be 52 to 56%. Viscosity, density, acidity index, peroxide, iodine, and refraction showed no significant differences in the seeds collected from the three ecotypes in our study. The most abundant saturated fatty acids were palmitic (4 to 6%) and stearic (3 to 4%). The most abundant unsaturated fatty acids were oleic (44 to 46%) and linoleic (42 to 44%). Physicochemical characteristics of J. curcas oil of Sinaloa specimens are similar to those of southern Mexico and other countries, which suggest that the germplasm of the northwestern part of the country could be considered for conservation, rational utilization, and biodiesel production.Existe la necesidad de estudiar fuentes renovables de energía a partir de plantas oleaginosas con este potencial. La semilla de Jatropha curca se caracteriza por su alto contenido de aceite. En México solo existen estudios enfocados en evaluar las propiedades fisicoquímicas del aceite de J. curcas silvestre y cultivada en la región sur. El objetivo de este trabajo, fue evaluar las propiedades fisicoquímicas del aceite de J. curcas silvestre en tres ecotipos del estado de Sinaloa (noroeste de México) y su aplicación en la elaboración de biodiesel. Los resultados obtenidos fueron que el contenido de aceite del germen fue de 52 a 56%. La viscosidad, densidad específica, índice de acidez, peróxido, yodo y refracción no mostraron diferencias significativas en las semillas colectadas en los tres ecotipos en estudio. Los ácidos grasos saturados más abundantes fueron el palmítico (4 a 6%) y esteárico (3 a 4%). Los ácidos grasos insaturados más abundantes fueron el oleico (44 a 46%) y linoleico (42 a 44%). Las características fisicoquímicas del aceite de J. curcas de Sinaloa son similares a las del sur de México y otros países, esto sugiere que el germoplasma del noroeste del país podría ser considerado para su conservación, aprovechamiento racional y producción de biodiesel

Certificados, acreditaciones y titulaciones en electromedicina sanitaria e ingeniería clínica

En los últimos años, se vienen produciendo diferentes acciones e iniciativas que pretenden regularizar y normalizar, en toda su extensión, un sector tan complejo y cambiante con el de la Tecnología Sanitaria. En este ámbito, la Escuela Politécnica de Cuenca a través de la Sociedad Española de Electromedicina e Ingeniería Clínica ha venido colaborando con diferentes administraciones públicas e instituciones privadas para intentar sentar las bases de un sistema formativo y de acreditación profesional integral que permita dotar de recursos humanos con las competencias y cualificaciones profesionales suficientes y adecuadas a las empresas y centros sanitarios de nuestro país. El presente trabajo analiza la situación del sector e introduce las novedades normativas más recientes, además de comparar nuestra situación con modelos referencia como puede ser el norteamericano, y describe las nuevas titulaciones universitarias en este ámbito

Salinity effects on protein content, lipid peroxidation, pigments, and proline in Paulownia imperialis (Siebold & Zuccarini) and Paulownia fortunei (Seemann & Hemsley) grown in vitro

We evaluated the effects of saline stress on soluble proteins, lipid peroxidation (TBAR), chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, β-carotene, violaxanthin, and proline in Paulownia imperialis and Paulownia fortunei plants grown in vitro. When the propagated plants reached a determined size, they were transferred aseptically to WPM culture medium containing different sodium chloride concentrations (0, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 160 mM) and were sampled at 15 and 30 days. Proline content was determined at 30 days after transfer only. Protein concentration significantly decreased with the highest salt levels in P. imperialis compared to controls in which no sodium chloride was added. In both P. imperialis and P. fortunei, lipid peroxidation significantly increased at 15 days but decreased at 30 days. Chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, β-carotene, and violaxanthin significantly decreased with exposure to higher sodium chloride concentrations at 15 and 30 days in both species. Proline content in P. imperialis significantly increased in plants grown in 20 and 40 mM of sodium chloride and decreased in higher sodium chloride concentrations. In P. fortunei, this measure significantly decreased proline content at all salt concentrations in plants exposed to all levels of sodium chloride compared to controls. Our results show that P. imperialis is more tolerant to salt stress at the salinity conditions tested