239 research outputs found
How Much of the Web Is Archived?
Although the Internet Archive's Wayback Machine is the largest and most
well-known web archive, there have been a number of public web archives that
have emerged in the last several years. With varying resources, audiences and
collection development policies, these archives have varying levels of overlap
with each other. While individual archives can be measured in terms of number
of URIs, number of copies per URI, and intersection with other archives, to
date there has been no answer to the question "How much of the Web is
archived?" We study the question by approximating the Web using sample URIs
from DMOZ, Delicious, Bitly, and search engine indexes; and, counting the
number of copies of the sample URIs exist in various public web archives. Each
sample set provides its own bias. The results from our sample sets indicate
that range from 35%-90% of the Web has at least one archived copy, 17%-49% has
between 2-5 copies, 1%-8% has 6-10 copies, and 8%-63% has more than 10 copies
in public web archives. The number of URI copies varies as a function of time,
but no more than 31.3% of URIs are archived more than once per month.Comment: This is the long version of the short paper by the same title
published at JCDL'11. 10 pages, 5 figures, 7 tables. Version 2 includes minor
typographical correction
Evaluating the Temporal Coherence of Archived Pages
PDF of a powerpoint presentation from the International Internet Preservation Consortium (IIPC) 2015 Conference at Stanford University, April 28, 2015. Also available on Slideshare.https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/computerscience_presentations/1004/thumbnail.jp
Assessing the Quality of Web Archives
PDF of a powerpoint presentation from the 2014 Digital Preservation Meeting, Washington D. C., July 22-23, 2014. Also available from Slideshare.https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/computerscience_presentations/1010/thumbnail.jp
Who Will Archive the Archives? Thoughts About the Future of Web Archiving
PDF of a powerpoint presentation from the Wolfram Data Summit 2013 in Washington D.C., September 5-6, 2013. Also available on Slideshare.https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/computerscience_presentations/1017/thumbnail.jp
A Youth Compendium of Physical Activities: Activity Codes and Metabolic Intensities
A Youth Compendium of Physical Activities (Youth Compendium) was developed to estimate the energy costs of physical activities using data on youth only
Radio continuum observations of Class I protostellar disks in Taurus: constraining the greybody tail at centimetre wavelengths
We present deep 1.8 cm (16 GHz) radio continuum imaging of seven young
stellar objects in the Taurus molecular cloud. These objects have previously
been extensively studied in the sub-mm to NIR range and their SEDs modelled to
provide reliable physical and geometrical parametres.We use this new data to
constrain the properties of the long-wavelength tail of the greybody spectrum,
which is expected to be dominated by emission from large dust grains in the
protostellar disk. We find spectra consistent with the opacity indices expected
for such a population, with an average opacity index of beta = 0.26+/-0.22
indicating grain growth within the disks. We use spectra fitted jointly to
radio and sub-mm data to separate the contributions from thermal dust and radio
emission at 1.8 cm and derive disk masses directly from the cm-wave dust
contribution. We find that disk masses derived from these flux densities under
assumptions consistent with the literature are systematically higher than those
calculated from sub-mm data, and meet the criteria for giant planet formation
in a number of cases.Comment: submitted MNRA
Depicting the tree of life in museums: guiding principles from psychological research
The Tree of Life is revolutionizing our understanding of life on Earth, and, accordingly, evolutionary trees are increasingly important parts of exhibits on biodiversity and evolution. The authors argue that in using these trees to effectively communicate evolutionary principles, museums need to take into account research results from cognitive, developmental, and educational psychology while maintaining a focus on visitor engagement and enjoyment. Six guiding principles for depicting evolutionary trees in museum exhibits distilled from this research literature were used to evaluate five current or recent museum trees. One of the trees was then redesigned in light of the research while preserving the exhibitâs original learning goals. By attending both to traditional factors that influence museum exhibit design and to psychological research on how people understand diagrams in general and Tree of Life graphics in particular, museums can play a key role in fostering 21st century scientific literacy
Long-term efficacy of botulinum toxin A for treatment of blepharospasm,hemifacial spasm, and spastic entropion: a multicentre study using two drug-dose escalation indexes
PURPOSE: To investigate the long-term effectiveness and safety of botulinum
neurotoxin A (BoNT-A) treatment in patients with blepharospasm (BEB), hemifacial
spasm (HFS), and entropion (EN) and to use for the first time two modified indexes, 'botulin toxin escalation index-U' (BEI-U) and 'botulin toxin escalation
index percentage' (BEI-%), in the dose-escalation evaluation. METHODS: All
patients in this multicentre study were followed for at least 10 years and main
outcomes were clinical efficacy, duration of relief, BEI-U and BEI-%, and
frequency of adverse events. RESULTS: BEB, HFS, and EN patients received a mean
BoNT-A dose with a significant inter-group difference (P<0.0005, respectively).
The mean (+/-SD) effect duration was statistically different (P=0.009) among
three patient groups. Regarding the BoNT-A escalation indexes, the mean (+/-SD)
values of BEI-U and BEI-% were statistically different (P=0.035 and 0.047,
respectively) among the three groups. In BEB patients, the BEI-% was
significantly increased in younger compared with older patients (P=0.008). The
most frequent adverse events were upper lid ptosis, diplopia, ecchymosis, and
localized bruising. CONCLUSIONS: This long-term multicentre study supports a high
efficacy and good safety profile of BoNT-A for treatment of BEB, HFS, and EN. The
BEI indexes indicate a significantly greater BoNT-A-dose escalation for BEB
patients compared with HFS or EN patients and a significantly greater BEI-% in
younger vsolder BEB patients. These results confirm a greater efficacy in the
elderly and provide a framework for long-term studies with a more flexible and
reliable evaluation of drug-dose escalation
Task-related oxygen uptake and symptoms during activities of daily life in CHF patients and healthy subjects
Patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) have a significantly lower peak aerobic capacity compared to healthy subjects, and, may therefore experience more inconvenience during the performance of domestic activities of daily life (ADLs). To date, the extent to which task-related oxygen uptake, heart rate, ventilation and symptoms during the performance of ADLs in CHF patients is different than in healthy subjects remains uncertain. General demographics, pulmonary function, body composition and peak aerobic capacity were assessed in 23 CHF outpatients and 20 healthy peers. In addition, the metabolic requirement of five simple self-paced domestic ADLs was assessed using a mobile oxycon. Task-related oxygen uptake (ml/min) was similar or lower in CHF patients compared to healthy subjects. In contrast, patients with CHF performing ADLs consumed oxygen at a higher proportion of their peak aerobic capacity than healthy subjects (p < 0.05). For example, getting dressed resulted in a mean task-related oxygen uptake of 49% of peak aerobic capacity, while sweeping the floor resulted in a mean task-related oxygen uptake of 52% of peak aerobic capacity, accompanied by significantly higher Borg symptom scores for dyspnea and fatigue (p < 0.05). Patients with CHF experience use a higher proportion of their peak aerobic capacity, peak ventilation and peak heart rate during the performance of simple self-paced domestic ADL than their healthy peers. These findings represent a necessary step in improving our understanding of improving what troubles patients the mostânot being able to do the things that they could when they were healthy
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