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148 pagine 13x20 cm 15,00 € acquista €15,00 Quant.: Ambrogio Cozzi, Franco Lolli L’umano fuori asse La disabilità intellettiva nella teoria e nella pratica psicoanalitica Per quanto si cerchi spesso di inquadrarlo in una logica di tipo meramente funzionale, l’handicap psichico o mentale, soprattutto quello grave, non può fare a meno di rivelarsi allo sguardo e alla sensibilità di chi vi si accosta come una ferita profonda, insanabile, al cuore stesso dell’essere del singolo individuo. La donna e l’uomo che, come si usa dire, sono portatori di un handicap appaiono schiacciati da un fardello troppo gravoso da sostenere senza che la soggettività ne sia fortemente compromessa e invalidata. […] Affrontare la questione della disabilità intellettiva orientati da una riflessione psicoanalitica vuol dire porsi un interrogativo fondamentale – generalmente eluso – sull’esistenza dell’inconscio (o, per essere più precisi, sulle forme particolari che esso può assumere) in persone che sono, in maniera più o meno grave, compromesse dal punto di vista intellettivo e cognitivo. […] La disabilità intellettiva ci obbliga a fare i conti con una condizione dell’umano che è, assai spesso, ritenuta ai limiti dell’umanità stessa: includere queste esistenze speciali e bizzarre nel registro dell’umano è il nostro compito. Humana materia è il titolo che abbiamo voluto attribuire a questa collana proprio per ribadire che, per quanto gravi le condizioni del disabile intellettivo possano essere (o apparire), è di materia umana che egli è fatto, di materia significante, di materia sensibile alla parola, di materia plasmata dal linguaggio

HOW DO WE IDENTIFY MICRONYCTERIS (SCHIZONYCETRIS) SANBORNI SIMMONS, 1996 (CHIROPTERA, PHYLLOSTOMIDAE) RELIABLY AND WHERE WE CAN FIND THIS SPECIES IN BRAZIL?

Micronycteris is divided into four subgenera, Micronycteris, Leuconycteris, Xenoctenes, and Schizonycteris. The latter includes Micronycteris (Schizonycteris) minuta, Micronycteris (S.) schmidtorum, Micronycteris (S.) sanborni and Micronycteris (S.) yatesi. Little is known of the biology of M. (S.) sanborni, which is widely distributed in the dry forests of South America, but is known from only few sites. The scarcity of records of M. sanborni appears to be at least partly related to the difficulty of differentiating this species from the other members of the subgenus Schizonycteris. The present study identifies the key traits that distinguish this species from other Schizonycteris, reviews the geographic distribution of the species, and presents some notes on breeding patterns. Six new localities are presented for M. sanborni, and are analyzed together with those available in the literature, providing new insights into ecological and zoogeographic patterns. A number of the diagnostic features established by Simmons (1996) in the description of M. sanborni proved to have little taxonomic value, especially for the differentiation of M. minuta and M. yatesi, which it closely resembles. The primary external difference is the pure white color of the ventral pelage and the proportion of the white base (2/3-4/5) of the dorsal hair in M. sanborni, in contrast with dirty white or pale gray and a much shorter white base of the dorsal hair in the other species. A number of cranial traits are also important. The distributional data now indicate that M. sanborni occurs mainly in mesic and open areas, including disturbed habitats, in the Caatinga scrublands and the Cerrado savannas of northeastern Brazil, especially in areas with rocky outcrops. Micronycteris sanborni appears to be monoestrous, with births coinciding with the rainy season.Micronycteris está dividido em quatro subgêneros, Micronycteris, Leuconycteris, Xenoctenes e Schizonycteris. Este último inclui Micronycteris (Schizonycteris) minuta, Micronycteris (S.) schmidtorum, Micronycteris (S.) sanborni e Micronycteris (S.) yatesi. Atualmente pouco se sabe sobre a biologia de M. (S.) sanborni, a qual é amplamente distribuída pelas florestas secas da América do Sul, apesar de ser conhecida de apenas poucas localidades. A escassez de registros de M. sanborni parece está parcialmente relacionado a dificuldade de diferenciar esta espécie de outros membros do subgênero Schizonycteris. Dessa forma, o presente estudo visa identificar as características diagnósticas que distingue esta espécie dos outros Schizonycteris, revisar a distribuição geográfica dessa espécie e apresentar comentários sobre o seu padrão reprodutivo. Seis novas localidades são apresentadas aqui para M. sanborni e, juntas com as outras disponíveis na literatura, foram analisadas fornecendo novas abordagens sobre o padrão ecológico e zoogeográfico dessa espécie. Várias características diagnósticas estabelecidas por Simmones (1996) na descrição de M. sanborni mostraram-se de pouco valor taxonômico, especialmente para a diferenciação entre M. minuta e M. yatesi, das quais mais se assemelha. As principais diferenças externas são a coloração branco pura do ventre e a proporção da base branca (2/3-4/5) do pelo dorsal em M. sanborni, em contraste com a coloração branco sujo ou acinzentado e a base dorsal branca muito mais curta das outras espécies. Outras características cranianas mostraram-se também importantes para a diferenciação. Os dados de distribuição levantados indicam que M. sanborni ocorre principalmente em áreas mésicas e abertas, incluindo ambientes alterados, na Caatinga arbustiva e nas savanas do Cerrado do nordeste do Brasil, especialmente em áreas com afloramentos rochosos. Micronycteris sanborni parece ser monoéstrico, com os nascimentos coincidindo com a estação chuvosa

60PV Related Lesions in HIV Positive Subjects on HAART: Study of Viral Markers of Cervical Neoplasia Progression

Methods HIV pos women (N = 410) were followed since 1995 in a longitudinal study. Each one undergo periodic (6–12 months) colposcopy, PAP smear, biopsy if needed, and cervical sampling for HPV testing. HIV related parameters (CD4, HIV-RNA, ART) are recorded and related to cervical disease. HPV typing is performed by reverse hybridisation assays, viral load by in-house real time PCR and viral expression by E6/E7 mRNA detection. The Mann-Whitney rank sum test for non-parametric data and the association between discrete variables by Chi-square test of Fisher exact test were applied

Gait-Based Diplegia Classification Using LSMT Networks

Diplegia is a specific subcategory of the wide spectrum of motion disorders gathered under the name of cerebral palsy. Recent works proposed to use gait analysis for diplegia classification paving the way for automated analysis. A clinically established gait-based classification system divides diplegic patients into 4 main forms, each one associated with a peculiar walking pattern. In this work, we apply two different deep learning techniques, namely, multilayer perceptron and recurrent neural networks, to automatically classify children into the 4 clinical forms. For the analysis, we used a dataset comprising gait data of 174 patients collected by means of an optoelectronic system. The measurements describing walking patterns have been processed to extract 27 angular parameters and then used to train both kinds of neural networks. Classification results are comparable with those provided by experts in 3 out of 4 forms

Body, gender and sexuality in indiscipline records

This article is the result of a research realized in the Pedagogical Actions Department in Juiz de Fora Education Secretary Office. Working with the records from 2007 to 2009, we will center our analysis in the cases in which the body, gender and sexuality interact with 'indiscipline'. Understanding these categories as discursive and historical constructions, we are purposing to think the constructions mechanisms through what is faced and happened at school. In this way, it is the Post-structuralism perspective, mainly the contributions by Michel Foucault, that will be our theoretical-methodological basis.Este artigo é resultado de uma pesquisa realizada no Departamento de Ações Pedagógicas da Secretaria de Educação de Juiz de Fora. Trabalhando com os registros feitos entre 2007 e 2009, vamos centralizar nossas análises nos casos em que o corpo, o gênero e a sexualidade interagem com as indisciplinas. Entendendo essas categorias como construções discursivas e históricas, estamos propondo pensar os mecanismos de sua construção através dos enfrentamentos que ocorrem na escola. Desse modo, é na perspectiva Pós-estruturalista, sobretudo nas contribuições de Michel Foucault que estará nosso embasamento teórico-metodológico

Body, gender and sexuality in indiscipline records

This article is the result of a research realized in the Pedagogical Actions Department in Juiz de Fora Education Secretary Office. Working with the records from 2007 to 2009, we will center our analysis in the cases in which the body, gender and sexuality interact with 'indiscipline'. Understanding these categories as discursive and historical constructions, we are purposing to think the constructions mechanisms through what is faced and happened at school. In this way, it is the Post-structuralism perspective, mainly the contributions by Michel Foucault, that will be our theoretical-methodological basis.Este artigo é resultado de uma pesquisa realizada no Departamento de Ações Pedagógicas da Secretaria de Educação de Juiz de Fora. Trabalhando com os registros feitos entre 2007 e 2009, vamos centralizar nossas análises nos casos em que o corpo, o gênero e a sexualidade interagem com as indisciplinas. Entendendo essas categorias como construções discursivas e históricas, estamos propondo pensar os mecanismos de sua construção através dos enfrentamentos que ocorrem na escola. Desse modo, é na perspectiva Pós-estruturalista, sobretudo nas contribuições de Michel Foucault que estará nosso embasamento teórico-metodológico

Explicit Motor Imagery for Grasping Actions in Children With Spastic Unilateral Cerebral Palsy

Background: Motor Imagery (MI) refers to mental simulation of a motor action without producing any overt movement. Previous studies showed that children with Unilateral Cerebral Palsy (UCP) are impaired in implicit MI, as demonstrated by the performance of Hand Laterality Judgment tasks. The aim of this study was to examine the specificity of explicit MI deficits in UCP children.Methods: A group of UCP children (n = 10; aged 9-14) performed a mental chronometry task consisting in grasping an object and placing it into a container, or in imagining to perform the same action. As control, a group of typically developing (TD) children, matched by age, performed the same task. Movement durations for executed and imagined trials were recorded. A subgroup of 7 UCP children and 10 TD children also underwent a session of functional MRI to examine the activation of parieto-frontal areas typically associated to MI processes, during the imagination of reaching-grasping actions performed with the paretic hand.Results: Behavioral results revealed the existence of a correlation between executed and imaginedmovement durations both in TD and UCP groups. Moreover, the regression analysis in TD children showed that higher scores in mental chronometry tasks were positively correlated to increased bilateral activation of the intraparietal sulcus (IPS), superior parietal lobule (SPL), and dorsal premotor (PMd) cortex. A similar analysis revealed in the UCP group a positive correlation between a higher score in the mental chronometry task and bilateral activations of IPS, and to activation of contralesional, right PMd, and putamen during imagination of grasping movements.Conclusions: These results provide new insights on the relationship between MI capacity and motor deficits in UCP children, suggesting the possibility of the use of explicit MI training to improve patient's upper limb motor functions

Reorganization of the Action Observation Network and Sensory-Motor System in Children with Unilateral Cerebral Palsy: An fMRI Study

Little is known about the action observation network (AON) in children with unilateral cerebral palsy (UCP). Using fMRI, we aimed to explore AON and sensory-motor network (SMN) in UCP children and compare them to typically developed (TD) children and analyse the relationship between AON (re-)organization and several neurophysiological and clinical measures. Twelve UCP children were assessed with clinical scales and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). For the fMRI study, they underwent a paradigm based on observation of complex and simple object-manipulation tasks executed by dominant and nondominant hand. Moreover, UCP and TD children carried out a further fMRI session to explore SMN in both an active motor and passive sensory task. AON in the UCP group showed higher lateralization, negatively related to performances on clinical scales, and had greater activation of unaffected hemisphere as compared to the bilateral representation in the TD group. In addition, a good congruence was found between bilateral or contralateral activation of AON and activation of SMN and TMS data. These findings indicate that our paradigm might be useful in exploring AON and the response to therapy in UCP subjects

Upper limb children action-observation training (UP-CAT): a randomised controlled trial in Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy

BACKGROUND: Rehabilitation for children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy (HCP) aimed to improve function of the impaired upper limb (UL) uses a wide range of intervention programs. A new rehabilitative approach, called Action-Observation Therapy, based on the recent discovery of mirror neurons, has been used in adult stroke but not in children. The purpose of the present study is to design a randomised controlled trial (RCT) for evaluating the efficacy of Action-Observation Therapy in improving UL activity in children with HCP.METHODS/DESIGN: The trial is designed according to CONSORT Statement. It is a randomised, evaluator-blinded, match-pair group trial. Children with HCP will be randomised within pairs to either experimental or control group. The experimental group will perform an Action-Observation Therapy, called UP-CAT (Upper Limb-Children Action-Observation Training) in which they will watch video sequences showing goal-directed actions, chosen according to children UL functional level, combined with motor training with their hemiplegic UL. The control group will perform the same tailored actions after watching computer games. A careful revision of psychometric properties of UL outcome measures for children with hemiplegia was performed. Assisting Hand Assessment was chosen as primary measure and, based on its calculation power, a sample size of 12 matched pairs was established. Moreover, Melbourne and ABILHAND-Kids were included as secondary measures. The time line of assessments will be T0 (in the week preceding the onset of the treatment), T1 and T2 (in the week after the end of the treatment and 8 weeks later, respectively). A further assessment will be performed at T3 (24 weeks after T1), to evaluate the retention of effects. In a subgroup of children enrolled in both groups functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, exploring the mirror system and sensory-motor function, will be performed at T0, T1 and T2.DISCUSSION: The paper aims to describe the methodology of a RCT for evaluating the efficacy of Action-Observation Therapy in improving UL activity in children with hemiplegia. This study will be the first to test this new type of treatment in childhood. The paper presents the theoretical background, study hypotheses, outcome measures and trial methodology