Pelaksanaan Sistem Kaderisasi Partai Golkar di Kota Pekanbarun Tahun 2011-2013

This research is motivated by lex number 2 of 2011 about politic party, containing about forming of cadres as one of prereqruiment to legal politic party. Golkar Party is mass party and has 30 years on Indonesian politic. Party Golkar dominate has spread to all Indonesian region. However, in recent years a decline in the number of cadres, specially in Pekanbaru City.This qualitative research with indepht interview and documentation as data collection techniques. This research armed to explain forming of cadres implementate on Golkar Party in Pekanbaru 2011-2013. The theory used Political Party theory, Political education and forming of cadres system. Forming of cadres system is necessary for Political Party, cause forming or cadres is process to made human resources to be responsible leader.The result is, Golkar Party in Pekanbaru has not be able to implement forming of cadres as well. In 2011-2013, Golkar Party in Pekanbaru only do one education and training in 2013, that is orientation of fungsionaris. Education and traning carrie out least once a year. Consolidation is other of forming of cadres activity. Consolidation is also held once on 2012, which is this activity not appropriate to the concept. Whereas, in 2011 nothing forming of cadres activity undertaken .Keyword: Golkar, Political Party, Forming of cadre

Levothyroxine effects on depressive symptoms and limbic glucose metabolism in bipolar disorder: a randomized, placebo-controlled positron emission tomography study.

Adding supraphysiologic doses of levothyroxine (L-T4) to standard treatment for bipolar depression shows promise, but the mechanisms underlying clinical improvement are unknown. In a previous pilot study, L-T4 treatment reduced depression scores and activity within the anterior limbic network. Here we extended this work in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of patients with bipolar depression. Cerebral glucose metabolism was assessed with positron emission tomography and [F-18]fluorodeoxyglucose before and after 6 weeks of treatment with L-T4 (n=15) or placebo (n=10) in 12 volumes of interest (VOIs): the bilateral thalamus, amygdala, hippocampus, dorsal striatum and ventral striatum, and midline cerebellar vermis and subgenual cingulate cortex. Radioactivity in the VOIs, normalized to whole-brain radioactivity was taken as a surrogate index of glucose metabolism, and markers of thyroid function were assayed. Changes in brain activity and their association with clinical response were assessed using statistical parametric mapping. Adjunctive L-T4 treatment produced a significant decline in depression scores during the 6-week treatment. In patients treated with L-T4, we found a significant decrease in regional activity at P<0.05 after Bonferroni correction in the left thalamus, right amygdala, right hippocampus, left ventral striatum and the right dorsal striatum. Decreases in the left thalamus, left dorsal striatum and the subgenual cingulate were correlated with a reduction in depression scores (P<0.05 after Bonferroni correction). Placebo treatment was associated with a significant decrease in activity only in the right amygdala, and no region had a change in activity that was correlated with change in depression scores. The groups differed significantly in the relationship between the changes in depression scores and in activity in the thalamus bilaterally and the left ventral striatum. The findings provide evidence that administration of supraphysiologic thyroid hormone improves depressive symptoms in patients with bipolar disorder by modulating function in components of the anterior limbic network

Legal Study of Building Sharia-based Investment in Aceh: The Challenges After the Enactment of the Qanun of Sharia Financial Institution

The presence of Aceh Qanun Number 11 of 2018 concerning Sharia Financial Institution (SFI) is an important breakthrough in building a Sharia-based economy in Aceh. This goes hand in hand with Aceh's privileges in implementing Islamic law as stipulated in the Aceh Qanun Number 8 of 2014 concerning Principles of Islamic Sharia. Hence, this research aims to scrutinize the challenges in building Sharia-based investments in Aceh after the enactment of the Qanun of SFI. This study was conducted using normative legal methods with statutory and Sharia economic law approaches. The data analyzed are literature and legal rules such as laws, qanuns, books, and articles related to the discussion. The results of this study indicate that there are several challenges occur in building Sharia-based investments in Aceh. Firstly, lack of understanding about SFI Qanun by stakeholders because not all of them have a full understanding of the contents of this Qanun. Secondly, limited access to financial resources that can be used by investors, and business actors to run their businesses. Thirdly, Aceh's low economic growth has resulted in low investors interested to invest in Aceh. This condition has a significant impact on the sustainability of Sharia-based investments in Aceh. Fourthly, inadequate infrastructure especially information technology infrastructure to support the implementation of the Qanun of SFI. Therefore, it is suggested to the Government of Aceh provide a better understanding of the Qanun of SFI at all levels of society. Then,  the government also needs to open access to financial resources for the investors and business actors who want to invest in Aceh. Besides, appropriate measures to increase economic growth in Aceh need to be taken promptly so that incoming investment may increase gradually. Finally, in the context of the Sharia economy, the existence of the LSK qanun is part of legal efforts for the benefit of all financial transactions in Aceh in accordance with Islamic Sharia values

Analisis Yuridis Tanggung Jawab Sosial dan Lingkungan Perusahaan Terhadap Masyarakat Sekitar

Tanggung jawab sosial dan lingkungan perusahaan diatur dalam beberapa peraturan perundang-undangan namun pengaturan tersebut belum ada keseragaman antara satu undang-undang dengan undang-undang lainnya. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalis pengaturan tentang tanggung jawab sosial dan lingkungan perusahaan berdasarkan peraturan perundangan-undangan di Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan untuk penulisan ini adalah metode penelitian yuridis normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui penelitian kepustakaan dengan menganalisis bahan-bahan hukum primer dan sekunder yang relevan dengan permasalahan penelitian. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaturan tentang tanggung jawab sosial dan lingkungan perusahaan terdapat dalam beberapa peraturan Perundang-undangan antara lain Undang-Undang Nomor 25 Tahun 2007 dan Undang-Undang Nomor 25 Tahun 2007. Akan tetapi pengaturan tersebut masih belum seragam sehingga menimbulkan ketidakpastian hukum bagi pelaku usaha. Dampak lainnya yang timbul dari ketidakseragaman ini adalah tidak efektifnya pelaksanaan tanggung jawab sosial dan lingkungan oleh perusahaan. Selanjutnya ketidakseragam pengaturan tersebut juga dapat membuka celah bagi perusahaan untuk menafsirkan tanggung jawab sosial dan lingkungan perusahaan secara tidak tepat dan kurang efektif. Oleh karena itu disarankan agar pemerintah segera menutup celah kekurangan regulasi tersebut dengan membuat aturan baru yang lebih konsisten dan lengkap untuk terciptanya kepastian hukum bagi perusahaan dan bermanfaat bagi masyarakat setempat

The Effectiveness of the Implementation of Customary Fines in Settlement of Seclusion Cases in Banda Aceh

Seclusion (khalwat) is the activity conducted in a quiet place between two individuals of different sex who are not mahram (blood relative) without the legitimate marriage bond and the willingness from both parties, which leads to adultery. Fine is one of the customary penalties given to the perpetrators of khalwat. In practice, implemented of fines between one region and another is different. The study aims to identify the types of adat fines charged to khalwat perpetrators and the effectiveness of implementation on the settlement customary fines in Banda Aceh. It used a juridical-empirical research method. The data used, in addition to primary and secondary legal material, also used an in-depth interview with respondents. The data analyzed using a qualitative descriptive approach. This research conducted in Banda Aceh district. The research results show that the kind of customary fines given to khalwat perpetrators was different. There are even some cases begun to shift, and some considered that being married because of khalwat was considered one of the customary fines. Customary fines are effective in reducing offense of khalwat. However, there are concerns if the decision of the customary fines does not get optimal support from law enforcement officials. Expected, customary official affirmed kind of customary fine given to khalwat perpetrators. The difference subtle, need to consider the aspect of justice, the ability, and effective whereabouts of fines to reduction offense of khalwat