315 research outputs found
Propagation of spatially entangled qudits through free space
We show the propagation of entangled states of high-dimensional quantum
systems. The qudits states were generated using the transverse correlation of
the twin photons produced by spontaneous parametric down-conversion. Their
free-space distribution was performed at the laboratory scale and the
propagated states maintained a high-fidelity with their original form. The use
of entangled qudits allow an increase in the quantity of information that can
be transmitted and may also guarantee more privacy for communicating parties.
Therefore, studies about propagating entangled states of qudits are important
for the effort of building quantum communication networks.Comment: 5 Pages, 4 Figures, REVTeX
Construcción de un procedimiento estándar para el manejo de residuos de mercurio a partir de termómetros
Objective: To describe the process of building a manual for the management of mercury residues from thermometers.
Methodology: Bibliographic search in different databases, to identify procedures, instructions or similar of free access, existing in Colombia and other parts of the world. The search was performed with the Google engine, using the keywords: mercury, thermometers, waste and health institutions, during January and February 2012. From the collected documentation, we proceeded to design a standard procedure, based on the PHVA methodology.
Results: There is no specific procedure for the collection of waste from the breakdown of thermometers in Colombia. Using references from other countries as a reference, a Standard Operating Procedure was formulated, which in turn has four instructions: Site evaluation and ventilation, mercury spill clean-up case, glass collection and location and collection of mercury drops. Additionally, two registration systems were generated for monthly breakdown control and training attendance.
Conclusions: There is no standard procedure for the management of residual mercury from thermometers in Colombia. The standard operating procedure designed here is put to the consideration of the scientific community.Objetivo: Describir el proceso de construcción de un manual para el manejo de residuos de mercurio a partir de termómetros.
Metodología: Búsqueda bibliográfica en diferentes bases de datos, para identificar procedimientos, instructivos o similares de libre acceso, existentes en Colombia y otras partes del mundo. La búsqueda se realizó con el motor de Google, usando las palabras clave: mercurio, termómetros, residuos e instituciones de salud, durante Enero y Febrero de 2012. A partir de la documentación recopilada se procedió a diseñar un procedimiento estándar, con base en la metodología PHVA.
Resultados: No existe un procedimiento específico para la recolección de residuos proveniente de la ruptura de termómetros en Colombia. Usando como referencia guías de otros países, se formuló un Procedimiento Operativo Estándar que a su vez tiene cuatro instructivos: Evaluación y ventilación del lugar, maleta de limpieza de derrames de mercurio, recolección de vidrios y localización y recolección de gotas de mercurio. Adicionalmente, se generaron dos sistemas de registro para control mensual de rupturas y asistencia a capacitaciones.
Conclusiones: No existe un procedimiento estándar para el manejo de mercurio residual a partir de termómetros en Colombia. Se pone a consideración de la comunidad científica el procedimiento operativo estándar aquí diseñado
Super-poissonian photon statistics and correlations between pump and probe fields in Electromagnetically Induced Transparency
We have measured the photon statistics of pump and probe beams after
interaction with Rb atoms in a situation of Electromagnetically Induced
Transparency. Both fields present super-poissonian statistics and their
intensities become correlated, in good qualitative agreement with theoretical
predictions in which both fields are treated quantum-mechanically. The
intensity correlations measured are a first step towards the observation of
entanglement between the fields.Comment: 4 pages, two-column, 4 figures, first submitted to PRL on Aug. 6,
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Point‑of‑care ultrasound in cardiorespiratory arrest (POCUS‑CA): narrative review article.
The POCUS-CA (Point-of-care ultrasound in cardiac arrest) is a diagnostic tool in the Intensive Care Unit and Emergency
Department setting. The literature indicates that in the patient in a cardiorespiratory arrest it can provide
information of the etiology of the arrest in patients with non-defibrillable rhythms, assess the quality of compressions
during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), and define prognosis of survival according to specific findings and, thus,
assist the clinician in decision-making during resuscitation. This narrative review of the literature aims to expose the
usefulness of ultrasound in the setting of cardiorespiratory arrest as a tool that allows making a rapid diagnosis and
making decisions about reversible causes of this entity. More studies are needed to support the evidence to make
ultrasound part of the resuscitation algorithms. Teamwork during cardiopulmonary resuscitation and the inclusion of
ultrasound in a multidisciplinary approach is important to achieve a favorable clinical outcomepost-print2391 K
Outpatient Stem Cell Transplantation Using a Reduced-Intensity Conditioning in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Tendencias en la mortalidad de médicos generales y especialistas en Cali, Colombia
Objective: To determine the Average Mortality Rate (TMP) and the causes of death of general practitioners and specialists in the city of Cali in the period studied.
Methodology: Retrospective cohort study, carried out in a database of doctors associated with a fund of employees from the city of Cali between the years 1997 and 2011. The information of the medical specialty was obtained from the records of the employee fund and the cause of death of all the deceased (n = 181) was established from the records of the National Administrative Department of Statistics (DANE).
Results: The TMP of the doctors in Cali in the period between 1997 to 2011 (5.8 / 1000) is lower than the TMP of the general population older than 30 years (8.3 / 1000) in the evaluated period (P < 0.001). The main causes of death are related to Cancer (36%) and Cardiovascular Diseases (30%). The first cause of death from Cancer is due to the Prostate and the first cause of Cardiovascular Disease was Acute Myocardial Infarction. The highest TMP with statistical significance was for doctors with surgical specialties.
Conclusions: The studied medical population presents a TMP in the period 1997 to 2011 lower than the general population older than 30 years of the city of Cali. The main causes of death are associated with health problems characteristic of adulthood such as Cancer and cardiovascular diseases.Objetivo: Determinar la Tasa de Mortalidad Promedio (TMP) y las causas de muerte de médicos generales y especialistas en la ciudad de Cali en el periodo estudiado.
Metodología: Estudio de cohorte retrospectivo, realizado en una base de datos de médicos asociados a un fondo de empleados de la ciudad de Cali entre los años 1.997 y 2.011. La información de la especialidad médica se obtuvo a partir de los registros del fondo de empleados y la causa de muerte del total de los fallecidos (n=181) se estableció a partir de los registros del Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística (DANE).
Resultados: La TMP de los médicos en Cali en el periodo entre 1.997 a 2.011 (5,8/1000) es inferior a la TMP de la población general mayor de 30 años (8,3/1000) en el período evaluado (P<0,001). Las principales causas de muerte se relacionan con Cáncer (36%) y Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (30%). La primera causa de muerte por Cáncer se debe al de Próstata y la primera por Enfermedad Cardiovascular fue el Infarto Agudo de Miocardio. La TMP más alta con significancia estadística fue para los médicos con especialidades quirúrgicas.
Conclusiones: La población médica estudiada presenta una TMP en el periodo 1.997 a 2.011 inferior a la población general mayor a 30 años de la ciudad de Cali. Las principales causas de muerte están asociadas a problemas de salud característicos de la edad adulta como son Cáncer y enfermedades cardiovasculares
Result of a pulmonary rehabilitation program on adherence and inhalation technique in patients with chronic respiratory disease
Introduction: Pulmonary rehabilitation programs must include educational activities focused on the acquisition of necessary knowledge and skills to control the disease and approach treatment appropriately. Objective: To analyze treatment adherence and inhalation technique in patients referred to pulmonary rehabilitation program of Fundación Neumológica Colombiana and evaluate changes in them at the end of the outpatient program. Methodology: Pretest – posttest design in patients older than 18 years. The inhalation technique was assessed using the EDEN scale, and adherence was scored with modified questions from the Morisky medication adherence scale. Results: We analyzed 320 patients. The percentage of patients who used inhalers correctly before starting the rehabilitation program ranged between 9% and 19%; the most common mistake was not exhale the air before starting inhalation. Upon completion of the program the percentage of patients performing a correct inhalation technique ranged between 61% for metered dose inhalers to 83% for dry powder inhalers. Adherence to inhalers before the program was 58%, with neglect and forget being the main reasons encountered. It improved in 86% of evaluated patients. Conclusion: A small percentage of patients referred to pulmonary rehabilitation program applied the inhalation technique correctly; educational instruction in a pulmonary rehabilitation program improved the technique and adherence to inhalers in a significant percentage of patients.Introducción: Los programas de rehabilitación pulmonar deben incluir actividades educativas encaminadas a que el paciente conozca la enfermedad y reciba el adiestramiento que le permita abordar adecuadamente su tratamiento. Objetivo: Analizar la adherencia y la técnica inhalatoria en pacientes remitidos al programa de rehabilitación pulmonar de la Fundación Neumológica Colombiana y evaluar los cambios que se presentaron en éstas al finalizar el programa ambulatorio. Metodología: Estudio no experimental preprueba postprueba en pacientes mayores de 18 años. Se calificó la técnica inhalatoria utilizando la escala EDEN y la adherencia utilizando preguntas adaptadas de la escala de adherencia a la medicación de Morisky. Resultados: Se analizaron 320 pacientes; el orcentaje de pacientes que utilizaba correctamente los dispositivos inhalados al iniciar el programa de rehabilitación osciló entre 9% y19%; el error más común en todos los dispositivos fue no expulsar el aire antes de iniciar la inhalación. Después del programa de rehabilitación el porcentaje de pacientes que empleaban una técnica inhalatoria correcta fue en promedio 61% para inhaladores de dosis medida y 83% para dispositivos de polvo seco. La adherencia a los inhaladores antes del programa fue 58%, siendo descuido y olvido las principales razones que explican la no adherencia. Al finalizar el programa 86% de los pacientes eran adherentes. Conclusiones: Un porcentaje bajo de pacientes remitidos al programa de rehabilitación pulmonar aplicaba correctamente la técnica, la instrucción educativa dentro de un programa de rehabilitación pulmonar mejoró la técnica y la adherencia a los inhaladores en un porcentaje importante de pacientes. 
Result of a pulmonary rehabilitation program on adherence and inhalation technique in patients with chronic respiratory disease
Introduction: Pulmonary rehabilitation programs must include educational activities focused on the acquisition of necessary knowledge and skills to control the disease and approach treatment appropriately. Objective: To analyze treatment adherence and inhalation technique in patients referred to pulmonary rehabilitation program of Fundación Neumológica Colombiana and evaluate changes in them at the end of the outpatient program. Methodology: Pretest – posttest design in patients older than 18 years. The inhalation technique was assessed using the EDEN scale, and adherence was scored with modified questions from the Morisky medication adherence scale. Results: We analyzed 320 patients. The percentage of patients who used inhalers correctly before starting the rehabilitation program ranged between 9% and 19%; the most common mistake was not exhale the air before starting inhalation. Upon completion of the program the percentage of patients performing a correct inhalation technique ranged between 61% for metered dose inhalers to 83% for dry powder inhalers. Adherence to inhalers before the program was 58%, with neglect and forget being the main reasons encountered. It improved in 86% of evaluated patients. Conclusion: A small percentage of patients referred to pulmonary rehabilitation program applied the inhalation technique correctly; educational instruction in a pulmonary rehabilitation program improved the technique and adherence to inhalers in a significant percentage of patients.Introducción: Los programas de rehabilitación pulmonar deben incluir actividades educativas encaminadas a que el paciente conozca la enfermedad y reciba el adiestramiento que le permita abordar adecuadamente su tratamiento. Objetivo: Analizar la adherencia y la técnica inhalatoria en pacientes remitidos al programa de rehabilitación pulmonar de la Fundación Neumológica Colombiana y evaluar los cambios que se presentaron en éstas al finalizar el programa ambulatorio. Metodología: Estudio no experimental preprueba postprueba en pacientes mayores de 18 años. Se calificó la técnica inhalatoria utilizando la escala EDEN y la adherencia utilizando preguntas adaptadas de la escala de adherencia a la medicación de Morisky. Resultados: Se analizaron 320 pacientes; el orcentaje de pacientes que utilizaba correctamente los dispositivos inhalados al iniciar el programa de rehabilitación osciló entre 9% y19%; el error más común en todos los dispositivos fue no expulsar el aire antes de iniciar la inhalación. Después del programa de rehabilitación el porcentaje de pacientes que empleaban una técnica inhalatoria correcta fue en promedio 61% para inhaladores de dosis medida y 83% para dispositivos de polvo seco. La adherencia a los inhaladores antes del programa fue 58%, siendo descuido y olvido las principales razones que explican la no adherencia. Al finalizar el programa 86% de los pacientes eran adherentes. Conclusiones: Un porcentaje bajo de pacientes remitidos al programa de rehabilitación pulmonar aplicaba correctamente la técnica, la instrucción educativa dentro de un programa de rehabilitación pulmonar mejoró la técnica y la adherencia a los inhaladores en un porcentaje importante de pacientes. 
Result of a pulmonary rehabilitation program on adherence and inhalation technique in patients with chronic respiratory disease
Introducción: Los programas de rehabilitación pulmonar deben incluir actividades educativas encaminadas a que el paciente conozca la enfermedad y reciba el adiestramiento que le permita abordar adecuadamente su tratamiento. Objetivo: Analizar la adherencia y la técnica inhalatoria en pacientes remitidos al programa de rehabilitación pulmonar de la Fundación Neumológica Colombiana y evaluar los cambios que se presentaron en éstas al finalizar el programa ambulatorio. Metodología: Estudio no experimental preprueba postprueba en pacientes mayores de 18 años. Se calificó la técnica inhalatoria utilizando la escala EDEN y la adherencia utilizando preguntas adaptadas de la escala de adherencia a la medicación de Morisky. Resultados: Se analizaron 320 pacientes; el porcentaje de pacientes que utilizaba correctamente los dispositivos inhalados al iniciar el programa de rehabilitación osciló entre 9% y19%; el error más común en todos los dispositivos fue no expulsar el aire antes de iniciar la inhalación. Después del programa de rehabilitación el porcentaje de pacientes que empleaban una técnica inhalatoria correcta fue en promedio 61% para inhaladores de dosis medida y 83% para dispositivos de polvo seco. La adherencia a los inhaladores antes del programa fue 58%, siendo descuido y olvido las principales razones que explican la no adherencia. Al finalizar el programa 86% de los pacientes eran adherentes. Conclusiones: Un porcentaje bajo de pacientes remitidos al programa de rehabilitación pulmonar aplicaba correctamente la técnica inhalatoria, la instrucción educativa dentro de un programa de rehabilitación pulmonar mejoró la técnica y la adherencia a los inhaladores en un porcentaje importante de pacientes.Introduction: Pulmonary rehabilitation programs must include educational activities focused on the acquisition of necessary knowledge and skills to control the disease and approach treatment appropriately. Objective: To analyze treatment adherence and inhalation technique in patients referred to pulmonary rehabilitation program of Fundación Neumológica Colombiana and evaluate changes in them at the end of the outpatient program. Methodology: Pretest - posttest design in patients older than 18 years. The inhalation technique was assessed using the EDEN scale, and adherence was scored with modified questions from the Morisky medication adherence scale. Results: We analyzed 320 patients. The percentage of patients who used inhalers correctly before starting the rehabilitation program ranged between 9% and 19%; the most common mistake was not exhale the air before starting inhalation. Upon completion of the program the percentage of patients performing a correct inhalation technique ranged between 61% for metered dose inhalers to 83% for dry powder inhalers. Adherence to inhalers before the program was 58%, with neglect and forget being the main reasons encountered. It improved in 86% of evaluated patients. Conclusion: A small percentage of patients referred to pulmonary rehabilitation program applied the inhalation technique correctly; educational instruction in a pulmonary rehabilitation program improved the technique and adherence to inhalers in a significant percentage of patients
The molecular basis and biologic significance of the β-dystroglycan-emerin interaction
β-dystroglycan (β-DG) assembles with lamins A/C and B1 and emerin at the nuclear envelope (NE) to maintain proper nuclear architecture and function. To provide insight into the nuclear function of β-DG, we characterized the interaction between β-DG and emerin at the molecular level. Emerin is a major NE protein that regulates multiple nuclear processes and whose deficiency results in Emery–Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD). Using truncated variants of β-DG and emerin, via a series of in vitro and in vivo binding experiments and a tailored computational analysis, we determined that the β-DG–emerin interaction is mediated at least in part by their respective transmembrane domains (TM). Using surface plasmon resonance assays we showed that emerin binds to β-DG with high affinity (KD in the nanomolar range). Remarkably, the analysis of cells in which DG was knocked out demonstrated that loss of β-DG resulted in a decreased emerin stability and impairment of emerin-mediated processes. β-DG and emerin are reciprocally required for their optimal targeting within the NE, as shown by immunofluorescence, western blotting and immunoprecipitation assays using emerin variants with mutations in the TM domain and B-lymphocytes of a patient with EDMD. In summary, we demonstrated that β-DG plays a role as an emerin interacting partner modulating its stability and function
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