Duties Related to the Performance of Physical Education Teacher to Execute Physical Education Textbook according to Total Quality Criteria

The purpose of this study is to identify the duties related to the performance of physical education teacher to execute physical education textbook according to total quality criteria. The sample of the study consisted of (95) male and female physical education teachers in North-east Badia District schools selected purposefully. To achieve the aim of this study the researcher used the questionnaire which consisted of (25) items describing the duties of the teacher. Data were analyzed through descriptive statistics such as means, standard deviations and Levene's Test for Equality of Variances. The findings of the study showed that the duties related to duties related to the performance of physical education teacher to execute physical education textbook according to total quality criteria were in an average level as the means of the samples’ responses were (2.64: 5.00) as the higher duties were the teacher, administration, assessment and the curriculum. There were no significant statistical differences attributed to gender and experience variables and on the tool as a whole. Based on the findings the researcher presented several recommendations. Keywords: Physical Education Teacher Performance. Total quality Management

The Effect of In-service Training of Computer Science Teachers on Scratch Programming Language Skills Using an Electronic Learning Platform on Programming Skills and the Attitudes towards Teaching Programming

This study was conducted to examine the effect of in-service training of computer science teachers in Scratch language using an electronic learning platform on acquiring programming skills and attitudes towards teaching programming. The sample of this study consisted of 40 middle school computer science teachers. They were assigned into two groups; 20 teachers were in the control group and 20 teachers in the experimental group. The study tools consist of an achievement test in Scratch programming language and a measure of attitudes toward programming instruction. After the experimental treatment at the end of the second semester, the teachers were examined and the results showed that there were statistically significant differences between the achievement test mean scores in favor of the experimental group that trained using an electronic training platform. The results also showed a positive effect on attitudes toward teaching programming for the experimental group

Zur antibakteriellen Wirkung von HealOzone TM: eine In-vitro-Studie

Das Ziel der vorliegenden mikrobiologischen Studie war es, mittels adäquater In-vitro-Modelle der Keimreduktion von Mutans-Streptokokken durch Anwendung von HealOzone™ in Fissuren und auf okklusalen Zahnflächen nachzugehen und weiterhin der Keimreduktion von Streptokokken, Laktobazillen und Aktinomyzeten am Kavitätenboden. In die erste Teilstudie wurden 120 kariesfreie Molaren mit tiefem Retentionsmuster und ausgeprägter Morphologie einbezogen. Nach standardisierter Vorbehandlung wurden die Molaren zunächst in einer feuchten Kammer 5 Tage bei 35 ± 2°C gelagert. Nachfolgend wurden sie in Balmellibouillon eingebracht, die 24 Stunden zuvor mit S. mutans inokuliert wurde und eine CFU von 2,4 x 107 pro ml enthielt. Die Molaren wurden 24 Stunden anaerob (VT 5042EK/N2, Heraeus) bebrütet und danach vier Untersuchungsgruppen zugeteilt: (1) professionelle Zahnreinigung (PZR, Prophyflex 2, KaVo GmbH), (2) Ozonbehandlung, (3) Ozon-Placebo-Behandlung (PLB, HealOzone™ Typ 2130 C, KaVo GmbH) und (4) PZR/Ozonbehandlung. Die Ozonbehandlungen wurden 30, 60 und 90 Sekunden lang vorgenommen. In allen Gruppen bzw. Untergruppen wurden 12 Molaren untersucht. Vor (rechte Okklusalfläche) und nach (linke Okklusalfläche) den Behandlungen erfolgte eine standardisierte Probenahme mit sterilem Pinsel. Aus Verdünnungsstufen der Proben bis 10-8 wurden 0,1 ml dreifach auf Mitis-salivarius-Agar mit Bacitracin (Gold et al. 1973) zur Keimzahlbestimmung ausgespatelt und 7 Tage anaerob bebrütet. Nachfolgend wurden die Keimzahlen berechnet und einer statistischen Analyse unterzogen. S. mutans konnte vor den Behandlungen im Mittel mit einer CFU von 4 x 102 auf den 120 Okklusalflächen etabliert werden

Cemented and screw-retained implant-supported single-tooth restorations in the molar mandibular region: a retrospective comparison study after an observation period of 1 to 4 years

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the survival and compare the appearance of different mechanical and biological complications, in screw-retained and cemented-retained single-tooth implant-supported restorations localized in the molar mandibular region, over a period of 1 to 4 years. Material and Methods: A retrospective study was carried out with a total of eighty implant-supported restorations, which were placed in eighty patients for prosthetic rehabilitation of a mandibular molar. Forty patients were rehabilitated with a cemented-retained restoration and the other forty with a screw-retained restoration. The presence of the following complications was recorded for both types of prostheses: Fractures of the ceramic veneering, loosening screws, mucositis and peri-implantitis. Debonding of the restoration was analyzed in the cemented-retained restoration group. The clinical survival of crowns was analyzed with a Kaplan-Meier test and the clinical complications were compared, using a Student t test and Log-rank test. Results: 27 patients registered some complication. The average rate of complications was 37,5% for cemented- retained restorations and 30% for screw-retained restorations. The complications more common in the cemented- retained restoration were the presence of mucositis (14,87%), while in the screw-retained restorations was the loosening screw (20%). Student t test and Log-Rank test found significant differences ( p =0,001) between the screw loosening and presence of mucositis. Conclusions: The cemented-retained restorations seem to prevent screw loosening, but the presence of cement seem to increase the complications around the soft tissues, however in the screw-retained restorations the presence of mucositis and peri-implantitis are lower than cemented-retained restorations. The incidence of fracture of ceramic veneering was similar in both groups

OZONE-A REVIEW

Ozone (O3) gas discovered in the mid-nineteenth century is a molecule consisting of three atoms of oxygen in a dynamically unstable structure due to the presence of mesomeric states. Ozone therapy has been utilized and heavily studied for more than a century. Its effects are proven, consistent, safe and with minimal and preventable side effects. Medical O3 is used to disinfect and treat disease. Mechanism of actions is by inactivation of bacteria, viruses, fungi, yeast and protozoa, stimulation of oxygen metabolism, activation of the immune system. Medication forms in a gaseous state are somewhat unusual, and it is for this reason that special application techniques have had to be developed for the safe use of O3. In local applications as in the treatment of external wounds, its application in the form of a transcutaneous O3 gas bath has established itself as being the most practical and useful method, for example at low (sub-atmospheric) pressure in a closed system guaranteeing no escape of O3 into the surrounding air. Ozonized water, whose use is particularly known in dental medicine, is optimally applied as a spray or compress. Diseases treated are infected wounds, circulatory disorders, geriatric conditions, macular degeneration, viral diseases, rheumatism/arthritis, cancer, SARS and AIDS. KEYWORDS: Allodynia; Autohemotherapy; Lipid ozonation products; Ozone

OZONE-A REVIEW

Ozone (O3) gas discovered in the mid-nineteenth century is a molecule consisting of three atoms of oxygen in a dynamically unstable structure due to the presence of mesomeric states. Ozone therapy has been utilized and heavily studied for more than a century. Its effects are proven, consistent, safe and with minimal and preventable side effects. Medical O3 is used to disinfect and treat disease. Mechanism of actions is by inactivation of bacteria, viruses, fungi, yeast and protozoa, stimulation of oxygen metabolism, activation of the immune system. Medication forms in a gaseous state are somewhat unusual, and it is for this reason that special application techniques have had to be developed for the safe use of O3. In local applications as in the treatment of external wounds, its application in the form of a transcutaneous O3 gas bath has established itself as being the most practical and useful method, for example at low (sub-atmospheric) pressure in a closed system guaranteeing no escape of O3 into the surrounding air. Ozonized water, whose use is particularly known in dental medicine, is optimally applied as a spray or compress. Diseases treated are infected wounds, circulatory disorders, geriatric conditions, macular degeneration, viral diseases, rheumatism/arthritis, cancer, SARS and AIDS. KEYWORDS: Allodynia; Autohemotherapy; Lipid ozonation products; Ozone

The effect of ozone on progression or regression of artificial caries-like enamel lesions in vitro

Objective: This study investigated the effect of ozone on the progression or regression of artificial caries-like lesions on enamel following pH cycling conditions in vitro. Methods: A randomized, single blind, four legs design was used. 20 full thickness enamel slabs were allocated to each of the four groups which were: Fluoride free toothpaste (control); ozone alone; Reductant/Patient Kit alone and a combination of both ozone/Reductant/Patient Kit. Artificial lesions were created and subjected to the pH cycling regime for a 14 days period. Assessments were carried out before and after the pH cycling on the slabs using the microhardness testing and Quantitative Light-induced Fluorescence (QLF). Results: Statistical significant difference were found in the percentage change of enamel microhardness before and after pH cycling between ozone/Reductant/Patient Kit group and all the other three groups of the study, as well as between Reductant/Patient Kit group and control. There was a statistical significant difference in the change of size and severity of the lesion (ΔQ) between all the three regimes tested and the control with a trend favouring ozone/Reductant/Patient Kit group. Conclusions: In our model, it appeared that ozone treatment alone is not effective in protecting the enamel against demineralisation or promoting remineralisation, unless combined with the Reductant/Patient Kit, which contain high levels of fluoride

Comparación in vitro de la resistencia compresiva de dos cementos resinosos en coronas metal-cerámicas reparadas con incrustaciones cerámicas

Se han propuesto diversas técnicas para restaurar la integridad de la corona sin la necesidad de retirarla de la boca. Uno de los factores más importantes que influyen en la adhesión entre dos sustratos cerámicos es el tipo de cemento. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar in vitro la resistencia de las incrustaciones cerámicas cementadas en coronas metal cerámicas fracturadas a fuerzas tangenciales, fijas sobre patrones metálicos (cromo-níquel) de un canino superior izquierdo. Por tal motivo se confeccionaron 20 coronas metal-cerámicas, divididas en dos grupos de 10. Se talló la cara distal de las coronas sin exponer el metal simulando una fractura, y se elaboró incrustaciones cerámicas. En el grupo 1 se cementó con RelyX U100®, y el grupo 2 con Multilink N®. Ambos grupos fueron sometidos a la prueba de ensayo en la maquina universal AMSLER, modelo K-2000 NP. Los resultados no muestran diferencias estadísticamente significativas, sin embargo el grupo 2 obtuvo mayores valores de resistencia

The Effects of Utilizing English Language Courseware on Secondary School Students’ Performance in Iran

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of Rosetta stone’s English Language Courseware (RSELC) on third grade students’ performance in public secondary school in Iran. More specifically, this study also aimed to evaluate students’ perception about the usefulness of language courseware. This study utilized a quasi-experimental method using only post-test design which consists of two groups. Control group was taught using traditional instruction and experimental group was taught using educational software, namely RSELC. Both groups consist of 31Iranin secondary school students. In addition, A questionnaire was used which developed by researchers. Quantitative analyses revealed that there was significant difference between the groups on the overall performance in favour of experimental group. Based on obtained results, the current study concluded RSELC that was an effective tool for teaching and learning English language at the third grade secondary school in Iran. DOI: 10.5901/jesr.2014.v4n3p7

The University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN) community perception of the internal audit and enterprise risk management process.

Master’s Degree. University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban.Internal Audit and Enterprise Risk Management processes play a pivotal role in any organisation’s system of internal control. These processes encourage accountability and strengthen business processes by ensuring that risks associated with strategic and operational objectives of the organisation are identified, assessed for likelihood of occurrence and impact they may have in its operations. Enterprise Risk Management process prioritize risks and ensure that management build a strong system of internal controls to address them, whereas Internal Audit process evaluates the adequacy of the design and effectiveness of controls to address identified risks. The University’s mandate to deliver education to societies makes them fountains and custodians of body of knowledge, consequently are accountable to different stakeholders, in the main Students, DHET, and the Public to deliver the service as predefined in National Development Plan of 2012. It is therefore inevitable that a strong system of internal controls is embedded in the University systems and governance processes in order to ensure achievement of its mandate, hence Internal Audit and Enterprise Risk Management process are the major control measures that management need to adopt. This pronouncement aligns to best practice on Corporate Governance, which articulates that in cases where transgressions are found in the organisation, it would always be attributable or as a consequent of a weak system of internal control environment. Though huge resistance to accept the Internal Audit and Enterprise Risk Management process is experienced from the University Community by the custodians of these control measures, which is what triggered the study, management of the institution and those in charge of governance remains accountable to ensure a strong control environment is set. The study aimed to investigate the University Community perception of the Internal Audit and Enterprise Risk Management process. This was achieved through interrogating the awareness of the University Community of the Internal Audit and Enterprise Risk Management; acceptance of Internal Audit and Enterprise Risk Management by the University Community; factors influencing the University Community perception of Internal Audit and Enterprise Risk Management. The results of the study informed appropriate recommendations which aimed to benefit the University Community, Internal Audit function as well as Enterprise Risk Management Custodians. It shared light by revealing factors influencing the perception of the Internal Audit and Enterprise Risk Management processes. Respondents in the University Community included Managers, Directors, Executive Management; Internal Audit Services staff members as well as Enterprise Risk Management staff members. A mixed method was used for data gathering. The researcher needed to experience and interrogate different zones of respondent’s territory, quantity versus the emotional hence quantitative and qualitative research methods