Utilitarianism or Welfarism: Does it Make a Difference?

We show that it is possible to reconcile the utilitarian and welfarist principles under the\r\nrequirement of unanimity provided that the set of profiles over which the consensus is\r\nattained is rich enough. More precisely, we identify a closedness condition which, if satisfied\r\nby a class of n-tuples of utility functions, guarantees that the rankings of social states\r\ninduced by utilitarian and welfarist unanimities over that class are identical. We illustrate the\r\nimportance of the result for the measurement of unidimensional as well as multidimensional\r\ninequalities from a dominance point of viewUnanimity, Utilitarianism, Welfarism, Stochastic Dominance

Measurement of ϒ production in pp collisions at √s = 2.76 TeV

The production of ϒ(1S), ϒ(2S) and ϒ(3S) mesons decaying into the dimuon final state is studied with the LHCb detector using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.3 pb−1 collected in proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of √s = 2.76 TeV. The differential production cross-sections times dimuon branching fractions are measured as functions of the ϒ transverse momentum and rapidity, over the ranges pT < 15 GeV/c and 2.0 < y < 4.5. The total cross-sections in this kinematic region, assuming unpolarised production, are measured to be σ (pp → ϒ(1S)X) × B ϒ(1S)→μ+μ− = 1.111 ± 0.043 ± 0.044 nb, σ (pp → ϒ(2S)X) × B ϒ(2S)→μ+μ− = 0.264 ± 0.023 ± 0.011 nb, σ (pp → ϒ(3S)X) × B ϒ(3S)→μ+μ− = 0.159 ± 0.020 ± 0.007 nb, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic

Identities – a historical look at online memory and identity issues

Since the 1990s, profound changes linked to the globalization of both eco-nomic activities and information, as well as increased individual mobility have givenrise to questions about national identities. This has occurred to such an extent that na-tional“identity crises”have emerged, which collectively have become an importantpolitical issue. The Internet has become an active tool in these debates, contributing toincreasing the circulationof knowledge, while at the same time disseminating new in-terpretations of past events on which the construction of collective and individual iden-tities is based. Thus, since the 1990s, online content related to the past has become anewly documented subject matter for a cultural history of memory based on web sour-ces with regard to identity creation. In this article, the web will be perceived as an ob-ject of study, used to analyze what relationship the past has to the construction ofidentities. By considering the web and its archives as a deposit for born-digital sourcesfor the history of the 1990s to the present day, this chapter proposes to present somehistoriographical research fields concerning identity creation. We will thus examine towhat extent the web and its archives constitute the sources that can open up avenuesof research concerning the history of identity creation

Materials for Pupillary Responses to Words That Convey a Sense of Brightness or Darkness

Experimental resources for the study "Semantic Pupil" ===================================================== Copyright 2015-2017 Sebastiaan Mathôt, Kristof Strijkers, JonathanGrainger - [email protected] http://www.cogsci.nl/smathot Table of contents================= - About this repository- Running the experiments- Participant data- Running the analysis- License About this repository===================== This repository contains materials to accompany the following manuscript: Mathôt, S., Strijkers, K., & Grainger, J. (in press). Pupillary responses to words that convey a sense of brightness or darkness.*Psychological Science*. Running the experiments======================= The experiments are placed in the `experiments` subfolder. All experiments were conducted with[OpenSesame](http://osdoc.cogsci.nl/), but not all with the same version. - visual experiment: 2.9.6 (with EyeLink plugins, which need to be installed separately)- ratings experiment: 3.0.0- auditory experiment: 3.1.0- valence-control experiment: 3.1.3 Participant data================ Eye-tracking data----------------- The eye-tracking data for each experiment is located in`analysis/edf/[experiment name]`. This in `.edf` format, which is the format used by the EyeLink eye tracker. To run the analysis as described below, the `.edf` files need to be converted to `.asc` files using the `edf2asc` utility that can be downloaded for free from the SR Research forum (registration required) The `.asc` files then need to be placed in a folder called`analysis/data-pupil-asc/[experiment name]`. This folder needs to be created. Ratings data------------ The ratings data is located in `analysis/data-ratings`. This in standard comma-separated values (`.csv`) format. Running the analysis==================== Before analyzing the data, the eye-tracking data needs to be converted as described above. Analysis scripts and participant data are placed in the `analysis`subfolder. IPython notebook---------------- For a quick example of how the analysis works, see this IPython notebook: - [analysis/basic-analysis.ipynb](analysis/basic-analysis.ipynb) Full analysis pathway--------------------- The analysis requires the standard numpy/ scipy stack, and[DataMatrix](https://github.com/smathot/python-datamatrix) and[EyelinkParser](https://github.com/smathot/python-eyelinkparser). First, parse the ratings data by running: python3 analyze-ratings.py This will create a file called `ratings.csv`, which is used for the main analyses. Next, run the full analysis for the visual experiment: python3 analyze-pupil.py --auditory @full And for the auditory experiment: python3 analyze-pupil.py --visual @full And for the control experiment: python3 analyze-pupil.py --control @annotated_valence_plot Various other analyses can be performed as well. The logic is that you can execute a function in one of the analysis modules by passing`@[function name]` as argument. During the analysis, cache files are created. To start from scratch,pass the `--clear-cache` argument. Notes: - *térébrant* was misspelled and therefore removed from the analysis.- *pénombre* occurred twice in the stimulus list of the pupillometry experiment. License======= - Analysis and experimental code are released under a [GNU General Public License 3](https://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html).- Data and text are released under a [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Note: This is a frozen snapshot of the following GitHub repository: - https://github.com/smathot/semantic_pupi

Replication data for: HIV/AIDS and Development: A Reappraisal of the Productivity and Factor Accumulation Effects

We build an economico-epidemiological Solow-Swan model. Mortality and morbidity effects on effective labor are taken into account. A Ben-Porath-like mechanism affects the dynamics of the saving rate and reduces labor productivity. Based on optimal projections of the demographic and economic South African series on the period 2000-2050, we identify a delayed effect of HIV/AIDS on economic growth: the growth rate gap between the AIDS and no-AIDS scenarios is rather stable between 2010 and 2020, but then it increases sharply between 2020 and 2030, keeps increasing at a much lower pace between 2030 and 2040, and finally stabilizes after 2040. The fall in active population is the main factor behind AIDS impact on economic growth during the decade 2020-2030 while the Ben-Porath mechanism on labor productivity is more relevant in the last decade. Physical capital accumulation plays a minor role