Default versus configured-geostatistical modeling of suspended particulate matter in Potter Cove, West Antarctic Peninsula

The glacier retreat observed during the last decades at Potter Cove (PC) causes an increasing amount of suspended particulate matter (SPM) in the water column, which has a high impact on sessile filter feeder? species at PC located at the West Antarctic Peninsula. SPM presents a highly-fluctuating dynamic pattern on a daily, monthly, seasonal, and interannual basis. Geostatistical interpolation techniques are widely used by default to generate reliable spatial information and thereby to improve the ecological understanding of environmental variables, which is often fundamental for guiding decision-makers and scientists. In this study, we compared the results of default and configured settings of three geostatistical algorithms (Simple Kriging, Ordinary Kriging, and Empirical Bayesian) and developed a performance index. In order to interpolate SPM data from the summer season 2010/2011 at PC, the best performance was obtained with Empirical Bayesian Kriging (standard mean = −0.001 and root mean square standardized = 0.995). It showed an excellent performance (performance index = 0.004), improving both evaluation parameters when radio and neighborhood were configured. About 69% of the models showed improved standard means when configured compared to the default settings following a here proposed guidelineFil: Neder, Camila. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; ArgentinaFil: Sahade, Ricardo Jose. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; ArgentinaFil: Abele, Doris. Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung; AlemaniaFil: Pesch, Roland. Jade University of Applied Sciences; AlemaniaFil: Jerosch, Kerstin. Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung; Alemani

Large-Scale Recombinant Production of the SARS-CoV-2 Proteome for High-Throughput and Structural Biology Applications

The highly infectious disease COVID-19 caused by the Betacoronavirus SARS-CoV-2 poses a severe threat to humanity and demands the redirection of scientific efforts and criteria to organized research projects. The international COVID19-NMR consortium seeks to provide such new approaches by gathering scientific expertise worldwide. In particular, making available viral proteins and RNAs will pave the way to understanding the SARS-CoV-2 molecular components in detail. The research in COVID19-NMR and the resources provided through the consortium are fully disclosed to accelerate access and exploitation. NMR investigations of the viral molecular components are designated to provide the essential basis for further work, including macromolecular interaction studies and high-throughput drug screening. Here, we present the extensive catalog of a holistic SARS-CoV-2 protein preparation approach based on the consortium’s collective efforts. We provide protocols for the large-scale production of more than 80% of all SARS-CoV-2 proteins or essential parts of them. Several of the proteins were produced in more than one laboratory, demonstrating the high interoperability between NMR groups worldwide. For the majority of proteins, we can produce isotope-labeled samples of HSQC-grade. Together with several NMR chemical shift assignments made publicly available on covid19-nmr.com, we here provide highly valuable resources for the production of SARS-CoV-2 proteins in isotope-labeled form

Qualitative Erfassung von Werkzeugverschleiß

Bei der fünfachsigen Bearbeitung von hochfesten Materialien stellen die Werkzeugkosten für den schruppenden Vorgang einen wesentlichen Bestandteil der gesamten Produktionskosten dar. Eine signifikante Reduktion dieser Kosten ist über eine entsprechende Minimierung des Werkzeugverschleißes möglich. Aufgrund ihrer schwierigen Erfassung und der geringen Eignung für die statistische Versuchsplanung, stoßen die bisher bekannten Kenngrößen hier an ihre Grenzen. In diesem Fachbeitrag wird nun neben einer geeigneten Kenngröße auch eine Methode eingeführt, die eine systematische Erfassung von Messdaten bei der Durchführung von statistisch geplanten Versuchen erlaubt

Safety Assessment for the Scale-up of an Oxime Reduction with Melted Sodium in Standard Pilot-Plant Equipment

A pilot-plant process is described for the reduction of 2-allyl cyclohexanone oxime with melted sodium in xylenes, toluene, and 4-methyl-2-pentanol. The <i>trans</i>/<i>cis</i> ratio was 3–4:1. Safety data are presented from a range of thermokinetic experiments (heat flow calorimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, and accelerating rate calorimetry). The process has been designed and developed to enable an expedient and safe scale-up in a standard enameled 100-L steel reactor and has been reproduced six times on 209 mol scale (each 4.8 kg sodium). Crystallization of the product 2-allyl cyclohexylamine with oxalic acid from the reaction mixture in <i>tert</i>-butyl methyl ether successfully avoided the yield losses associated with the isolation of the volatile free 2-allyl cyclohexylamine

Strain Transmission Characteristics of Steel Substrates for Additive Sensor Manufacturing with Selective Laser Melting

In this work we investigate the mechanical characteristics of steel substrates, manufactured with selective laser melting (SLM), for the use as deformation elements of force sensors. First, the influence of different build-up directions in the SLM process is validated with test geometries. The experiments show a significant anisotropy in terms of intrinsic tension and surface quality. Second, the strain transmission behavior of the SLM steel test sample (1.4542) is measured with a foil strain gauge using a 4-point flexure test. In comparison to conventionally rolled stainless steel test samples (RSS), both manufacturing techniques show deviations of approx. 3 % to ideal linear behavior