408 research outputs found
Psychosocial Adaptation in Relatives of Critically Injured Patients Admitted to an Intensive Care Unit
Hemos analizado la influencia del tiempo transcurrido desde el ingreso del paciente en la UCI en sus familiares mas allegados, sobre determinadas variables clínicas de personalidad, las relaciones familiares y el temor experimentado ante la muerte. La muestra estaba formada por 57 familiares de pacientes traumatizados graves ingresados en la UCI de Traumatología. Hemos empleado una encuesta psicosocial y los siguientes instrumentos: Cuestionario de Análisis Clínico, Escala de Clima Social en la Familia y Escala de Temor a la Muerte. Los familiares de pacientes ingresados en la UCI, comparados con los mismos familiares cuatro años después del ingreso, obtienen puntuaciones más elevadas en hipocondria, depresión suicida, agitación, depresión ansiosa, culpabilidad-resentimiento, paranoia, psicastenia, desajuste psicológico y expresividad, y menor en el temor al proceso de morir propio. El tiempo transcurrido desde el ingreso del paciente en la UCI ejerce una influencia sobre sus familiares en algunas variables clínicas de personalidad, las relaciones familiares y el temor experimentado ante la muerte.The aim of this study is to analyze how the length of time a patient spends in an Intensive Care Unit (ICU) affects close relatives, with regard to specific clinical variables of personality, family relationships and fear of death. The study group consisted of 57 relatives of seriously ill patients admitted to the ICU of “Virgen del Rocío” Rehabilitation and Trauma Hospital (Seville, Spain). The instruments applied were: a psychosocial questionnaire, clinical analysis questionnaire, family environment scale and fear of death scale. The relatives of patients admitted to ICU obtained higher scores in hypochondria, suicidal depression, agitation, anxious depression, guilt-resentment, paranoia, psychasthenia, psychological maladjustment and self-expression, and less in fear of their own death, as when compared to interviews with the same relatives 4 years later. The length of time a patient spent in the ICU influenced relatives in some clinical variables of personality, family relationships and fear of death
Regulación del derecho a un proceso penal sin dilaciones indebidas: de la atenuante analógica a la atenuante específica del código penal
[Resumen] El derecho a un proceso sin dilaciones indebidas es una garantía procesal que
está constitucionalizada, de manera autónoma pero íntimamente relacionada con el también
fundamental derecho a la tutela judicial efectiva sin indefensión. Aunque su respeto tiene
que hacerse efectivo en todo tipo de procesos, es en el penal en el que su vulneración es
especialmente grave, lo que ha provocado que la doctrina y la jurisprudencia hayan buscado
diversas opciones reparadoras de su lesión. La reforma del Código Penal de 2010 constituye
un avance importante en esta materia puesto que se abandona el anterior criterio de entender
las dilaciones indebidas como una “atenuante analógica”, legalizando su consideración como
una “atenuante específica”.[Abstract] The right to trial without undue delay is a procedural guarantee that is
constitutionalized, independently but also closely related to the fundamental right to effective judicial guidance without helplessness. Although this must be respected in all types
of procedures, their violation is particularly serious in criminal ones and this has prompted
the doctrine and jurisprudence to seek various remedial options for its breach. The Penal
Code of 2010 constitutes an important advance in this matter since it leaves behind the
former criterion to understand undue delay as a mitigating factor analogue, legalizing their
consideration as a specific mitigating factorMinisterio de Educación; DER 2009-11199Ministerio de Educación; DER 2009-13351Junta de Castilla y León; SA 033A10-
Development of an experimental telemetry system
This article presents the design and implementation of a communications system to receive information about the status, height, speed, temperature or any other type of variable of interest from vehicles such as balloons or experimental rockets. In a first iteration, the system was designed to achieve transmission distances in the order of dozens kilometers but leaving some margin to extend the operating range to up to 100 km in line of sight. At the beginning of the project different factors such as the use of a frequency band suitable for this type of applications, the modulation scheme to use and a data protocol were analyzed. Subsequently, the most appropriate commercial devices to implement each of the system blocks were selected. With these components a first prototype of the telemetry board was built and the necessary tests to verify the correct performance of it were conducted. Finally, the design and implementation of the flight hardware was carried out and the final tests that fully validated the proposed design were performed.Facultad de Ingenierí
Validación de la versión española del Cuestionario Breve de Evitación Experiencial (BEAQ) en población clínica
The Brief Experiential Avoidance Questionnaire (BEAQ) has been suggested as the most appropriate instrument for measuring experiential avoidance. However, no Spanish validation has been published. The aim of this study was to validate a Spanish version of the BEAQ in a clinical sample treated at a community mental health unit. Methods: Participants (N = 332) completed the BEAQ as well as other self-report measures of experiential avoidance and psychopathology. Results: Internal consistency was satisfactory (α = .82). No statistically significant gender differences were found in the BEAQ scores. The data also showed high test-retest reliability after four to six weeks, acceptable concurrent validity with another experiential avoidance measure and acceptable convergent validity with the psychopathology measure. The principal component analysis, forcing the one factor solution proposed in the original scale, produced indicators similar to the English version of the BEAQ. Conclusions: These results firmly support the reliability and validity of this Spanish validation, stressing its usefulness as a measure of experiential avoidance in clinical populations.Antecedentes: el
Cuestionario Breve de Evitación Experiencial (BEAQ) ha sido propuesto
como el instrumento más adecuado para medir la evitación experiencial.
Sin embargo, todavía no ha sido publicada ninguna validación en español.
Por lo tanto, el objetivo del presente estudio ha sido la validación de
una versión española del BEAQ, en una muestra clínica atendida en un
Centro de Salud Mental Comunitario. Método: los participantes (N =
332) completaron el BEAQ, así como otras medidas de autoinforme de
evitación experiencial y psicopatología. Resultados: la consistencia
interna fue satisfactoria (α = .82). No se encontraron diferencias de
género estadísticamente significativas en las puntuaciones del BEAQ.
Los datos también mostraron una alta fiabilidad test-retest en un intervalo
de cuatro a seis semanas, validez concurrente aceptable con otra medida
de evitación experiencial y validez convergente aceptable con la medida
de psicopatología. El análisis de componentes principales forzando a
la solución de un factor, como se propuso en la escala original, obtuvo
unos indicadores similares a los obtenidos en dicha versión inglesa.
Conclusiones: los resultados confirman la adecuada fiabilidad y validez de la presente versión española del BEAQ, destacando su utilidad como
medida de la evitación experiencial en población clínica
Uso de JUnit para evaluación en laboratorio de Estructuras de Datos
Las pruebas del software, y en especial las pruebas
unitarias automatizadas, son un área relevante de las
competencias de un titulado en Informática. Pero
aparte de su papel en los contenidos del currículo,
pueden ser una herramienta útil para la docencia.
Se ha documentado en múltiples ocasiones el uso
de las pruebas automatizadas para autoevaluación de
los estudiantes, o para implementar sistemas de
corrección automáticos o semiautomáticos; es decir,
en diversas formas de trabajo autónomo. Sin embargo,
la aportación de este artículo radica en documentar
la aplicación de una variante, que consiste en
utilizar pruebas automatizadas durante los propios
exámenes prácticos, en una doble vertiente: como
instrumento del profesor para hacer posible una
evaluación rápida, ordenada y coherente en el momento,
y simultáneamente como elemento integrante
del propio ejercicio.
Cabe anticipar algunos potenciales problemas del
uso de esta técnica. Aquí se discuten dichos problemas
y su incidencia real tras la experiencia.SUMMARY -- Software testing, and automated unit testing in particular,
is a relevant topic for software engineering
studies. But, in addition to their role as a part of the
curricula, they are a tool that can be applied in teaching
itself.
The use of automated testing in teaching, be it for
student self-assessment, or for implementing automatic
or semiautomatic grading systems, is well
documented. These approaches are largely based on
self-study or autonomous work schemas. However,
this paper presents an approach based on applying
automated software testing during lab exams, with a
double goal: on one hand, as a tool for the teacher,
that makes it possible to perform a quick, orderly and
consistent assessment in-place, and on the other hand,
as an important component of the exam itself.
Some potential problems can be identified in advance.
In this paper, these problems are discussed and
their real relevance in practice is evaluated
The effect of task difficulty on decision-making: Differences between obsessive–compulsive disorder and non-affective psychosis
The aim was to determine whether there are differences between groups in jumping to conclusions and the number of beads required to make a decision based on task difficulty. An assessment was made of 19 patients with non-affective psychosis, 19 with obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD), and 19 healthy controls. The Beads Task scale was used in its two versions. Patients with non-affective psychosis jumped to conclusions. There was significant interaction between group and task difficulty. Increased difficulty of the task did not affect the number of beads patients with non-affective psychosis or OCD needed to make their decision. However, healthy controls needed to see more beads before they could make a decision in the hard test than in the easy one. Patients with non-affective psychosis jump to conclusions, but neither this group nor the OCD patients benefit from the changes in task difficulty when making their decisions
Evolución psicológica tras el trasplante de órganos
Plan Nacional de Investigación Científica, Desarrollo e Innovación Tecnológica (I+D+I)Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Subdirección General de Evaluación y Fomento de la Investigación)
Symptoms of anxiety and depression in different stages of organ transplant
From this ex post facto study, we analysed if symptoms of anxiety and
depression of the patients varies after transplant in relation to the three main stages of
the process: a) Intensive Care Unit (ICU – patient recently admitted to ICU after
transplant), b) post-ICU (when a patient comes out of ICU but remains in hospital), and
c) post-hospital (when a year has passed after the transplant). 39 transplant patients
were assessed in three different stages: ICU, post-ICU, and post-hospital. In each stage,
the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale was applied and, in addition, during the first
stage other information was obtained (socio-demographic, medical, etc.) by way of a
psychosocial survey. Patients showed more symptoms of anxiety and depression in the
ICU and post-hospital stages, diminishing in the post-ICU stage. After the organ transplant,
it is noticed a psychological evolution in the shape of “U”, with an increase of
psychological well-being in the middle stages.Desde este estudio ex post facto, analizamos si los síntomas de ansiedad
y depresión de los pacientes varían después del trasplante en relación a las tres fases
del proceso: a) Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI – paciente admitido recientemente en la UCI tras el trasplante), b) post-UCI (cuando el paciente abandona la UCI pero
permanece en el hospital) y c) post-hospital (cuando ha pasado un año tras el trasplante).
Treinta y nueve trasplantados fueron evaluados en tres momentos diferentes: UCI,
post-UCI y post-hospital. En cada fase se aplicó la Escala Hospitalaria de Ansiedad y
Depresión; además, durante la primera fase se obtuvo información adicional
(sociodemográfica, médica, etc.) a través de una encuesta psicosocial. Los pacientes
presentaban los mayores síntomas de ansiedad y depresión en la UCI y en la fase posthospital,
siendo menores en la fase post-UCI. Por lo tanto, después del trasplante de
órgano, se aprecia una evolución psicológica en forma de “U”, con un aumento del
bienestar psicológico en las fases intermedias.Neste estudo ex post facto, analisámos se os sintomas de ansiedade e
depressão dos pacientes variam depois do transplante em relação às três fases do processo:
a) Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI – paciente admitido recentemente na UCI
depois do transplante), b) pós-UCI (quando o paciente abandona a UCI mas permanece
no hospital) e c) pós-hospital (quando passou um ano após o transplante). 39 transplantados
foram avaliados em três momentos diferentes: UCI, pós-UCI e pós-hospital. Em cada
fase aplicou-se a Escala Hospitalar de Ansiedade e Depressão; além disse, durante a
primeira fase recolheu-se informação adicional (sociodemográfica, médica, etc.) através
de uma entrevista psicossocial. Os pacientes apresentavam os maiores sintomas de
ansiedade e depressão na UCI e na fase pós-hospital, sendo menores na fase pós-UCI.
Por conseguinte, depois do transplante de órgãos, aprecia-se uma evolução psicológica
em forma de “U”, com um aumento do bem-estar psicológico nas fases intermédias.Instituto de Salud Carlos II
Calidad de vida en la salud: algunas investigaciones en el ámbito hospitalario
Exponemos los resultados más relevantes de dos
investigaciones relacionadas con la Calidad de Vida en la
Salud. En la primera de ellas, empleamos tres grupos con
32 sujetos cada uno: pacientes con Enfermedad Pulmonar
Obstructiva Crónica (EPOC) estabilizados, pacientes con
EPOC descompensados (hospitalizados) y enfermos con
cáncer de pulmón (hospitalizados). Analizamos la
influencia de la descompensación de la EPOC sobre la
calidad de vida. En la segunda investigación, empleamos
un grupo de 57 familiares de pacientes traumatizados
graves que fueron evaluados en dos momentos diferentes:
cuando el paciente se hallaba ingresado en la UCI y
transcurridos cuatro años del alta de éste. Analizamos cómo
afecta en los familiares (variables clínicas de personalidad,
relaciones familiares y temor experimentado ante la
muerte) el tiempo transcurrido desde el ingreso del paciente
en la UCI en función de su calidad de vida
Concerns, Mental Health, and Quality of Life in Living Kidney Donation–Parent Donor Candidates Worry Less about Themselves
Even though the majority of living kidney donor candidates appear in good mental health and show few concerns little is known concerning the influence of the type of donor-recipient relationship on donor candidates’ specific concerns with regard to kidney donation. 136 donor candidates at Virgen del Rocío University Hospital of Seville filled in the Scale of Concerns Regarding Living Kidney Donation of whom 105 donor candidates and their corresponding recipients (105 patients with End-Stage Renal Disease) were further evaluated with regard to mental health (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Beck Depression Inventory-II) and quality of life (SF-36 Health Survey). As hypothesized recipients scored higher on depression and lower on quality of life. Donor candidates intending to donate to their children were significantly less concerned about risks of donation for themselves compared to donor candidates donating to siblings. Our findings highlight the importance of the type of donor-recipient relationship to understand specific concerns of donor candidates and optimize psychosocial assessment and support. From an evolutionary perspective parents lack of concern about their own well-being can be seen as an altruistic behavior to increase children’s fitness at the (potential) expense of their own fitness
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