Contribution of Muslim scientists to the world: an overview of some selected fields

Islam has its own golden history almost in every sectors of knowledge. The main theological doctrine of Islam, Al Quran also gives the utmost emphasize on pursuing knowledge. Muslim scholars from the past were very much aware of this instruction given by Allah s.w.t and they were very much captivated onto that. They developed many ideas and theories in the field of knowledge. This paper will try to shed a light on few works that have been carried out by the Muslim scholars. However, it focuses on the contributions of Muslim scholars in Mathematics, Physics and Medicine only. This paper will also promote Islamization of Knowledge and its necessity for solving current Muslim world’s educational problems. It is also hoped that, by remembering all those Muslim heroes and their contributions, contemporary Muslim societies, scholars will be inspired

Contributions of mosques towards building Malay society: a case study on Masjid Wilayah Persekutuan, Kuala Lumpur

Malaysia is a country which is known for the heavy Islamic moral values presence in its culture and traditions. Mosques in Malaysia are well known for their beauty and captivating architecture. At the same time, the history of Islamic civilization is closely linked to the mosque, as it is the main centre for spreading the Islamic culture and knowledge everywhere in the world. This is my pleasure to write a paper on “Contributions of Mosques towards Building Malay Society: a case study on Masjid Wilayah Persekutuan, Kuala Lumpur”, which is not only the land mark of Kuala Lumpur, but it is also a structural marvel that become a pride of the Islamic world with its beautiful and unique architectural features. While I was writing this paper, I met so many officials of this beautiful Mosque. Officials of the Masjid Wilayah are so helpful and informative as it helped me a lot to collect the information’s about the mosque, some of are namely; Ustaz Zakariah Isa, chief Imam of Masjid Wilayah, Ustaz Abdul Haleem Zakaria, Imam of Masjid Wilayah, Brother Uthman Mustafa, Director of Jakim, Brother Dato Che Mat, Chairman of Jawi, Ustazah Umme Kulsoom Principal of Masjid Wilayah School, Ustazah Fathiyyah binti A.Rahman, Senior Assistant Director. I surprised when I was informed from the officials that, this mosque is not only a Mosque but a complete world of services and facilities under the name of Masjid Wilayah Persekutuan, which is busy day and night in building the Malay society. Some facilities are: 1.Friday congregations, 2. Morning speech, Zohor speech, 3. Qur’an class, 4. Fiqh class, 5.Arabic class, 6. Qiyam-ul-Lail, 7. Hospital’s visit program, 8. Program for single mother, 9.Complete school program, 10. Nursery program, 11. School holidays program for youth, 12.Basic religious teaching program, 13. Health program, 14. Cooking class, 15. Flower making class, 16.Aerobic class (fitness class), 17. Blood donation program, 18. Iftar program and Sohur program, 19. Eid-ul-Adha cow slaughtering program, 20. Friday Bazar, 21.Funeral preparation program. With this note, I would like to thank from my heart to the organizers of the International conference on Islamic Civilization and Malay Identity 2011(ICICMI 2011) who allowed me to present this paper. I hope this study will be an informative reference for the people who want to know about services of Masjid Wilayah and its features

Contribution of Muslim Scientists to the world: an overview of some selected fields

The Qur’Én which is the foundation of Islamic teachings gives the utmost emphasize on pursuing knowledge. Muslim scholars from the past were very much aware of this instruction given by Allah (s. w. t.) and they were very captivated by it. They developed many ideas and theories in the field of knowledge. This paper will try to shed somelight on a few works that have been carried out by Muslim scholars. However, it focuses on the contributions of Muslim scholars in Mathematics, Physics and Medicine only.It is hoped that, by remembering all those Muslim heroes and their contributions; contemporary Muslim societies, particularly muslim scholars will be inspired

أثر الدعوة فى إصلاح المجتمعات الإنسانية في ضوء السنة

ملخّص البحث الحمد لله رب العالمين والصلاة والسلام على سيدنا محمد وعلى آله وأصحابه أجمعين وبعد، فإن دعوة سيّدنا محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم وسيرته المباركة دعوة كاملة باقية، وسيرة جامعة شاملة، لا ينقص منها شيء يتعلق بإصلاح المجتمعات الإنسانية وفائدتها، ولا ينتهي هذا الإصلاح المبارك بانتهاء القرون والأجيال، بل هو يشمل جميع جوانب الحياة وأمورها، ويحتوي على كافّة أحوالها وظروفها، من زمان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم إلى يومنا هذا. والأحاديث الواردة في بيان طريق إصلاح الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم والدعوة إليه، وقيامه بتكوين بيئة صالحة تدلّ على أنه قائم على أساس الربط بين العبد والرب، والعلاقة بين الفرد والمجتمع، فالعبد الذي لايعرف ربه ويجهل عظمة شأنه حرم من الخير والكرامة، والفرد الذي لايمشي مع المجتمع ولايقدر له احترامه لا يأتي بخير ينتفع به. إن بحثنا هذا "أثرالدعوة فى إصلاح المجتمعات الإنسانية في ضوء السنة"، يتجمع في نقاط ثلاثة كما تلي : النقطة الأولى : مفهوم الإصلاح وأثره في التربية، النقطة الثانية : مكانة الفرد المسلم في المجتمع الإسلامي، وأثره في تكوينه والحفاظ عليه، النقطة الثالثة : أهمية المجتمع الإنساني في حياة الفرد المسلم وآثاره في تربيته وتكوين شخصيته. والله تبارك وتعالى هو الموفّق والمعين

لمحات التربية العقدية في التفسير المظهري للقاضي ثناء الله الباني نتي (Lamhat al-tarbiyah al-'aqdiyah fi Tafsir al-Mazhari lil-Qadi Thana' Allah al-Bani Bati)

يحاول هذا البحث بيان منهج القرآن الكريم في التربية العقدية الإسلامية، من خلال كتاب "التفسير المظهري" للإمام القاضي ثناء الله المظهري الپاني پتي -رحمه الله تعالى-، ويتناول لمحاته من تربية الإنسان عقيدة التوحيد، والرسالة والنبوة، والقضاء والقدر، بتقديم نماذج من كلامه في كل منه

المحدث الكبير محمدد انور شاه الكشميري ومنهجه في شرح الحديث (al-Muhaddath al-kabir Muhammad Anwar Shah al-Kashmiri wa-manhajuhu fi sharh al-hadith)

يهدف هذا البحث إلى إبراز منهج الإمام محمد أنور شاه الكشميري في شرح الحديث الشريف، الذى أفنى حياته في خدمته، فبرع فيه، وفي الرجال والعلل، وهو صاحب آراء وترجيحات كثيرة، مما دفعني إلى أن اكتب في منهجه في شرح الحديث الشريف أثناء دروسه وكتاباته المشهورة

Morphophysiological Responses of Oat (Avena sativa L.) Genotypes from Pakistan’s Semiarid Regions to Salt Stress

Soil salinity is a major constraint to modern agriculture, with around 20% of the previously irrigated area becoming salt affected. Identifying suitable salt stress-tolerant genotypes based on their agronomic and physiological traits remains a herculean challenge in forage-type Oat (Avena sativa L.) breeding. The present study was designed to investigate the response of oat crop plants against the salt (NaCl) stress in Mardan, Pakistan. The experiment was carried out in complete randomized design (CRD) with two factors trail comprising of the performance of four different genotypes of oat (NARC oat, PARC oat, Green Gold and Islamabad oat) in response to four levels of saline stress (0, 25, 50 and 75 mmol L-1 NaCl). Plant growth and physiological parameters including germination (G, %); fresh shoot weight (FSW, g); fresh root weight (FRW, g); chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b, total chlorophyll, and total carotenoids were analyzed for identifying salt tolerance. Germination (%) of oat genotypes was negatively affected by higher salt stress. Mean values showed that maximum germination (57.5%) was recorded for control while minimum germination (48.75%) was recorded for 25 mmol L-1 NaCl and that maximum germination (58%) was recorded for PARC oat. The root and shoot fresh weight of all genotypes declined with increasing salt stress, while NARC and Green Gold oat showed considerably higher values than the other genotypes. Although chlorophyll and carotenoids were found to be negatively affected by increasing salt concentrations, NARC and Green Gold oat genotypes performed considerably better at 75 mmol L-1 NaCl when compared to the other genotypes. Based on the mean shoot dry weight ratio ± one standard error, the four Oat genotypes were categorized as salt-tolerant (Green Gold), moderately tolerant (PARC and NARC), and salt-sensitive (Islamabad). The more salt-tolerant genotype (Green Gold) demonstrated relatively high salinity tolerance and may be useful for developing high-yielding oat hybrids in future breeding programs under salt stress conditions

Man and creativity: a contrastive analysis between Western and Islamic psychologies

Among all creations of God living in this planet, man is the most intelligent, innovative and creative. Imbued with these qualities, man was able to plan, create and recreate new things using the resources available in the environment. Man’s position as God’s best creation and as the recipient of the creative intelligence from his Creator has further advanced him in mastering science and technology. As a result of his advancement in knowledge and science in one way or another has ushered man into creating great civilizations. While the discussion goes on as to whether man’s creativity is an inborn or a learned behaviour, this paper intends to explore and analyze some of the existing concepts on human creativity found in Western and Islamic psychologies. Very particularly, the researchers would like to examine the concept of creativity put forward by Freudian Psychoanalysis, Behaviorists, Humanistic and Islamic psychologies. It is expected that the findings of this research can motivate mankind to be more dynamic and productive in bringing upon the much needed positive change to the present world conditions

Supervised treatment in outpatients for schizophrenia plus (STOPS+): protocol for a cluster randomised trial of a community-based intervention to improve treatment adherence and reduce the treatment gap for schizophrenia in Pakistan

Introduction There is a significant treatment gap, with only a few community-based services for people with schizophrenia in low-income and middle-income countries. Poor treatment adherence in schizophrenia is associated with poorer health outcomes, suicide attempts and death. We previously reported the effectiveness of supervised treatment in outpatients for schizophrenia (STOPS) for improving treatment adherence in patients with schizophrenia. However, STOPS was evaluated in a tertiary care setting with no primary care involvement, limiting its generalisability to the wider at-risk population. We aim to evaluate the effectiveness of STOPS+ in scaling up the primary care treatment of schizophrenia to a real-world setting. Methods and analysis The effectiveness of the STOPS+ intervention in improving the level of functioning and medication adherence in patients with schizophrenia in Pakistan will be evaluated using a cluster randomised controlled trial design. We aim to recruit 526 participants from 24 primary healthcare centres randomly allocated in 1:1 ratio to STOPS+ intervention and enhanced treatment as usual arms. Participants will be followed-up for 12 months postrecruitment. The sample size is estimated for two outcomes (1) the primary clinical outcome is level of functioning, measured using the Global Assessment of Functioning scale and (2) the primary process outcome is adherence to treatment regimen measured using a validated measure. An intention-to-treat approach will be used for the primary analysis. Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval has been obtained from Keele University Ethical Review Panel (ref: MH-190017) and Khyber Medical University Ethical Review Board (ref: DIR-KMU-EB/ST/000648). The results of the STOPS+ trial will be reported in peer-reviewed journals and academic conferences and disseminated to local stakeholders and policymakers

Effects of a high-dose 24-h infusion of tranexamic acid on death and thromboembolic events in patients with acute gastrointestinal bleeding (HALT-IT): an international randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Background: Tranexamic acid reduces surgical bleeding and reduces death due to bleeding in patients with trauma. Meta-analyses of small trials show that tranexamic acid might decrease deaths from gastrointestinal bleeding. We aimed to assess the effects of tranexamic acid in patients with gastrointestinal bleeding. Methods: We did an international, multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled trial in 164 hospitals in 15 countries. Patients were enrolled if the responsible clinician was uncertain whether to use tranexamic acid, were aged above the minimum age considered an adult in their country (either aged 16 years and older or aged 18 years and older), and had significant (defined as at risk of bleeding to death) upper or lower gastrointestinal bleeding. Patients were randomly assigned by selection of a numbered treatment pack from a box containing eight packs that were identical apart from the pack number. Patients received either a loading dose of 1 g tranexamic acid, which was added to 100 mL infusion bag of 0·9% sodium chloride and infused by slow intravenous injection over 10 min, followed by a maintenance dose of 3 g tranexamic acid added to 1 L of any isotonic intravenous solution and infused at 125 mg/h for 24 h, or placebo (sodium chloride 0·9%). Patients, caregivers, and those assessing outcomes were masked to allocation. The primary outcome was death due to bleeding within 5 days of randomisation; analysis excluded patients who received neither dose of the allocated treatment and those for whom outcome data on death were unavailable. This trial was registered with Current Controlled Trials, ISRCTN11225767, and ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01658124. Findings: Between July 4, 2013, and June 21, 2019, we randomly allocated 12 009 patients to receive tranexamic acid (5994, 49·9%) or matching placebo (6015, 50·1%), of whom 11 952 (99·5%) received the first dose of the allocated treatment. Death due to bleeding within 5 days of randomisation occurred in 222 (4%) of 5956 patients in the tranexamic acid group and in 226 (4%) of 5981 patients in the placebo group (risk ratio [RR] 0·99, 95% CI 0·82–1·18). Arterial thromboembolic events (myocardial infarction or stroke) were similar in the tranexamic acid group and placebo group (42 [0·7%] of 5952 vs 46 [0·8%] of 5977; 0·92; 0·60 to 1·39). Venous thromboembolic events (deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism) were higher in tranexamic acid group than in the placebo group (48 [0·8%] of 5952 vs 26 [0·4%] of 5977; RR 1·85; 95% CI 1·15 to 2·98). Interpretation: We found that tranexamic acid did not reduce death from gastrointestinal bleeding. On the basis of our results, tranexamic acid should not be used for the treatment of gastrointestinal bleeding outside the context of a randomised trial