Effect of lidocaine on duration of seizure and hemodynamic alterations in electroconvulsive therapy

Background and Objective: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is one of the most common methods in treatment of different types of psychological disorder. The effectiveness of this therapy has a direct relation with the duration of convulsion. This study was conducted to assess the effect of lidocaine on duration of seizure and hemodynamic alterations in electroconvulsive therapy. Materials and Methods: This clinical trial study was conducted on 72 ASA-I, II patients with psychotic disorders in Hajar Medical Center in Shahrekord, Iran during 2010. The patients randomly divided into intervention and control group. The interventional group was received 1.5 mg/kg lidocaine and controls were received normal saline. For induction of anesthesia, all patients were received Sodium Thiopental (2mg/kg), Succinylcholine (1mg/kg) and Atropine (0.5mg) Propofol and Succinylcholine during 72 sessions of ECT. Duration of objective convulsion and hemodynamic alterations including blood pressure and heart rate were recorded (before, immediately and 3, 5 minutes after ECT). Data were analyzed using SPSS-11.5 and t-test. Results: Systolic and diastolic blood pressures and heart rate in 3rd minutes in interventional group following electroconvulsive therapy were 143.38±16 mmHg, 79.86±6.7 mmHg, 91.9±9.9 mmHg, respectively and in controls were 128.88±13.04 mmHg, 87.63±5.79 mmHg and 102.86±13 mmHg, respectively. These difference were significant (P<0.05). The above-mentioned indices for 5th minutes in intervention and controls were as follow: systolic (113.47±9.97 mmHg, 122.36±13 mmHg), diastolic (73.47±4.27 mmHg, 77.63±6.26 mmHg) heart rate (84.41±4.6 in minute, 93.19±12.53 in minute). These differences in above indices were significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: This study showed that lidocaine administration during electroconvulsive therapy increase the duration of convulsion and reduces heart rate and blood pressur

External Genitalia Trauma Following the First Manic Episode in an Elderly Woman With Sexual Disinhibition

Introduction: Late onset bipolar disorder is not common. In addition, bipolar disorder with a dominancy over sexual behaviors is very rare. Hence, traumatic and vigorous sexual behavior, such as masturbation and self-mutilation, are odd and rare occurrences. Case Presentation: An elderly woman in a manic phase of bipolar disorder without a previous history of psychiatric disorders was concomitant with problematic sexual over stimulation in the context of hyper sexuality. She had traumatized her genitals and underwent surgery for their repair. Following her admission and psychopharmacologic therapy, she recovered. Conclusions: The presentation of bipolar disorder in the elderly can be seen in sexual behaviors and self-mutilation that can lead to the need for reparative surgery. In each case with trauma to the external genitalia, psychiatric problems should be considered

Development of Sensitive Detection of Cryptosporidium and Giardia from Surface Water in Iran

Background: The protozoan parasites Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia are known to occur widely in both raw and drinking waters. They are two of the causative agents of waterborne out-breaks of gastroenteritis throughout the world. In the present study, a PCR assay and FA were developed for detection of Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cyst in environmental samples. Methods: We have detected Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts and Giardia cysts in seeded and un-seeded environmental water samples by PCR method. Water samples were spiked with oocysts (50, 100,300,500) and filtrated with a 1.2-µm pore size cellulose nitrate and follow by DNA extrac¬tion and purification by QIAamp DNA mini kit. Nested-PCR assay amplified an 850 bp fragment of 18s rRNA gene specific for Cryptosporidium and 435 bp fragment of glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) target gene for Giardia. Also many river water from north of Iran, be checked by these methods. Results: Cryptosporidium and Giardia DNAs were detected in seeded water sample and Giardia was detected in all 5 water samples from river in north of Iran by nested- PCR and FA. Also in one river water sample, Cryptosporidium was detected.Conclusion: This protocol is effective for detection of these waterborne parasites in treated and untreated water samples. This study can also serve as a platform for further investigations and research water source in Iran

Association of interleukin-10 -1082A>G (rs1800896) polymorphism with predisposition to breast cancer: A meta-analysis based on 17 case-control studies

INTRODUCTION: The association between the between IL-10 -1082A>G (rs1800896) polymorphism and breast cancer has been evaluated by several number case-control studies. However, these studies might be underpowered to reveal the true association. OBJECTIVE: We have performed a comprehensive meta-analysis to investigate the association IL-10 -1082A>G polymorphism and breast cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science up to September 20, 2017. Data was analysed with CMA software to identify the strength of the association by pooled odds ratios (ORs) with corresponding 95 confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS: A total of 17 case-control studies involving 3275 cases and 3416 controls obtained from database searches were examined. Overall, there was no significant association between IL-10 -1082A>G polymorphism and breast cancer risk under all genetic models. No significant publication bias was found for the five genetic models (G vs. A: OR = 1.184, 95 CI = 0.895-1.180, p= 0.230; GG vs. AA: OR = 1.430, 95 CI = 0.927-2.204, p= 0.106; GA vs. AA: OR = 0.966, 95 CI = 0.765-1.221, p= 0.774; GG+GA vs. AA: OR = 0.957, 95 CI = 0.697-1.314, p= 0.786; and GG vs. GA+AA: OR = 1.221, 95 CI = 0.981-1.518, p= 0.073). Moreover, there was no significant association between the IL-10 -1082A>G polymorphism and breast cancer risk by ethnicity. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicated that IL-10 -1082A>G (rs1800896) polymorphism might not be a risk factor for the development of breast cancer. © 2018 Associacao Medica Brasileira. All rights reserved

Colorimetric and fluorescent determination of sulfide and sulfite with kinetic discrimination

Two fluorescent probes, m-PSP and p-PSP, for sulfite and/or sulfide were constructed by connecting a pyridinium ion to a coumarin fluorophore through an alpha,beta-unsaturated ketone. The presence of the pyridinium salt promoted the nucleophilic addition of sulfite and sulfide to the alpha,beta-unsaturated ketone, which could be visualized by dramatic changes in the solution's color and fluorescence intensity. Both probes exhibit good selectivity (the selectivity coefficients toward major interferences are less than 0.07) and high sensitivity for sulfite and sulfide over biothiols and other potential analytes. The detection limits of m-PSP for the analysis of sulfite and sulfide are calculated to 8.5 x 10(-7) M and 2.7 x 10(-7) M, respectively. Living cell imaging results indicate that both probes can be applied in biological systems

Comparison of the effects of laryngeal and face masks on arterial oxygen saturation and duration of convulsion in patients undergoing electroconvulsive therapy

Background: Hypoxia following electroconvulsive therapy(ECT) causes hemodynamic instability and increases the threshold of convulsion. In this study we evaluated the effects of laryngeal and face masks ventilation on oxygen saturation, hemodynamic changes and duration of convulsion after ECT. Materials and Methods: Sixty-six patients with chronic depression aged 20-60 scheduled for ECT were randomly divided into two groups of 33. In both groups anesthesia was induced with intravenous sodium thiopental 2 mg/kg and succinylcholine 0.5 mg/kg. Ventilation with %100 oxygen was carried out by laryngeal mask in group I and face mask in group II. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures, heart rate, oxygen saturation and convulsion duration before and after ECT in all patients were measured and recorded. Results: Oxygen saturation after ECT was higher in group I compared with group II (p<0.05). In both groups systolic and diastolic blood pressures 3 and 5 min after ECT were higher than those before ECT. Increased diastolic blood pressures 3 and 5 min after ECT, and systolic blood pressure 3 min after ECT were higher in group I (p<0.05). The duration of convulsion in group II (38.8 ± 11 seconds) was longer than that in group I (30.2 ± 11 seconds) (p<0.05). Conclusion: the results of the current study revealed that laryngeal mask decreases convulsion duration and increases oxygen saturation during ECT so it is recommended that ventilation to be performed by laryngeal mask rather than the face mask

Special Position for the Anaesthetic Management of a Patient with Giant Neck and Back Masses

A neck mass is a risk factor for difficult airway during induction of anaesthesia particularly when accompanied with a giant back mass which limits positioning of the patient in the supine position. We report the management of a young woman with known recurrent neurofibroma scheduled for resection of her giant neck and back masses. Unfortunately, her dorsal thoracic mass was too huge to allow adoption of the supine position for induction of anaesthesia. In order to achieve a suitable supine position which is fundamental during airway management, we created a hole in the operating table to fit her giant back mass. Exhibition of this special operating table may help to achieve a suitable position and ease airway management which is not possible with routine tables in cases with giant posterior masses

Action des radicaux superoxyde sur la N-acétylcystéine

L'action des radicaux superoxyde sur la N-acétylcystéine (RSH) a été étudiée en solution aqueuse à pH 7 par la méthode de la radiolyse à l'état stationnaire. Les rendements initiaux de disparition de RSH ont été déterminés pour des concentrations de RSH variant de 1 à 25 × 10-4 mol.l-1. Ces rendements sont fonction des concentrations de RSH et du débit de dose. Ceci nous a conduits à suggérer un mécanisme de réaction en chaîne