Implementación de la plataforma “evolution”

A call center is a business unit whose epicenter is the people and where the focus lies in successful communication. We live in an era when technology is revolutionizing communications, and most successful call centers use a wide range of applications which range from PBX and Automatic Call Distribution Systems (ACD) that route calls, answer Audio Systems (IVR) and voice mail systems that provide an automated response capability and self-service; systems with Relationship Management (CRM), that the agents use to access and work with customer records and a range of reporting systems, supervision and quality monitoring; that managers can use to manage the operation of call center and measure its performance. The reason that we chose to implement this new platform, was the current need to expand the company has operations in the Ecuadorian market. In the particular case of the company, within a wide range of possibilities it was decided by the implementation of Call Center Evolution of minimum costs to be incurred, as the company has all required hardware, database licenses data telecommunications infrastructure for the marking of the calls. Other applications are used for implementation are licensed under GP

Bean rust resistance and yield of black bean genotypes under field conditions

Objective: To identify black bean lines resistant to rust under field conditions, and with yield equal to or greater than that of three varieties for commercial use in Veracruz. Design/methodology/approach: The genotypes were evaluated in a randomized block experimental design with three replications. Its reaction to rust was rated on an incidence scale of 1 to 9 and grain yield was estimated in kilograms per hectare. Analyses of variance were performed and to separate averages, the Least Significant Difference was applied at 0.05. Correlation analyses were also carried out between the rust incidence values ​​and the yield of the genotypes at each evaluation site. Results: Nine lines were resistant to rust with an average incidence of between 1.78 and 3.33, of which Jamapa Plus/XRAV-187-3-4-4 was the most productive with an average yield of 2183.4 kg ha-1, statistically similar. to that obtained by the Jamapa Plus/XRAV-187-3-4-1 and Jamapa Plus/XRAV-187-3-1-2 lines and the Verdín variety, and significantly higher than that of the rest of the genotypes. Limitations on study/implications: Although the rust occurred in the three study locations, its degree of incidence and the stage in which it appeared were different. However, in all cases, the degree of infection was sufficient to evaluate the reaction of the genotypes to this disease. Findings/conclusions: Three lines resistant to rust were identified under field conditions, with an average yield significantly higher than that of the Negro Jamapa and Negro Medellín varieties.  Objective: To identify black beans lines resistant to bean rust under field conditions, which have similar or higher yield than three commercial varieties sown in Veracruz, Mexico. Design/Methodology/Approach: The genotypes were evaluated using a completely randomized block design. The reaction of the genotypes to bean rust was qualified using a 1-9 incidence rate, while grain yield was estimated in kg ha-1. An analysis of variance was carried out and the resulting means were divided using a 0.05 Least Significant Difference (LSD). Additionally, a correlation analysis between the incidence values of bean rust and the yield of the genotypes was carried out in each evaluation site. Results: Nine lines were resistant to bean rust (incidence average: 1.78-3.33). Out of these lines, Jamapa Plus/XRAV-187-3-4-4 was the most productive line, with a 2,183.4 kg ha-1 average yield. This result is statistically similar to the results of the Jamapa Plus/XRAV-187-3-4-1 and Jamapa Plus/XRAV-187-3-1-2 lines and the Verdín variety. In addition, the results of Jamapa Plus/XRAV-187-3-4-4 are slightly higher than the results obtained by the rest of the genotypes. Study Limitations/Implications: Although bean rust was recorded in three of the localities of the study area, the incidence degree and the stage when it was found were different. However, in all the cases, the infection degree was enough to evaluate the reactions of the genotypes to this disease. Findings/Conclusions: Three bean rust-resistant lines were identified under field conditions. They had a significantly higher average yield than the Negro Jamapa and Negro Medellín varieties

Genetic characterization of cassava (Manihot esculenta) landraces in Brazil assessed with simple sequence repeats

Based on nine microsatellite loci, the aim of this study was to appraise the genetic diversity of 42 cassava (Manihot esculenta) landraces from selected regions in Brazil, and examine how this variety is distributed according to origin in several municipalities in the states of Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Mato Grosso do Sul, Amazonas and Mato Grosso. High diversity values were found among the five above-mentioned regions, with 3.3 alleles per locus on an average, a high percentage of polymorphic loci varying from 88.8% to 100%, an average of 0.265 for observed heterozygosity and 0.570 for gene diversity. Most genetic diversity was concentrated within the regions themselves (HS = 0.52). Cluster analysis and principal component based scatter plotting showed greater similarity among landraces from São Paulo, Mato Grosso do Sul and Amazonas, whereas those from Minas Gerais were clustered into a sub-group within this group. The plants from Mato Grosso, mostly collected in the municipality of General Carneiro, provided the highest differentiation. The migration of human populations is one among the possible reasons for this closer resemblance or greater disparity among plants from the various regions

Gestión del conocimiento. Perspectiva multidisciplinaria. Volumen 9

El libro “Gestión del Conocimiento. Perspectiva Multidisciplinaria”, volumen 9, de la Colección Unión Global, es resultado de investigaciones. Los capítulos del libro, son resultados de investigaciones desarrolladas por sus autores. El libro es una publicación internacional, seriada, continua, arbitrada de acceso abierto a todas las áreas del conocimiento, que cuenta con el esfuerzo de investigadores de varios países del mundo, orientada a contribuir con procesos de gestión del conocimiento científico, tecnológico y humanístico que consoliden la transformación del conocimiento en diferentes escenarios, tanto organizacionales como universitarios, para el desarrollo de habilidades cognitivas del quehacer diario. La gestión del conocimiento es un camino para consolidar una plataforma en las empresas públicas o privadas, entidades educativas, organizaciones no gubernamentales, ya sea generando políticas para todas las jerarquías o un modelo de gestión para la administración, donde es fundamental articular el conocimiento, los trabajadores, directivos, el espacio de trabajo, hacia la creación de ambientes propicios para el desarrollo integral de las instituciones

Propagación <i>in vitro</i> de <i>Lippia integrifolia</i> (Griseb.) Hier. y detección de variación genética en vitroplantas a través del uso de ISSRs

Aromatic and medicinal plants have been traditionally harvested from the wild and, in Argentina, they have been exploited without any major limitation. In vitro plant propagation is an easy and inexpensive method to obtain huge amounts of plants in a short period. This practice is relevant for the propagation of valuable and endangered species, facilitating their conservation and germplasm breeding. Since tissue culture can induce genetic and phenotypic variations, collectively termed “somaclonal variation”, molecular markers have been used to determine the genetic variability induced. In this work, successful propagation of Lippia integrifolia (Gr.) Hie (“incayuyo”) was achieved with 2,2 μM of bencylaminopurine added to the Murashige-Skoog medium. Shoots were recovered from the development of axillary meristems and through de novo shoots regeneration from organogenic calluses. Regenerated plants were taken to an experimental trial nearby their natural habitat for their evaluation in an agricultural environment. From the moment phenotypic variants started to appear in the ex vitro regenerated plants, the genetic variability of both kinds of recovered materials was studied by intersimple sequence repeats. Thirteen markers were used, detecting polymorphisms with all the primers tested in both types of recovered plants. The existence of polymorphisms implies that the genetic stability must be evaluated in all the ex vitro recovered plants. The protocol developed here is the first step to be applied in biotechnological techniques employed to improve the quality of “incayuyo”. Moreover, this is the first work employing molecular markers in L. integrifolia.Las plantas aromático-medicinales han sido tradicionalmente recolectadas de su medio natural, y en Argentina, han sido explotadas sin ninguna limitación. La propagación in vitro de plantas es un método fácil y económico para obtener grandes cantidades de plantas a corto plazo. Esta práctica es relevante para la propagación de especies valiosas y en peligro de extinción, facilitando su conservación y mejoramiento. Debido a que el cultivo de tejidos puede inducir variaciones genéticas y fenotípicas, comúnmente denominadas "variación somaclonal", los marcadores moleculares se han utilizado para determinar esta variabilidad. En este trabajo, se logró la propagación de Lippia integrifolia (Gr.) Hie ("incayuyo") con 2,2 μM de bencilaminopurina añadido al medio Murashige-Skoog. Los brotes fueron recuperados a partir del desarrollo de meristemas axilares y a través de la generación de brotes de novo regenerados a partir de callos organogénicos. Las plantas regeneradas fueron llevadas a un campo experimental, cercano a su hábitat natural, para su evaluación. Dado que se detectaron variantes fenotípicas en las plantas regeneradas, se estudió la variabilidad genética de los dos tipos de materiales recuperados a través de microsatélites anclados. Se utilizaron trece marcadores, detectándose polimorfismos con todos los iniciadores ensayados en ambos tipos de plantas recuperadas. La existencia de polimorfismos implica que la estabilidad genética debe ser evaluada en todas las plantas recuperadas. El protocolo aquí desarrollado es el primer paso para la aplicación de biotécnicas para el mejoramiento de “incayuyo". Por otra parte, este es el primer trabajo en L. integrifolia donde se emplean marcadores moleculares.Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestale

Propagación <i>in vitro</i> de <i>Lippia integrifolia</i> (Griseb.) Hier. y detección de variación genética en vitroplantas a través del uso de ISSRs

Aromatic and medicinal plants have been traditionally harvested from the wild and, in Argentina, they have been exploited without any major limitation. In vitro plant propagation is an easy and inexpensive method to obtain huge amounts of plants in a short period. This practice is relevant for the propagation of valuable and endangered species, facilitating their conservation and germplasm breeding. Since tissue culture can induce genetic and phenotypic variations, collectively termed “somaclonal variation”, molecular markers have been used to determine the genetic variability induced. In this work, successful propagation of Lippia integrifolia (Gr.) Hie (“incayuyo”) was achieved with 2,2 μM of bencylaminopurine added to the Murashige-Skoog medium. Shoots were recovered from the development of axillary meristems and through de novo shoots regeneration from organogenic calluses. Regenerated plants were taken to an experimental trial nearby their natural habitat for their evaluation in an agricultural environment. From the moment phenotypic variants started to appear in the ex vitro regenerated plants, the genetic variability of both kinds of recovered materials was studied by intersimple sequence repeats. Thirteen markers were used, detecting polymorphisms with all the primers tested in both types of recovered plants. The existence of polymorphisms implies that the genetic stability must be evaluated in all the ex vitro recovered plants. The protocol developed here is the first step to be applied in biotechnological techniques employed to improve the quality of “incayuyo”. Moreover, this is the first work employing molecular markers in L. integrifolia.Las plantas aromático-medicinales han sido tradicionalmente recolectadas de su medio natural, y en Argentina, han sido explotadas sin ninguna limitación. La propagación in vitro de plantas es un método fácil y económico para obtener grandes cantidades de plantas a corto plazo. Esta práctica es relevante para la propagación de especies valiosas y en peligro de extinción, facilitando su conservación y mejoramiento. Debido a que el cultivo de tejidos puede inducir variaciones genéticas y fenotípicas, comúnmente denominadas "variación somaclonal", los marcadores moleculares se han utilizado para determinar esta variabilidad. En este trabajo, se logró la propagación de Lippia integrifolia (Gr.) Hie ("incayuyo") con 2,2 μM de bencilaminopurina añadido al medio Murashige-Skoog. Los brotes fueron recuperados a partir del desarrollo de meristemas axilares y a través de la generación de brotes de novo regenerados a partir de callos organogénicos. Las plantas regeneradas fueron llevadas a un campo experimental, cercano a su hábitat natural, para su evaluación. Dado que se detectaron variantes fenotípicas en las plantas regeneradas, se estudió la variabilidad genética de los dos tipos de materiales recuperados a través de microsatélites anclados. Se utilizaron trece marcadores, detectándose polimorfismos con todos los iniciadores ensayados en ambos tipos de plantas recuperadas. La existencia de polimorfismos implica que la estabilidad genética debe ser evaluada en todas las plantas recuperadas. El protocolo aquí desarrollado es el primer paso para la aplicación de biotécnicas para el mejoramiento de “incayuyo". Por otra parte, este es el primer trabajo en L. integrifolia donde se emplean marcadores moleculares.Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestale

In vitro propagation of Lippia integrifolia (Griseb.) Hier. and detection of genetic instability through ISSR markers of in vitro-cultured plants.

Aromatic and medicinal plants have been traditionally harvested from the wild and, in Argentina, they have been exploited without any major limitation. In vitro plant propagation is an easy and inexpensive method to obtain huge amounts of plants in a short period. This practice is relevant for the propagation of valuable and endangered species, facilitating their conservation and germplasm breeding. Since tissue culture can induce genetic and phenotypic variations, collectively termed “somaclonal variation”, molecular markers have been used to determine the genetic variability induced. In this work, successful propagation of Lippia integrifolia (Gr.) Hie (“incayuyo”) was achieved with 2,2 µM of bencylaminopurine added to the Murashige-Skoog medium. Shoots were recovered from the development of axillary meristems and through de novo shoots regeneration from organogenic calluses. Regenerated plants were taken to an experimental trial nearby their natural habitat for their evaluation in an agricultural environment. From the moment phenotypic variants started to appear in the ex vitro regenerated plants, the genetic variability of both kinds of recovered materials was studied by intersimple sequence repeats. Thirteen markers were used, detecting polymorphisms with all the primers tested in both types of recovered plants. The existence of polymorphisms implies that the genetic stability must be evaluated in all the ex vitro recovered plants. The protocol developed here is the first step to be applied in biotechnological techniques employed to improve the quality of “incayuyo”. Moreover, this is the first work employing molecular markers in L. integrifolia.Las plantas aromático-medicinales han sido tradicionalmente recolectadas de su medio natural, y en Argentina, han sido explotadas sin ninguna limitación. La propagación in vitro de plantas es un método fácil y económico para obtener grandes cantidades de plantas a corto plazo. Esta práctica es relevante para la propagación de especies valiosas y en peligro de extinción, facilitando su conservación y mejoramiento. Debido a que el cultivo de tejidos puede inducir variaciones genéticas y fenotípicas, comúnmente denominadas "variación somaclonal", los marcadores moleculares se han utilizado para determinar esta variabilidad. En este trabajo, se logró la propagación de Lippia integrifolia (Gr.) Hie ("incayuyo") con 2,2 µM de bencilaminopurina añadido al medio Murashige-Skoog. Los brotes fueron recuperados a partir del desarrollo de meristemas axilares y a través de la generación de brotes de novo regenerados a partir de callos organogénicos. Las plantas regeneradas fueron llevadas a un campo experimental, cercano a su hábitat natural, para su evaluación. Dado que se detectaron variantes fenotípicas en las plantas regeneradas, se estudió la variabilidad genética de los dos tipos de materiales recuperados a través de microsatélites anclados. Se utilizaron trece marcadores, detectándose polimorfismos con todos los iniciadores ensayados en ambos tipos de plantas recuperadas. La existencia de polimorfismos implica que la estabilidad genética debe ser evaluada en todas las plantas recuperadas. El protocolo aquí desarrollado es el primer paso para la aplicación de biotécnicas para el mejoramiento de “incayuyo". Por otra parte, este es el primer trabajo en L. integrifolia donde se emplean marcadores molecularesInst. de FloriculturaFil: Escandon, Alejandro Salvio. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Genética "Ewald A. Favret"; ArgentinaFil: Perez De La Torre, Mariana. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Floricultura; ArgentinaFil: Coviella, Maria Andrea. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Floricultura; ArgentinaFil: Aguirre, Eduardo Del Valle. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria La Rioja; ArgentinaFil: Elechosa, Miguel Angel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Recursos Biológicos; ArgentinaFil: Van Baren, Catalina Maria. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Farmacología. Cátedra de Farmacognosia; ArgentinaFil: Pacheco, Maria Gabriela. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Genética "Ewald A. Favret"Fil: Iannicelli, Jesica. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Genética "Ewald A. Favret"; Argentin

Explorando la asociación entre la resistencia a la insulina, el síndrome de ovarios poliquísticos y la diabetes mellitus

El s&iacute;ndrome de ovarios poliqu&iacute;sticos (SOP) es una complejaentidad cl&iacute;nica que involucra m&uacute;ltiples alteraciones endocrino-metab&oacute;licas, dominado por la hiperandrogenemia(HA), la oligoanovulaci&oacute;n y el hallazgo ultrasonogr&aacute;ficode ovarios poliqu&iacute;sticos. Este s&iacute;ndrome guarda una relaci&oacute;nespecial con la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) y la diabetesmellitus gestacional (DMG), en tanto comparten la resistenciaa la insulina (RI) como fen&oacute;meno fisiopatol&oacute;gicofundamental. El SOP se ha propuesto como factor de riesgopara de DM2 y dislipidemia; al igual que para el desarrollode DMG y sus complicaciones relacionadas. En efecto, lasmujeres con SOP frecuentemente muestran comorbilidadescomo dislipidemias, disglicemia, obesidad e hipertensi&oacute;narterial. Adem&aacute;s, es importante destacar que el SOP afectaa la poblaci&oacute;n femenina en edad f&eacute;rtil. Como consecuencia,pone en riesgo la salud metab&oacute;lica de un grupo relativamentejoven de mujeres, comprometiendo el pron&oacute;sticopara su salud integral a largo plazo. En el contexto delSOP, aparece hiperinsulinemia (HI) como consecuencia dela respuesta celular disminuida a la se&ntilde;alizaci&oacute;n insul&iacute;nicaen los tejidos perif&eacute;ricos como un esfuerzo compensatorioque persigue preservar la funcionalidad del metabolismode carbohidratos y l&iacute;pidos, y prevenir la hiperglicemia. Laprogresi&oacute;n y empeoramiento de esta din&aacute;mica correspondea la evoluci&oacute;n de la RI hacia el establecimiento de laDM2; o de DMG si ocurre por encima de lo consideradofisiol&oacute;gico durante el embarazo. El SOP engloba complejoscircuitos de retroalimentaci&oacute;n positiva entre distintos ejesendocrinos, de manera que la HA y la RI-HI se estimulande forma rec&iacute;proca. Se ha propuesto que estas alteracionesprovengan de la falta de selecci&oacute;n de un fol&iacute;culo dominantedurante el ciclo ov&aacute;rico, lo cual conlleva a hiperplasiatecal y perpet&uacute;a los trastornos hormonales presentes. Estarevisi&oacute;n discute los aspectos etiopatog&eacute;nicos y epidemiol&oacute;gicosfundamentales de la relaci&oacute;n entre la RI, el SOP y ladiabetes mellitus

Propagación <i>in vitro</i> de <i>Lippia integrifolia</i> (Griseb.) Hier. y detección de variación genética en vitroplantas a través del uso de ISSRs

Aromatic and medicinal plants have been traditionally harvested from the wild and, in Argentina, they have been exploited without any major limitation. In vitro plant propagation is an easy and inexpensive method to obtain huge amounts of plants in a short period. This practice is relevant for the propagation of valuable and endangered species, facilitating their conservation and germplasm breeding. Since tissue culture can induce genetic and phenotypic variations, collectively termed “somaclonal variation”, molecular markers have been used to determine the genetic variability induced. In this work, successful propagation of Lippia integrifolia (Gr.) Hie (“incayuyo”) was achieved with 2,2 μM of bencylaminopurine added to the Murashige-Skoog medium. Shoots were recovered from the development of axillary meristems and through de novo shoots regeneration from organogenic calluses. Regenerated plants were taken to an experimental trial nearby their natural habitat for their evaluation in an agricultural environment. From the moment phenotypic variants started to appear in the ex vitro regenerated plants, the genetic variability of both kinds of recovered materials was studied by intersimple sequence repeats. Thirteen markers were used, detecting polymorphisms with all the primers tested in both types of recovered plants. The existence of polymorphisms implies that the genetic stability must be evaluated in all the ex vitro recovered plants. The protocol developed here is the first step to be applied in biotechnological techniques employed to improve the quality of “incayuyo”. Moreover, this is the first work employing molecular markers in L. integrifolia.Las plantas aromático-medicinales han sido tradicionalmente recolectadas de su medio natural, y en Argentina, han sido explotadas sin ninguna limitación. La propagación in vitro de plantas es un método fácil y económico para obtener grandes cantidades de plantas a corto plazo. Esta práctica es relevante para la propagación de especies valiosas y en peligro de extinción, facilitando su conservación y mejoramiento. Debido a que el cultivo de tejidos puede inducir variaciones genéticas y fenotípicas, comúnmente denominadas "variación somaclonal", los marcadores moleculares se han utilizado para determinar esta variabilidad. En este trabajo, se logró la propagación de Lippia integrifolia (Gr.) Hie ("incayuyo") con 2,2 μM de bencilaminopurina añadido al medio Murashige-Skoog. Los brotes fueron recuperados a partir del desarrollo de meristemas axilares y a través de la generación de brotes de novo regenerados a partir de callos organogénicos. Las plantas regeneradas fueron llevadas a un campo experimental, cercano a su hábitat natural, para su evaluación. Dado que se detectaron variantes fenotípicas en las plantas regeneradas, se estudió la variabilidad genética de los dos tipos de materiales recuperados a través de microsatélites anclados. Se utilizaron trece marcadores, detectándose polimorfismos con todos los iniciadores ensayados en ambos tipos de plantas recuperadas. La existencia de polimorfismos implica que la estabilidad genética debe ser evaluada en todas las plantas recuperadas. El protocolo aquí desarrollado es el primer paso para la aplicación de biotécnicas para el mejoramiento de “incayuyo". Por otra parte, este es el primer trabajo en L. integrifolia donde se emplean marcadores moleculares.Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestale