Designing the Business Model of Herbal Pharmaceutical Knowledge based Companies

Today, research has indicated Knowledge based companies as a potential area in promoting knowledge economy, and due to the substantial added-value they make in the knowledge economy of the countries, these companies play a pivotal role in producing national income. Considering the novelty of the field of designing business models for herbal pharmaceutical Knowledge based companies and the importance of these companies among Knowledge based companies on the one hand, and the lack of academic research on exploring these companies on the other hand, the need for a comprehensive business model to help understand the components of herbal pharmaceutical Knowledge based companies seems urgent. This study aimed at identifying and prioritizing the components of business models and also structuring a business model of herbal pharmaceutical Knowledge based companies around these components. The Friedman test was used to prioritize the importance of the components of Knowledge based companies' business models. The statements of the present study's questionnaire were collected from the literature and the experts' opinions, too. Out of the 130 distributed questionnaires, 119 were collected which were analyzed by employing the Cochran test of the SPSS Statistics software. The components of key activities with the mean ranking of 6.76, cost structure with 6.09, and key resources with 6.06 were the most important components and customer relationships with 5.67, value propositions with 5.45, key partnerships with 4.10, distribution channels with 4.04, customer segment with 3.60, and revenue streams with 3.24 were the least important ones. Research paper Keywords: Business model, Knowledge based companies, Herbs, Friedman’s test Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Asadnezhad, M., Hejazi, R., Akbari, M. & Hadizadeh, E. (2017). Designing the Business Model of Herbal Pharmaceutical Knowledge based Companies, Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, 5(2), 47–63

The Study of the Effects of Knowledge Management on Innovation and Organizational Performance: A Case Study in Small and Medium Enterprises in Qom

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of knowledge management oninnovation and organizational performance. The study was conducted by using descriptivemethod. The sample consisted of experts and managers of small and medium enterprisesin Qom province that were selected by using stratified random sampling method. 160questionnaires were distributed and 150 questionnaires were received and evaluated.  The survey questionnaire was used to gatherinformation. Cronbach's alpha was used to assess reliability. The results showthat knowledge management has a positive and significant impact on innovation andfirm performance of Qom province

Administrative and Economic Systems of the Mughal Empire: A Historical Analysis of Governance and Revenue Policies

The Mughal Dynasty commenced in 1526, led by the esteemed Babur, who is renowned as the pioneer and founder of Indian civilization through the process of unification. Due to its vast territorial reach from Kabul to Bengal, with natural boundaries such as the Arabian Sea and Himalayas, this dynasty was able to establish sophisticated formal institutions that surpassed those of other empires worldwide at that time. This study examines the complex governance system of The Mughal Empire, with a focus on the reigns of Babur, Humayun, Akbar, and Aurangzeb. Abul-Fazl Ibn Mubarak, a prominent historian during Akbar's reign, elucidated the Mughals' adoption of the dual strategies of 'JahanBani' (state maintenance) and 'Jahangiri' (imperial expansion). The article also examines Akbar's reforms in land revenue systems, which aimed to provide uniformity and economic stability in order to sustain the Empire's prosperity. The inclusion of women in the Mughal court is examined to highlight their cultural, political, and social achievements. This examination thoroughly explores the functioning of the Mughal administration and how it effectively maintained the empire's supremacy

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON HEAVE AND PITCH MOTION CHARACTERISTICS OF A WAVE-PIERCING TRIMARAN

Dynamic behaviour of a trimaran vessel is investigated in this study. The body of the trimaran is composed of a centre hull with a quite slender wave piercing bow profile (a length-to-width ratio of 12.96) and two outriggers with Wigley mathematical body forms. Several seakeeping tests are conducted on the model of the trimaran vessel in a towing tank in order to study its heave and pitch motions at different Froude numbers of 0.2, 0.37, and 0.51. Generated waves in the towing tank are of regular type with the wave length changing from 0.6 m to 2.4 m by an increment of 0.3 m. Amplitude of the waves is equal to either 25 mm or 35 mm. A resonance peak can be detected on the curve of the heave response amplitude operator (RAO) versus nondimensional wave length of around 1.0. Increasing the Froude number leads to rapidly descending post-resonance-peak regions of the heave RAO-nondimensional wave frequency diagrams. Changes in the value of the pitch RAO versus nondimensional wave lengths of less than 0.8 are not so sensitive to the changes in the values of Froude number and wave amplitude. Also, for the values greater than 2.5 to 2.8 of the nondimensional wave frequency, the pitch RAO does not experience any significant changes as a result of variations in the Froude number or wave amplitude

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON HEAVE AND PITCH MOTION CHARACTERISTICS OF A WAVE-PIERCING TRIMARAN

Dynamic behaviour of a trimaran vessel is investigated in this study. The body of the trimaran is composed of a centre hull with a quite slender wave piercing bow profile (a length-to-width ratio of 12.96) and two outriggers with Wigley mathematical body forms. Several seakeeping tests are conducted on the model of the trimaran vessel in a towing tank in order to study its heave and pitch motions at different Froude numbers of 0.2, 0.37, and 0.51. Generated waves in the towing tank are of regular type with the wave length changing from 0.6 m to 2.4 m by an increment of 0.3 m. Amplitude of the waves is equal to either 25 mm or 35 mm. A resonance peak can be detected on the curve of the heave response amplitude operator (RAO) versus nondimensional wave length of around 1.0. Increasing the Froude number leads to rapidly descending post-resonance-peak regions of the heave RAO-nondimensional wave frequency diagrams. Changes in the value of the pitch RAO versus nondimensional wave lengths of less than 0.8 are not so sensitive to the changes in the values of Froude number and wave amplitude. Also, for the values greater than 2.5 to 2.8 of the nondimensional wave frequency, the pitch RAO does not experience any significant changes as a result of variations in the Froude number or wave amplitude

The Consideration of Response Modification Factor of L-Shaped Structures by Using Adaptive Pushover Analysis Method and Comparison with Traditional Pushover Method

In the most of regulations, reduction factor of seismic force depends only on the kind of lateral loading system, but research has shown that this factor is a function of many factors such as period and modal characteristics of the structure, the height and especially form of plan in the building. Due to the complexity of nonlinear dynamic analysis method, today, nonlinear static analysis method called pushover, as a practical appropriate tool has developed in field of earthquake engineering based on function frequently. But traditional pushover analysis method have defects that can be noted Including the stability of lateral load pattern form, did not consider the impact of higher modes or impact of more efficient modes and lack of consideration of the stiffness matrix of member or the entire of structure changes in step of analysis. In recent years a number of researchers have proposed using adaptive load pattern, in this methods, lateral load pattern have changed and adapting in during analysis based on momentary stiffness matrix of structures. In this paper we investigate the response modification factor in L-shaped geometric asymmetry by using SAP software, Pushover analysis used in this study is divided into two categories pushover with constant load pattern (traditional method) and pushover with the adaptive load pattern (adaptive). So, it is studied building with L-shaped asymmetrical plan, with moment frame double structural system - bracing and number of floors 5, 10, 15 and 20, with four different bracing plan types at considering frames, and the end were compared obtained response modification factor from the two methods for these buildings

Introducing teacher action research to language teachers: a new movement in language pedagogy

The main premise of this paper is to highlight the significance of teacher action research in language pedagogy as a tool for English teachers to ameliorate their teaching process. This study seeks to investigate two distinct objectives. First it aims to introduce three types of professional actions in teacher action research (TAR) to a group of English language teachers during pre-service and in-service TAR course program and learn its contributions to their professional development. Secondly, it aims at assessing and evaluating teachers' self-reported changes in knowledge and attitudes towards TAR through a retrospective pre-test. As for the second aim of the study, the researchers also seek to discover possible relationship(s) between variables such as teachers' level of education, their teaching experience, knowledge and attitudes towards TAR (both after and before being familiar with its concept and practice)

Designing the Business Model of Herbal Pharmaceutical Knowledge based Companies

Today, research has indicated Knowledge based companies as a potential area in promoting knowledge economy, and due to the substantial added-value they make in the knowledge economy of the countries, these companies play a pivotal role in producing national income. Considering the novelty of the field of designing business models for herbal pharmaceutical Knowledge based companies and the importance of these companies among Knowledge based companies on the one hand, and the lack of academic research on exploring these companies on the other hand, the need for a comprehensive business model to help understand the components of herbal pharmaceutical Knowledge based companies seems urgent. This study aimed at identifying and prioritizing the components of business models and also structuring a business model of herbal pharmaceutical Knowledge based companies around these components. The Friedman test was used to prioritize the importance of the components of Knowledge based companies' business models. The statements of the present study's questionnaire were collected from the literature and the experts' opinions, too. Out of the 130 distributed questionnaires, 119 were collected which were analyzed by employing the Cochran test of the SPSS Statistics software. The components of key activities with the mean ranking of 6.76, cost structure with 6.09, and key resources with 6.06 were the most important components and customer relationships with 5.67, value propositions with 5.45, key partnerships with 4.10, distribution channels with 4.04, customer segment with 3.60, and revenue streams with 3.24 were the least important ones. Research paper Keywords: Business model, Knowledge based companies, Herbs, Friedman’s test Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Asadnezhad, M., Hejazi, R., Akbari, M. & Hadizadeh, E. (2017). Designing the Business Model of Herbal Pharmaceutical Knowledge based Companies, Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, 5(2), 47–63

Light at Night Exposure Effects Differentiation and Cell Cycle in Rat Liver with Autonomic Nervous System Denervation

Introduction: Exposure to the artificial light at night (LAN) effect human health and causes several functional modification in body. Obesity, diabetes, and hormonal changes are reported after LAN in humans. Aim of this study is highlighting critical features of gene expression changes in liver of rats which are received autonomic nervous system.Methods: Liver gene expression profiles of 5 male Wistar rats that were received a sympathetic plus parasympathetic hepatic denervation and 1 hour expose light at night (LAN) from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) are compared with controls. The significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) are screened by protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis STRING database (an application of Cytoscape software). CuleGO and CleuDedia the two applications of Cytoscape software were used for more analysis. Results: Among 250 DEGs, 173 genes characterized genes with fold change more than 2 plus 100 added relevant genes were included in the PPI network. Analysis of the main connected component (MCC) led to introduce 15 hubs and 15 bottlenecks. CCT2, COPS7A, KAT2A, and ERCC1were determined as hub-bottlenecks. Among hubs and bottlenecks, DHX15, KAT2A, CCT2, HSP90AB1, CCNE1, DHX16, LSM2, WEE1, CWC27, BAZ1B, RAB22A, DNM2, and DHX30 were linked to the each other’s by various kinds of actions. CCT2 and KAT2A, the two hub-bottlenecks are included in the interacted genes in the action map. Four classes of biological terms including negative regulation of non-motile cilium assembly, negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta activation, alpha-tubulin acetylation, and histamine-induced gastric acid secration were identified as the critical involved biochemical pathways and biological processes.Conclusion: Several essential functions as like differentiation, cell cycle, ribosome assembly, and splicing are affected by LAN in rat liver with autonomic nervous system denervation.