Event activity-dependence of jet production in p-Pb collisions at sNN=5.02\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 5.02 TeV measured with semi-inclusive hadron+jet correlations by ALICE

We report measurement of the semi-inclusive distribution of charged-particle jets recoiling from a high transverse momentum ($p_{\rm T}$) hadron trigger, for p-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 5.02$ TeV, in p-Pb events classified by event activity. This observable has been measured in pp and Pb-Pb collisions at the LHC, providing a new probe to measure quenching. Jets are reconstructed from charged particle tracks using anti-$k_{\rm t}$ with $R = 0.4$ and low IR cutoff of jet constituents ($p_{\rm T,track} > 0.15$ GeV/$c$). The complex uncorrelated jet background is corrected by a data-driven approach. Recoil jet distributions are reported for $15 < p_{\rm T,jet}^{\rm ch} < 50$ GeV/$c$. Events are classified by signal in the ALICE V0A detector, which measures forward multiplicity, and ZNA, which measures the number of neutrons at zero degrees. This self-normalized observable does not require scaling of reference distributions by $T_{\rm pA}$ , thereby avoiding the need for geometric modeling. We compare the trigger-normalized recoil jet yield for p-Pb collisions with different event activity to measure the effects of jet quenching in small systems at the LHC.Comment: Proceedings of the Quark Matter 2017 conference, February 6-11, 201

Correlations and flavors in jets in ALICE

We report on the measurement of hadron composition in charged jets in pp at $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeV and show the first data on particle type dependent jet fragmentation at the LHC. Further, we present $(\Lambda+\bar{\Lambda})/2$K$^{0}_{\mathrm{S}}$ ratios measured in charged jets in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} = 2.76$ TeV and in p-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} = 5.02$ TeV. While the ratio of the inclusive $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ spectra of $\Lambda$ and K$^{0}_{\mathrm{S}}$ exhibits centrality dependent enhancement both in Pb-Pb and p-Pb system, the $(\Lambda+\bar{\Lambda})/2$K$^{0}_{\mathrm{S}}$ ratio measured in charged jets reveals that jet fragmentation does not contribute to the observed baryon anomaly. Finally, we discuss the measurement of semi-inclusive $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ spectra of charged jets that recoil from a high-$p_{\mathrm{T}}$ hadron trigger in Pb-Pb and pp collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} = 2.76$ TeV and $\sqrt{s} = 7$ TeV, respectively. The jet yield uncorrelated with the trigger hadron is removed at the event-ensemble level without introducing a bias on the jet population which is therefore infrared and collinear safe. The recoil jet yield in central Pb-Pb is found to be suppressed w.r.t. that from pp PYTHIA reference. On the other hand, there is no sign of intra-jet broadening even for anti-$k_{\mathrm{T}}$ jets with a resolution parameter as large as $R=0.5$.Comment: Proceedings of Strangeness in Quark Matter conference, 6 July - 11 July 2015, Dubna, Russi

Factorization of CP-rank-3 completely positive matrices

A symmetric positive semi-definite matrix A is called completely positive if there exists a matrix B with nonnegative entries such that A=BB^T. If B is such a matrix with a minimal number p of columns, then p is called the cp-rank of A. In this paper we develop a finite and exact algorithm to factorize any matrix A of cp-rank 3. Failure of this algorithm implies that A does not have cp-rank 3. Our motivation stems from the question if there exist three nonnegative polynomials of degree at most four that vanish at the boundary of an interval and are orthonormal with respect to a certain inner product.Comment: 13 pages, 10 figure

The Arabidopsis homeotic genes APETALA3 and PISTILLATA are sufficient to provide the B class organ identity function

The class B organ identity genes, APETALA3 and PISTILLATA, are required to specify petal and stamen identity in the Arabidopsis flower. We show here that the activities of these two genes are sufficient to specify petals and stamens in flowers, in combination with the class A and C genes, respectively. Flowers of plants constitutively expressing both PISTILLATA and APETALA3 under the control of the 35S promoter from cauliflower mosaic virus consist of two outer whorls of petals and inner whorls of stamens. These plants also exhibit vegetative phenotypes that are not present in either of the singly (APETALA3 or PISTILLATA) overexpressing lines. These phenotypes include leaf curling and the partial conversion of later-arising cauline leaves to petals. The presence of additional floral whorls in flowers ectopically expressing APETALA3 and PISTILLATA and the rescue of missing organs in class A mutants by ectopic B function suggest that APETALA3 and PISTILLATA play an additional role in proliferation of the floral meristem

Access for Performance

This paper urges that policy decisions be based on important and reliable performance measures. Robust measures that assess the performance of the transportation and land use dimensions of cities, however, are typically missing from such discussionsÑthey typically focus on congestion and mobility. The heart of approach suggested herein lies concept of accessibility: the ability of people to reach the destinations that they need to visit in order to meet their needs. By focusing on accessibilityÑrather than congestion or mobilityÑthis approach produces a more complete and meaningful picture of metropolitan transport and land use. We place accessibility in a position of prominence as a performance measure by (a) describing the use and measurement of accessibility for metropolitan areas, (b) identifying robust, concrete and practical issues about measurement of the concept, (c) and offering prescriptions for resolving measurement issues.Accessibility, Performance Measures, Transportation, Land Use, Measures of Effectiveness.

A Schematic for Focusing on Youth in Investigations of Community Design and Physical Activity

This paper provides a first step to address special considerations for youth in a relatively new area of physical activity research. After reviewing the urgent need for novel approaches to increasing physical activity, the growing interest in the effects of community design is discussed. Although most discussion on this topic has focused on adults, there are important differences between youth and adults that warrant a special focus on youth and need to be accounted for. This article presents a schematic that accounts for how and where youth spend their time, decomposing the day into time spent in travel and time spent at destinations, and identifying portions of those times that are spent engaged in physical activity. By focusing on both spatial and behavioral dimensions of youth time, the schematic may help organize and advance scientific inquiry into the relationships between community design and physical activity specifically for youth. .

Designing and Assessing a Teaching Laboratory for an Integrated Land Use and Transportation Course

The intersection of land use and transportation policy is becoming an increasingly important focus for all urban planners. This focus, however, challenges the academic community to design effective courses that teach the concepts and professional skills required for professional experience. Integrated land use and transportation courses should engage students to develop interdisciplinary skills while becoming familiar with, for example, travel behavior and zoning policies. Laboratory courses (or segments of courses) as part of graduate curricula provide platforms to further emphasize skills. A common pedagogy problem is devising laboratory assignments that are integrative, cumulative, practical, and interesting for students. Furthermore, laboratory projects should introduce students to real-world problems and techniques while exploring broad planning themes. This paper presents uses four years of laboratory segments from a land use-transportation course (LUTC) at the University of Minnesota to evaluate the needs and results of practitioner-oriented land use and transportation planning education. The laboratory used group projects where students proposed integrated developments using air rights above existing (and sunken) urban freeways in the Twin Cities. The projects provided a practitioner-oriented project through a collaborative and reflexive learning process. This article describes the completed projects, as well as the technical skills, integrated approach and visionary planning necessary for successful execution. The students addressed complicated problems associated with large-scale development by researching neighborhood demographics, characteristics, and pertinent regulations. They used their research to analyze traffic impacts, propose zoning regulations, and outline costs and benefits from their proposal using Geographic Information Systems (GIS), statistical analyses, assessor data and traffic engineering manuals. Using the completed student projects and comparisons with other land use-transportation course and laboratory projects the authors demonstrate how these laboratory components serve multiple pedagogy goals.

Value of Trail Access on Home Purchases

We use hedonic analysis of home sales data from the Twin Cities Metropolitan Area to estimate the effects of access of different types of trails on home value. Our model includes proximity to three distinct types bicycle facilities, controlling for local fixed effects and open space characteristics. Using interaction terms detect different preferences between city and suburban homebuyers. Regression results show that off-street bicycle trails situated alongside busy streets are negatively associated with home sale prices in both the city and suburbs. Proximity to off-street bicycle trails away from trafficked streets in the city are positively associated with home sale prices, with no significant result in the suburbs. On-street bicycle lanes have no effect in the city and are a disamenity in the suburbs. The following policy issues are relevant from this research. First, type of trail matters. On-street trails and road-side trails may not be as appreciated as many city planners or policy officials think. Second, city residents have different preferences than suburban residents. Third and as suspected, larger and more pressing factors likely influencing residential location decisions. The finding also suggest that urban planners and advocates need to be aware of the consequences of providing for bicycle facilities, as the change in welfare is not necessarily positive for all homeowners.