Influence of Socio-Economic Status on Psychopathology in Ecuadorian Children

The socioeconomic status (SES) of parents has been reported to have a crucial impact on emotional competence in childhood. However, studies have largely been carried out in developed countries and in children in a specific age range, and it is not clear whether the effect of the SES of parents varies by age. The objective of this study was to investigate the psychopathological profile (including externalizing and internalizing problems) of children aged 7, 9, and 11 years old with low SES in a developing country (Ecuador). The study included 274 children (139 boys and 135 girls), who were divided between medium-SES (n = 133) and low-SES (n = 141) groups. Data were gathered on socioeconomic and anthropometric variables of the children, and the parents completed the Child Behavior Check-List (CBCL). In comparison to the medium-SES group, children in the low-SES group obtained higher scores for internalizing and externalizing symptoms and for total problems, and they obtained lower scores for social competence skills. The housing risk index and school competence were the two main predictors of internalizing and externalizing problems in this population.This study was supported by the Spanish Agency for International Development Cooperation (AECID) [A3/042954/11] (PI: FC-Q) and Conselleria d'Educació, Investigació, Cultura I Esport de la Generalitat Valenciana (R+D+i projects developed by emerging research groups) [GV/2017/166] (PI: MF-A)

Differences in Neuropsychological Performance between Refugee and Non-Refugee Children in Palestine

Neuropsychological studies on refugee children are scarce, but there are even less in the case of Palestinian children. This work aims to study the neuropsychological performance of Palestinian refugee children in Palestine compared to other Palestinian children living outside refugee camps. A comprehensive Neuropsychological battery was administrated to 584 Palestinian school children (464 refugees and 120 non-refugees) aged 6, 7, and 8 years old. Results showed that non-refugee children outperformed refugee children in sustained attention, verbal comprehension, verbal memory, and visual memory. This study is the first to have performed a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment, based on a standardized and validated battery with the Palestinian refugee children. It supports professionals in their evaluation of neurodevelopment and neuropsychological alterations in refugee and non-refugee children in Palestine.Center for Development Cooperation Initiatives (Centro de Iniciativas de Cooperación al Desarrollo—CICODE), Granada University, Spain (Reference No. C14P11_9359

Tratamiento quirúrgico de rinofima. Presentación de dos casos

El rinofima es una enfermedad de la piel de la nariz, consistente en una hipertrofia de las glándulas sebáceas locales que conlleva a una deformación característica. Se presenta con hipertrofia de la piel, inflamación crónica, aumento del tejido vascular, con múltiples telangiectasias y comedones, todo lo cual ocasiona una punta de la nariz deformada. Afecta con más frecuencia al sexo masculino y puede llegar a malignizarse. Se presentan dos pacientes afectados por rinofima, que fueron atendidos en el Servicio de Cirugía Maxilofacial del Hospital Universitario Dr. Gustavo Aldereguía Lima de Cienfuegos. Se describe la técnica quirúrgica empleada en ambos casos. Se trata de una enfermedad rara, por lo que se considera de interés su estudio y divulgación.</p

Anthropogenic and natural CO2 exchange through the Strait of Gibraltar

The exchange of both anthropogenic and natural inorganic carbon between the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea through Strait of Gibraltar was studied for a period of two years under the frame of the CARBOOCEAN project. A comprehensive sampling program was conducted, which was design to collect samples at eight fixed stations located in the Strait in successive cruises periodically distributed through the year in order to ensure a good spatial and temporal coverage. As a result of this monitoring, time series namely GIFT (GIbraltar Fixed Time series) has been established, allowing the generation of an extensive data set of the carbon system parameters in the area. Data acquired during the development of nine campaigns were analyzed in this work. Total inorganic carbon concentration (CT ) was calculated from alkalinity-pHT pairs and appropriate thermodynamic relationships, with the concentration of anthropogenic carbon (CANT) being also computed using two methods, the 1C* and the TrOCA approach. Applying a two-layer model of water mass exchange through the Strait and using a value of −0.85 Sv for the average transport of the outflowing Mediterranean water recorded in situ during the considered period, a net export of inorganic carbon from the Mediterranean Sea to the Atlantic was obtained, which amounted to 25±0.6 TgC yr−1. A net alkalinity output of 16±0.6 TgC yr−1 was also observed to occur through the Strait. In contrast, the Atlantic water was found to contain a higher concentration of anthropogenic carbon than the Mediterranean water, resulting in a net flux of CANT towards the Mediterranean basin of 4.20±0.04 TgC yr−1 by using the 1C* method, which constituted the most adequate approach for this environment. A carbon balance in the Mediterranean was assessed and fluxes through the Strait are discussed in relation to the highly diverse estimates available in the literature for the area and the different approaches considered for CANT estimation. This work unequivocally confirms the relevant role of the Strait of Gibraltar as a controlling point for the biogeochemical exchanges occurring between the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean and emphasizes the influence of the Mediterranean basin in the carbon inventories of the North Atlantic.Peer reviewe

Necesidad de tratamiento ortodóncico en escolares. Aplicación del índice de prioridad de tratamiento de Shaw

Fundamento: considerando la importancia de los trastornos de la oclusión desde el punto de vista de la salud del aparato estomatognático, es necesario definir con claridad los aspectos que conduzcan al logro de una oclusión dentaria funcional y estable. Objetivo: determinar la presencia de maloclusiones en la población objeto de estudio para establecer prioridades de tratamiento de los pacientes afectados.Métodos: investigación descriptiva, correlacional realizada en niños de cinco a once años de la escuela Antonio Maceo Grajales, del Área II del municipio de Cienfuegos, en el período comprendido entre junio del 2010 – julio 2011. El universo estuvo constituido por 702 educandos del que se seleccionó una muestra probabilística estratificada de 210 escolares. Se les realizó examen clínico en dicha institución, se revisó la oclusión y se recogieron los datos en encuestas confeccionadas al efecto; a partir de estos se estableció un orden de prioridad para el tratamiento de las maloclusiones. Se determinó la percepción que tienen los niños encuestados acerca de sus anomalías empleando un patrón comparativo.Resultados: la frecuencia de maloclusión fue de 53,8 % con un predominio del sexo masculino. Las anomalías dentomaxilofaciales más frecuentes fueron: resalte aumentado, cierre bilabial anormal y el sobrepase aumentado. Al aplicar el índice Shaw se determinó que solo 53 pacientes pueden ser atendidos en el nivel primario.Conclusiones: la aplicación del índice Shaw brindó información útil para establecer la prioridad de tratamiento y comparar la percepción que tienen los niños sobre su maloclusión con las necesidades reales de tratamiento.</p

Amphiphilic peptide-tagged N-cadherin forms radial glial-like fibers that enhance neuronal migration in injured brain and promote sensorimotor recovery

The mammalian brain has very limited ability to regenerate lost neurons and recover function after injury. Promoting the migration of young neurons (neuroblasts) derived from endogenous neural stem cells using biomaterials is a new and promising approach to aid recovery of the brain after injury. However, the delivery of sufficient neuroblasts to distant injured sites is a major challenge because of the limited number of scaffold cells that are available to guide neuroblast migration. To address this issue, we have developed an amphiphilic peptide [(RADA)3-(RADG)] (mRADA)-tagged N-cadherin extracellular domain (Ncad-mRADA), which can remain in mRADA hydrogels and be injected into deep brain tissue to facilitate neuroblast migration. Migrating neuroblasts directly contacted the fiber-like Ncad-mRADA hydrogel and efficiently migrated toward an injured site in the striatum, a deep brain area. Furthermore, application of Ncad-mRADA to neonatal cortical brain injury efficiently promoted neuronal regeneration and functional recovery. These results demonstrate that self- assembling Ncad-mRADA peptides mimic both the function and structure of endogenous scaffold cells and provide a novel strategy for regenerative therapy

Lipase production by solid-state fermentation of olive pomace in tray-type and pressurized bioreactors

Background: Bioreactor type, sterilization and specific operational conditions are key factors for the scale-up of solid-state fermentation (SSF). This work deals with the lipase production by SSF of olive pomace (OP) at a traditional tray-type and pressurized bioreactors. Important aspects for SSF at bioreactors were studied, such as the need of sterilization and moisture content (MC) control. RESULTS At larger scale, there was no significant difference in lipase production between sterilized and unsterilized substrates, but MC control had significant impact. The production of lipase in a pressurized bioreactor, under air absolute pressure of 200 kPa and 400 kPa, was two-fold higher than in tray-type bioreactor using the same amount of substrate (500 g) and the same bed height. The protein content of substrate increased from 10 to 18% (w/w) after SSF and the fermented solid presented an antioxidant activity of 10 mmol Trolox kg-1. CONCLUSIONS SSF in pressurized bioreactor allowed to efficiently produce lipase with higher substrate bed height in contrast to that in tray-type bioreactor. The improvement of nutritional value of substrate by SSF indicates its potential applicability in animal feed.Felisbela Oliveira acknowledges the financial support from the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) through grant SFRH/BD/87953/2012. José Manuel Salgado was supported by grant CEB/N2020 – INV/01/2016 from Project “BIOTECNORTE - Underpinning Biotechnology to foster the north of Portugal bioeconomy” (NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000004). This study was supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) under the scope of the strategic funding of UID/BIO/04469/2013 unit and COMPETE 2020 (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-006684) and BioTec-Norte operation (NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000004) funded by the European Regional Development Fund under the scope of Norte2020 ProgramaOperacionalRegionaldoNorte. Noelia Pérez-Rodríguez acknowledges the financial support of FPU from Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports. The authors thank the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation for the financial support of this work (projectCTQ2011-28967), which has partial financial support from the FEDER funds of the European Union.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Dermatoglifia y deporte: una revisión sistemática

La dermatoglifia constituye una alternativa para la detección del talento deportivo, existe evidencia científica de su importancia, aplicación y uso (De-Oliveira, De-Oliveira, Valentim-Silva, & Fernandes, 2018). Las huellas dermopapilares, son formadas entre el tercer al sexto mes de gestación en el vientre de la madre (Chakraborty, 1991), son inmutables y diversas, constituyéndose en un marcador genético (De Anton y de Luis, 2004; Dantas, 2012)

Diferencias en la frecuencia cardíaca que presentan los jugadores de Tigres Sub-15 UANL en diferentes partidos oficiales

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo conocer las diferentes demandas de frecuencia cardiaca (FC) por posición en partidos oficiales categoría sub 15. Además de registrar el rendimiento con respecto a la FC. Se registro el rendimiento de los once jugadores durante seis partidos oficiales. Los resultados mostraron que dentro de los seis partidos registrados se establecieron diferentes frecuencias cardíacas, las cuales son factores determinantes a tomar en cuenta para la programación adecuada en el proceso de entrenamiento a través de las diferencias en los valores de FC entre las diferentes posicione

Lithium abundances of halo dwarfs based on excitation temperature. I. LTE

The discovery of the Spite plateau in the abundances of 7Li for metal-poor stars led to the determination of an observationally deduced primordial lithium abundance. However, after the success of the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) in determining the baryon density, OmegaBh^2, there was a discrepancy between observationally determined and theoretically determined abundances in the case of 7Li. One of the most important uncertain factors in the calculation of the stellar 7Li abundance is the effective temperature, Teff. We use sixteen metal-poor halo dwarfs to calculate new Teff values using the excitation energy method. With this temperature scale we then calculate new Li abundances for this group of stars in an attempt to resolve the 7Li discrepancy. Using high signal-to-noise (S/N ~ 100) spectra of 16 metal-poor halo dwarfs, obtained with the UCLES spectrograph on the AAT, measurements of equivalent widths from a set of unblended FeI lines are made. These equivalent widths are then used to calculate new Teff values with the use of the single line radiative transfer program WIDTH6, where we have constrained the gravity using either theoretical isochrones or the Hipparcos parallax, rather than the ionization balance. The lithium abundances of the stars are calculated with these temperatures. The physical parameters are derived for the 16 programme stars, and two standards. These include Teff, log g, [Fe/H], microturbulence and 7Li abundances. A comparison between the temperature scale of this work and those adopted by others has been undertaken. We find good consistency with the temperatures derived from the Halpha line by Asplund et al. (2006), but not with the hotter scale of Melendez & Ramirez (2004).Comment: 13 pages, 9 figure