Impacts of Poynting–Robertson Drag and Dynamical Flattening Parameters on Motion around the Triangular Equilibrium Points of the Photogravitational ER3BP

Using an analytical and numerical study, this paper investigates the equilibrium state of the triangular equilibrium points L4,  5 of the Sun-Earth system in the frame of the elliptic restricted problem of three bodies subject to the radial component of Poynting–Robertson (P–R) drag and radiation pressure factor of the bigger primary as well as dynamical flattening parameters of both primary bodies (i.e., Sun and Earth). The equations of motion are presented in a dimensionless-pulsating coordinate system ξ−η, and the positions of the triangular equilibrium points are found to depend on the mass ratio μ and the perturbing forces involved in the equations of motion. A numerical analysis of the positions and stability of the triangular equilibrium points of the Sun-Earth system shows that the perturbing forces have no significant effect on the positions of the triangular equilibrium points and their stability. Hence, this research work concludes that the motion of an infinitesimal mass near the triangular equilibrium points of the Sun-Earth system remains linearly stable in the presence of the perturbing forces

Comparison of electromyographic activity of quadriceps muscle in persons with unilateral traumatic transtibial amputation using patellar tendon bearing supracondylar endoskeletal prosthesis with the unaffected limb in weight bearing positions.

Abstract Purpose: comparison of electromyographic activity of quadriceps muscle in persons with unilateral traumatic transtibial amputation using patellar tendon bearing supracondylar endoskeletal prosthesis with the unaffected limb in weight bearing positions. Method: 30 individuals  aged 18-60 years were assessed using surface electromyography with functional level K3 according to K-level functional assessment scale to compare the activity of quadriceps of affected side using patellar tendon bearing supracondylar endoskeletal prosthesis with the unaffected side. The data was analysed using paired t-test. Result:  There was a significant difference in the activity of VMO and VLO muscles of the quadriceps in high sitting positions. There was also a significant difference in the activity of VMO muscle in single limb stance and bipedal stance. However, there was no significant difference between the activity of VLO muscle in bipedal stance but there was reduced activity of VLO muscle in the prosthetic limb in single limb stance. Conclusion: The quadriceps activity was reduced in the affected limb in high sitting position, single  limb stance and bipedal stance. However, no difference in the muscle activity was noted in VLO muscle in bipedal stance. Keywords: trans tibial amputation, patellar tendon bearing supracondylar prosthetis, surface electromyography.&nbsp

Model of Charged Anisotropic Strange Stars in Minimally Coupled fR Gravity

In the present article, we have investigated a new family of nonsingular solutions of static relativistic compact sphere which incorporates the characteristics of anisotropic fluid and electromagnetic field in the context of minimally coupled fR theory of gravity. The strange matter MIT bag model equation of state (EoS) has been considered along with the usual forms of the Karori–Barua KB metric potentials. For this purpose, we derived the Einstein–Maxwell field equations in the assistance of strange matter EoS and KB type ansatz by employing the two viable and cosmologically well-consistent models of fR=R+γR2 and fR=R+γRR+αR2. Thereafter, we have checked the physical acceptability of the proposed results such as pressure, energy density, energy conditions, TOV equation, stability conditions, mass function, compactness, and surface redshift by using graphical representation. Moreover, we have investigated that the energy density and radial pressure are nonsingular at the core or free from central singularity and always regular at every interior point of the compact sphere. The numerical values of such parameters along with the surface density, charge to radius ratio, and bag constant are computed for three well-known compact stars such as CS1SAXJ1808.4−3658 (x˜=7.07 km, CS2VelaX−1x˜=9.56 km, and CS34U1820−30x˜=10 km and are presented in Tables 1–6. Conclusively, we have noticed that our presented charged compact stellar object in the background of two well-known fR models obeys all the necessary conditions for the stable equilibrium position and which is also perfectly fit to compose the strange quark star object

A Numerical Approach to Study Ablation of Large Bolides: Application to Chelyabinsk

In this study, we investigate the ablation properties of bolides capable of producing meteorites. The casual dashcam recordings from many locations of the Chelyabinsk superbolide associated with the atmospheric entry of an 18 m in diameter near-Earth object (NEO) have provided an excellent opportunity to reconstruct its atmospheric trajectory, deceleration, and heliocentric orbit. In this study, we focus on the study of the ablation properties of the Chelyabinsk bolide on the basis of its deceleration and fragmentation. We explore whether meteoroids exhibiting abrupt fragmentation can be studied by analyzing segments of the trajectory that do not include a disruption episode. We apply that approach to the lower part of the trajectory of the Chelyabinsk bolide to demonstrate that the obtained parameters are consistent. To do that, we implemented a numerical (Runge–Kutta) method appropriate for deriving the ablation properties of bolides based on observations. The method was successfully tested with the cases previously published in the literature. Our model yields fits that agree with observations reasonably well. It also produces a good fit to the main observed characteristics of Chelyabinsk superbolide and provides its averaged ablation coefficient σ = 0.034 s2 km−2. Our study also explores the main implications for impact hazard, concluding that tens of meters in diameter NEOs encountering the Earth in grazing trajectories and exhibiting low geocentric velocities are penetrating deeper into the atmosphere than previously thought and, as such, are capable of producing meteorites and even damage on the ground

Bouncing Cosmology in fG,T Gravity with Logarithmic Trace Term

This study is devoted to explore bouncing cosmology in the context of fG,T theory of gravity. For this purpose, a Gauss–Bonnet cosmological model with logarithmic trace term is considered. In particular, the possibility of obtaining bouncing solutions by considering two equations of state parameters is investigated. A graphical analysis is provided for analyzing the obtained bouncing solutions. The energy conditions are discussed in detail. It is interesting to notice that null and strong energy conditions are violated near the neighborhood of bouncing points justifying the accelerating universe in the light of the recent observational data. The behavior of the scale factor, red shift function, deceleration parameter, and Hubble parameter is also debated. An important feature of the current study is the discussion of conservation equation in fG,T gravity. The possibility of some suitable constraint equations which recover the standard conservation equation is discussed, and all the free parameters are assumed accordingly. All the results in this study suggest that the proposed fG,T gravity model provides good bouncing solutions with the chosen EoS parameters

Artificial Intelligence in Pharma

This paper aims to provide a better understanding of the possible applications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the field of Pharmacy. Artificial intelligence basically involves complex information processing. It enables machines to carry out certain functions which were originally done by human and which required human intellect. Over the past few years, the use of artificial intelligence in the pharma has grown unimaginably and is now able to revolutionize the way drugs are discovered and handled. AI is capable of impacting the field of pharmacy at multiple levels. Pharmacy and medical education, drug development, personalization of drug therapy, drug safety, rational drug use, manufacture and formulation of dosage forms are areas of impact by AI. The fact that AI can displace humans at their own tasks is a matter of concern. Although there are ethical concerns regarding the implementation of AI in healthcare, it can be assured that no machine or system can replace many of the humanitarian duties

A cross-sectional study about socio-demographic factors and clinical characteristics of male patients with alcohol dependence syndrome

Background: Alcohol abuse is one of the major causes of death and disability globally; and a key risk factor for health, social, and economic problems in the communities. Consumption of alcohol by Indians has increased drastically due to various factors and in an unrestricted manner; and the age of initiation of drinking is progressively coming down. Objective: To determine the socio-demographic and clinical profile of the patients coming for treatment of alcohol dependence syndrome in the psychiatry department. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 50 male outpatients of alcohol dependence syndrome attending the department of psychiatry at a tertiary care hospital. Sociodemographic data and clinical details were recorded with the help of a pre-designed questionnaire. Results: Nuclear family, family history of alcoholism, unmarried status, higher educational level, unemployment, and peer pressure are the factors significantly associated with early age at first drink and age of dependence on alcohol (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Adolescents having a family history of alcoholism are a high-risk group for developing alcohol dependence and should be targeted for intervention strategies. Community based-longitudinal studies are needed to understand multiple factors influencing alcohol use and recommend targeted preventive measures. Keywords: Alcohol, Alcohol dependence syndrome, Peer pressure, Intoxication, Socio-demographic factor

Compact Stars Admitting Noether Symmetries in Energy-Momentum Squared Gravity

This paper investigates the geometry of compact stellar objects through the Noether symmetry approach in the energy-momentum squared gravity. This newly developed theory overcomes the problems of big bang singularity and provides the viable cosmological consequences in the early time universe. Moreover, its implications occur in high curvature regime where the deviations of energy-momentum squared gravity from general relativity is confirmed. We consider the minimal coupling model of this modified theory and formulate symmetry generators as well as corresponding conserved quantities. We use conservation relation and apply some suitable initial conditions to evaluate the metric potentials. Finally, we explore some interesting features of the compact objects for appropriate values of the model parameters through numeric analysis. It is found that compact stellar objects in this particular framework depend on the model parameters as well as conserved quantities. We conclude that Noether symmetries generate solutions that are consistent with the astrophysical observational data and hence confirm the viability of this procedure

Myoinositol with Metformin and Myoinositol alone in infertile PCOS women undergoing ovulation induction cycles: A comparative study

Background: This was a prospective observational study conducted over a twelve-month duration in our institute to compare the combined effect of metformin and myoinositol with metformin alone. Method: A total of sixty patients were included in the study, and they were divided into two groups depending on whether they were given the combination or the single drug. Group A (n=30) was given Myoinositol 600 mg+Metformin 500 mg thrice a day, and Group B ( n=30) was given only Myoinositol 600 mg thrice a day. The outcome measure was clinical pregnancy rate and improvement in clinical and hormonal parameters after drug therapy. Results: BMI (p<0.01), modified Ferriman Gallaway score (p>0.05), and the was a significant improvement in the hormonal parameters (LH,FSH) in both the groups and the levels were found to be comparable after a period of 6 months. The clinical pregnancy rate after six cycles of ovulation was significantly higher in Group A as compared to Group B. In Group A, the total clinical pregnancy rate was 43.33%, and in Group B, it was 26.67%, respectively, and the end of 6 months and the difference was statistically significant (p = <0.01) Conclusion: Equal response in reduction of hormonal levels and clinical and laboratory parameters were seen in both groups, while better results in terms of clinical fertility rates were observed in the group that was given a combination of myoinositol with metformin

Magnetohydrodynamic Fluid Flow due to an Unsteady Stretching Sheet with Thermal Radiation, Porous Medium, and Variable Heat Flux

A shooting method has been introduced for determining the numerical solution of the ordinary differential equations which describe the Newtonian magnetohydrodynamic laminar fluid flow due to an unsteady stretching sheet together with the presence of thermal radiation and variable heat flux. The variable viscosity and variable conductivity are taken into consideration. Absence of magnetic field in some studies restricts the development of the energy-efficient heat transfer mechanism as is desired in numerous applications. The present study encompasses parameters such as unsteadiness parameter, porous parameter, viscosity parameter, magnetic number, radiation parameter, and conductivity parameter. It has been consummated that the proposed model is superior to other existing models for the industrial fluid