Morphology, biostratigraphy, and evolution of PliocenePleistocene diatoms Proboscia barboi..

Proboscia barboi and Proboscia curvirostris are two important diatom biostratigraphic markers from the high latitudes of the North Pacific and North Atlantic Oceans, dating back to the Pliocene-Pleistocene time. This study analyzes the biostratigraphic events and describes the morphology of P. barboi and P. curvirostris, particularly the morphologic variations of the latter species, based on observations of samples of Core U1340A from the IODP Expedition 323 in the Bering Sea. In Site U1340, the First Occurrence of P. curvirostris is observed at 1.52Ma and its First Common Occurrence at 1.39Ma, where morphologic variations were found abundantly. The Last Occurrence of P. curvirostris was found at 0.33Ma, while P. barboi's Last Occurrence is found at 0.67Ma. Based on the morphological similarity and known biostratigraphic distribution, previous authors have assumed that P. curvirostris descends from P. barboi, although this hypothesis is still in debate. At 1.39Ma P. curvirostris shows an increased size and thickness, which is typical of P. barboi, and some specimens display an incipient structure characteristic of P. curvirostris - the secondary spine. This morphology is intermediate between the two species and suggests an evolutionary transition from P. barboi to P. curvirostris. However, P. curvirostris already existed since 1.9Ma in the subarctic indicating that its speciation happened much earlier than 1.39Ma. Furthermore, since P. barboi co-occurs with P. curvirostris in the North Pacific, this evolutionary process was cladogenetic. Besides being evidence for a phylogenetic relationship, the abundant occurrence of intermediate forms at 1.39Ma may constitute a bioevent for a short time interval in the Bering Sea.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

KINETIC ENERGY OF BODY SEGMENTS IN DROP JUMP

INTRODUCTION - In sport movements, such as sprinting and jumping, where the ability to produce explosive movement is extremely important, the elastic characteristics of the muscle-skeletal system are decisive. Drop jump (DJ) exercises are often used as a training method to develop the mechanical and control capabilities of the neuromuscular system. DJ has also been used to obtain very important data about the degree of adaptability of the locomotor system to increasing amounts of mechanical load, using different dropping heights. The purpose of this study is to analyse the changes of the kinetic energy of body segments (KE) in relation to the increase o! mechanical load, both in the stretching and push-off phases. These changes are related to the angular kinematics of joints and to the relative length changes on some of the extensor muscles. METHODS - Four elite sprinters (height 17855 cm, body mass 69.34.5 kg) performed 6 DJ from 25, 40, 55 and 70 cm. Ground reaction forces were recorded at 500Hz and vertical peak and vertical net impulse were calculated. Simultaneously, angular kinematic data of the ankle, knee and hip joints were calculated using video analysis system (120 Hz). We used Visser et al. (1990) model to calculate the relative length changes (%L) of gastrocnemius (G), rectus femoris (RF) and biceps femoris (BF) muscles. The joint angular velocity (~)) and relative muscle length changes velocity (%L.s-') were also calculated. The KE energy of the foot, lower leg, thigh and upper body mass centres were calculated from the kinematic and anthropometric data. RESULTS - The basic results are showed on the table, AVG and SD values, both for the stretching and shortening phases of the ground contact period. CONCLUSION - The KE of the body segments at the end of push-off was higher on DJ25 and DJ40, Wen compared with the KE at touchdown, presenting a positive energetic balance. At DJ55, the energetic balance was null and at DJ70 was negative. The stretching and shortening velocities increased in all muscles with the increase of DJ height. Nevertheless, no differences were found on vertical jumping achievement between DJ executed from different heights. The subjects were able to reduce the increasing stretching load producing higher vertical net impulses during the downward movement. REFERENCES Visser J.J.. Hoogkamer, J., Bobbert, M.F. and Huijing, P.A.(1990). Eur J Appl Physiol, 61: 453-46

Quantas vidas cabem numa vida? Da autobiografia de 52 trabalhadores ao caso de um funcionário administrativo

O artigo centra-se na tensão entre unidade e pluralidade dos percursos de vida. Como os indivíduos representam a sua vida? Até que ponto a desdobram em etapas e dimensões? Explora-se a utilidade de estudos recentes da socialização e do curso de vida. Apresenta-se um dispositivo de análise de autobiografias. Analisa-se em profundidade uma autobiografia e discutem-se padrões observados em 52. Concluímos que a classe trabalhadora, em Portugal, caracteriza-se por um desdobramento mitigado da vida em etapas e dimensões da vida, destacando-se a dicotomia entre vida laboral e familiar, ainda que se observem múltiplas interseções, tensões e ambiguidades, associadas à precariedade das condições de vida.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Improving patient health literacy in imaging departments

Health Literacy is a key issue in the healthcare and its operational definition developed for the National Library of Medicine mention that is the “the degree to which individuals have the capacity to obtain, process, and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions” 1. Health literacy skills are needed for dialogue and discussion, reading health information, making decisions about participating in research activities, using medical tools for personal or familial health care, and even for voting on health or environmental...info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

ICT in Portuguese secondary schools: from resistance to innovation

El artículo adopta una perspectiva organizacional los modos e intensidades diferentes de implementación de las Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación (TIC) en doce escuelas secundarias portuguesas. Un ambicioso Plan Tecnológico para la Educación ha generado cambios significativos en las escuelas públicas en los últimos años. Sin embargo, las respuestas de directores, docentes y alumnos en estas escuelas, complementados por los informes de evaluación externa, demuestran que los recursos, estrategias y usos pedagógicos de las TIC varían enormemente entre escuelas, desafiando el principio constitucional de la igualdad de oportunidades. La investigación ha identificado tres categorías de escuelas con relación a este dominio: innovadoras, ambivalentes y tradicionales. Liderazgo, coordinación tecnológica, identidad de escuela, cooperación entre departamentos y acuerdos con organizaciones del entorno son señalados como factores clave para explicar el alto grado de diversidad. El artículo concluye con una perspectiva de las implicaciones de estos resultados, tanto para la investigación como para las políticas públicas