23 research outputs found

    Perfil epidemiológico de nascidos vivos com cardiopatia congênita nas regiões brasileiras

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    Aims: To conduct a descriptive epidemiological study of reported cases of live births with Congenital Heart Disease. Methodology: This is a descriptive epidemiological study in which the epidemiological profile of reported cases of live births with congenital heart disease in Brazil will be analyzed based on data collected from the Information System on Live Births (SINASC) from 2012 to 2021, available at the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS). In addition, a search was conducted on PUBMED and BVS using the keywords "Congenital heart disease, Live births, Regions, Brazil". Results: From 2012 to 2021, in Brazil, there were 28,789,402 live births, with children with congenital heart disease accounting for 0.000875% (n = 25,212). The Southeast region recorded the highest number of cases, with 67.8% (n = 17,112), while the North region had the lowest prevalence, with 3.08% (n = 777). In terms of delivery methods, 71% were cesarean section (n = 17,902), 28.87% were vaginal deliveries (n = 7,281), and 0.11% were unidentified (n = 29). It's important to note that among live births, 10.6% (n = 3,057,372) were premature, while 27.44% (n = 6,920) of live births with congenital heart disease were premature. Regarding gender, males were more prevalent at 52.09% (n = 13,134), females accounted for 47.35% (n = 11,939), and 0.55% were unidentified (n = 139). The age of the mother at the time of delivery that stood out was between 30 and 34 years, with 23.65% (n = 5,964) of cases. The prevalent race/ethnicity among children with congenital heart disease was white, at 51.71% (n = 13,039). Conclusion: There is a higher prevalence of live births with congenital heart diseases in the Southeast region, as well as a higher prevalence of males and individuals of white race/ethnicity. Prematurity was more common in children with congenital heart disease than in other live births, and the most prevalent age of mothers was between 30 and 34 years, with cesarean deliveries being predominant.Objetivo: Realizar estudo epidemiológico descritivo acerca dos casos notificados de nascidos vivos com Cardiopatia Congênita; Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico descritivo, no qual será analisado o perfil epidemiológico dos casos notificados de nascidos vivos com cardiopatia congênita no Brasil, a partir de dados coletados no Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos (SINASC), no período  de  2012  a  2021 disponível  no  Departamento  de  Informática  do  Sistema  Único  de  Saúde (DATASUS). Além de uma pesquisa realizada realizada por BVS e PUBMED através dos unitermos “Cardiopatia congênta, Nascidos Vivos, Regiões, Brasil”. Resultados: No período de 2012 a 2021, no Brasil, foram registrados 28.789.402 nascidos vivos, em que as crianças com CC corresponderam a 0,000875% (n = 25.212). A região Sudeste registrou o maior número de casos, com 67,8% (n = 17.112), enquanto a região Norte obteve a menor prevalência, com 3,08% (n = 777). Em relação aos tipos de partos, 71% cesária (n = 17.902), 28,87% vaginais (n = 7.281) e 0,11% não identificados (n = 29). É importante ressaltar que entre os nascidos vivos, 10,6% (n = 3.057.372) são prematuros, enquanto que 27, 44% (n=6.920) dos nascidos vivos com CC são prematuros. Considerando o sexo, houve prevalência do sexo masculino, sendo 52,09% (n = 13.134), 47,35% do sexo feminino (n = 11.939) e 0,55% não identificados (n = 139). A idade da progenitora no momento do parto que sobressaiu foi entre 30 e 34 anos, com 23,65% (n = 5.964) dos casos. A cor/raça prevalente entre as crianças com CC de maior prevalência foi a branca tendo 51,71% (n = 13.039). Conclusão: Há maior prevalência de nascidos vivos com cardiopatias congênitas na região Sudeste, bem como do sexo masculino e da cor/raça branca. A prematuridade mostrou-se maior nos cardiopatas do que nos restantes dos nascidos vivos, a idade da mãe mais prevalente foi entre 30 e 34 anos, em que o parto cesariano predominou

    Satisfação com a experiência acadêmica entre estudantes de medicina

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    The article aims to evaluate throughout the course the satisfaction with the academic experience among medical students of the Federal University of Maranhão. It is a cross-sectional and descriptive study, with a quantitative approach, carried out with 181 students, during the period from June 2018 to November 2018; through the application of two questionnaires: Scale of Satisfaction with Academic Experience (ESEA) and Social Demographic Questionnaire. As a result, the research responses indicated a satisfaction with the course of 3,53; development opportunity of 3,07 and, lastly; satisfaction with the institution of 3,09, revealing to the three dimensions that the students are neither dissatisfied nor satisfied with the academic experience. The survey indicates that 97.24% of the total number of students interviewed have no doubts about continuing in the course. The analysis of the results allowed to observe convergences with the literature, where students are neither dissatisfied nor satisfied, and in almost all the analyzed works, they present the dimension of opportunity of development with the lowest average. This result suggests a possibility of investing in these aspects to achieve a better student training experience.O artigo tem como objetivo avaliar, ao longo do curso, a satisfação com a experiência acadêmica entre estudantes de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Maranhão. Trata-se de um estudo transversal e descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa, realizado com 181 discentes, durante o período de junho de 2018 a novembro de 2018; por meio da aplicação de dois questionários: Escala de Satisfação com a Experiência Acadêmica (ESEA) e Questionário Sócio Demográfico. Como resultado, as respostas da pesquisa apontaram uma satisfação com o curso de 3,53; oportunidade de desenvolvimento de 3,07 e, por último; satisfação com a instituição de 3,09, revelando para as três dimensões que os alunos estão nem insatisfeitos/nem satisfeitos com a experiência acadêmica.  A pesquisa aponta que 97,24% do total de alunos entrevistados não têm dúvidas sobre continuar no curso.  A análise dos resultados permitiu observar convergências com a literatura, onde os estudantes se apresentam nem insatisfeitos/nem satisfeitos, e em quase totalidade dos trabalhos analisados, apresentam a dimensão oportunidade de desenvolvimento com a menor média. Esse resultado sugere uma possibilidade de investimento nestes aspectos para efetivar uma melhor experiência de formação dos estudantes

    Anatomia e tratamento do aneurisma aórtico: uma revisão de literatura

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    Esta revisão bibliográfica se propõe a discutir de forma detalhada sobre a anatomia e tratamento do aneurisma aórtico, enfatizando os avanços mais recentes e das discussões em curso na literatura especializada, contribuindo para uma compreensão integral das estratégias de diagnóstico e intervenção mais eficazes no tratamento dos aneurismas aórticos, através de uma metodologia de revisão bibliográfica narrativa. Desse modo, observa-se que a degeneração aterosclerótica é a principal causa patológica do aneurisma aórtico, agravada por fatores de risco como hipertensão, tabagismo, obesidade e predisposição genética, além disso as alterações na parede arterial, intensificadas por citocinas pró-inflamatórias e metaloproteinases, são fundamentais na evolução da doença, que pode variar em manifestação sintomática dependendo da localização do aneurisma, influenciando diretamente na escolha do tratamento, que varia de monitoramento a intervenções cirúrgicas como reparo endovascular e cirurgia aberta. O estudo conclui que a detecção precoce e uma abordagem de tratamento adaptada às características individuais do paciente são cruciais para prevenir complicações sérias, apontando para a necessidade de avanços em técnicas de diagnóstico e tratamento que permitam intervenções menos invasivas e mais eficazes, proporcionando melhor gestão dessa condição médica significativa

    Nascidos vivos com fenda palatina e labial: estudo epidemiológico

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    Introduction: Cleft lip and palate is a congenital malformation resulting from the inadequate fusion of bony structures during embryonic development. The etiology is multifactorial, involving genetic and environmental factors. Methodology: This study constitutes a descriptive epidemiological analysis focusing on the investigation of cases of live births with cleft lip and palate in Brazil. Data collection will be conducted through the Live Birth Information System (SINASC) during the period from 2017 to 2021. Results: The gender distribution of live births with cleft lip and palate indicates a male predominance in the sample, representing approximately 58.49% (n=4,390) of the total. Meanwhile, the percentage of female individuals is approximately 41.01% (n=3,078). The category "Unknown" has a very small representation, accounting for only 0.51% (n=38) of the sample. Conclusion: It is observed that live births with cleft lip and palate should not be overlooked. There is a significant number of cases each year, necessitating further related studies to provide solutions in society that directly benefit those affected.Introdução: A fenda labial e palatina é uma malformação congênita resultante da não fusão das estruturas ósseas adequadas durante o desenvolvimento embrionário. A etiologia é multifatorial, envolvendo fatores genéticos e ambientais. Metodologia: Este estudo constitui uma análise epidemiológica descritiva com enfoque na investigação dos casos de nascidos vivos com fenda labial e palatina no Brasil. A coleta de dados será realizada por meio do Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos (SINASC) durante o período de 2017 a 2021. Resultado: A distribuição de gênero dos nascidos vivos com fenda labial e palatina indica que há uma maioria masculina na amostra, representando cerca de 58,49%  (n= 4.390) do total. Enquanto isso, a porcentagem de pessoas do sexo feminino é de aproximadamente 41,01% (n = 3.078) A categoria "Ignorado" tem uma representação muito pequena, com apenas 0,51% (n = 38) da amostra. Conclusão: Observa-se que os nascidos vivos com fenda labial e palatina não devem ser negligenciados. Há uma quantidade significativa de nascidos por ano, sendo indispensável mais estudos relacionados, a fim de trazer soluções na sociedade que beneficiem diretamente os acometidos

    Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

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    Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

    Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

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    Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

    Get PDF
    Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

    Nursing Professional’s Working Load Given To The Elderly At The Intensive Unit Care

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    The natural aging process accelerate the appearance and the installation of diseases and symptoms characteristic of the age in which the physical and cognitive aspects are compromised progressively. Increasing the necessity of specialized cares and intensive accompaniment. This study aimed to evaluate through the Nursing Activities Score appliance, the nursing team’s working load, destined to elderly people assisted at intensive unit care and subsidize the personal sizing according to what advocate the legislation. It is about a descriptive and documental study of quantitative approach. It was used as data basis 50 patient records of elderly users admitted at a public intensive unit care from João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil. It was determined that 56% (28) of the elderly in his first hospitalization day at the Intensive Unit Care, required a nursing high working load while 44% (42) a nursing low working load. Through the sum of the Nursing Activities Score average score, we can achieve the total of hours at the nursing assistance necessaries to the elderly patient care during the hospitalization. The average scores obtained by the total score, corresponded to 59.2 ± 7.8, transforming in hours according to the conducted calculus, correspond to 14.47 hours of nursing assistance turned to the elderly people. It is waited that the results can contribute to quantify the expended assistance time and also evidence the real necessity of the people to ensure safe and quality assistance practices to the elderly people.  Descriptors: Workload. Nursing. Aged. Intensive Care Units
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