Strengthening Spiritual Practices among Community: Dhikr Activities in Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia

Tarekat tasawuf has been established in Negeri Sembilan since 1900 and began to strengthen its existence in spiritual activities such as the implementation of zikr tarekat tasawuf activities among the local community. This article will highlight the impact of implementing the zikr activities tarekat tasawuf, which is implemented periodically on the spiritual strengthening of the community in Negeri Sembilan. A qualitative approach is used involving library studies, review of relevant documents, and interviews with the Registrar of Tarekat, Tasawuf Division of the Negeri Sembilan Mufti Department, and the Syeikh of the tarekat involved. Basically, there are 13 Sufi practice centers around Negeri Sembilan that conduct regular zikr activities that impact the community. The existence of tarekat practice centers in Negeri Sembilan has been plotted to see the distribution and centralization of tarekat centers. In addition, the form of zikr practiced in the zikr ceremony is also explained through a simple framework built. The results also showed that the Seremban district is the highest area with a tarekat practice center. Indirectly, the zikr activities, tarekat tasawuf, have provided space for the local community to engage in more systematic spiritual activities. The efforts implemented by the Sufi tarekat practice center in Negeri Sembilan are expected to be used as an example by other states in Malaysia so that the community is more interested in the Sufi tarekat zikr ceremony

Enhancing quality of experience (QoE) in IM-Tahfiz framework for predictive acceptance influence of user screening test

Tahfiz teaching has become progressively more conventional and is growing as an essential educational course. This significance is in line with the prospect above that is placed on the ability of tahfiz schools to produce Quran memorising students who can thrive and improve the nation’s Islamic education. Due to this endeavour, the tahfiz learning management process must satisfy the user QoE related to the increasing student intake issues. These issues impact this education process due to insufficient tahfiz resources, infrastructure, and facilities. This paper proposes the Integrated Management Tahfiz (IM-Tahfiz) Framework’s suitability for selected education satisfaction at the empirical level. The primary purpose of this framework is about the Quality of Experience (QoE) based on user satisfaction for the screening test of stakeholder decision in selecting tahfiz centre to educate students. This framework design was implemented in three phases; data selection, where instruments and experiment setup gather resources from the mobile to the server to finalize data; user QoE setup, where the users’ data is obtained by using the Mean Opinion Score (MOS) to determine this matter’s solution regarding the suitability of tahfiz students to tahfiz centers; and execution phase, where both phases combine to finalize the data output. The final result illustrates the initial research question (RQ) was the factor that had effects on the problem of the tahfiz center that can be solved accordingly

Design and development of a small-scale 12S-14P outer rotor HEFSM

Simulation, prototype experimental, and mathematical modelling is an essential process to provide sufficient evidence before a full-scale development or mass production. Hence, this study focuses on validating a small scale of 12S-14P outer-rotor hybrid excitation flux switching motor (OR-HEFSM) through simulation, experimental, and mathematical modelling. The JMAG-Designer software as finite element solver is used to design and analyse the designed geometry structure. Throughout simulation process, the rotor design with direct drive structure as illustrated in Appendix A is chosen based on optimisation process. Thus, the generated back EMF, torque, and power through simulation at a speed of 1,200 r/min is 6.58 V, 16.4 Nm, and 12.4 kW, correspondingly. The designed model has been fabricated using actual prototype analysis (APA) approach, which is involves five stages, namely 3-D design, material selection, fabrication, assembly, and experimental test. The computer-aided software of SolidWorks is used to implement the first stage of APA while the prototype structure is fabricated using a computer numerical control (CNC) machine. The prototype has been tested experimentally using a measurement tool such as Fluke Analyser and oscilloscope. The back EMF showed a good agreement between simulation and preliminary experimental results with percentage differences approximately 5.1% at a speed of, 1,200 r/min. In contrast with the prediction results based on mathematical modelling using sizing equation, the calculated back EMF, torque, and power is 7.58%, 8.6%, and 8.4% higher than simulation results, respectively. Even so, the results had proven that the concept of three-phase working principle for small-scale 12S-14P OR-HEFSM with direct drive structure remained the same for simulation, experiment, and prediction

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030

The Concept Of Zikir Al-Muqayyad According To The Sunna Perspective: A Study Of The Case In The Majlis Zikir Of The State Of Nine Tasawuf Thariqa, Malaysia

This study focuses on the practice of zikir in the mode of standing and seating on zikir ceremony of sufi’s tarekat in Negeri Sembilan. The problem began when the allegations arose the practice of dhikr in zikir ceremony is not parallel with the Quran and al-Sunah. Therefore, this study evaluates the method of practicing zikir al-muqayyad practiced in the zikir ceremony in sufi’s centre Negeri Sembilan according to the al-Sunah. Zikir ceremonies in sufi’s centre Negeri Sembilan as the focus of the study on the capacity between inter-states that actively hold zikir ceremonies on a regular basis. This study uses a qualitative methodology that is descriptive analysis through observation methods and interviews with sheikh tarekat in Negeri Sembilan which is used as supporting data. The analytical mechanism for field data uses hadith as the main evidence, supported by the evidence of the Qur'an as well as the debate of scholars to see the parallelism of the practice of zikir al-muqayyad guided by the al-Sunnah. The findings show that there are two methods of zikir al-muqayyad that are practiced, namely setting a certain number and reciting dhikr according to the setting of time. This method of dhikr aims to discipline tarekat practitioners to increase zikr and it is a method that complies with the sunnah of the Prophet SAW and has also been practiced by the Salaf generation

The influential contributions of al-Juzūlī to islamic theology through his prolegomena; ʿaqīdah al-Juzūlī and the al-Juzūlīyyah ṣufī order

In the 9th century of Hijrah, Muḥammad bin Sulaymān al-Juzūlī al-Soūsī was a prominent scholar of Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jama'ah al-Ashāʿirah. He continued the al- Shādhiliyyah sufī order established by Abū al-Ḥasan al-Shādhilī (d. 656H) and was a scholar who made many contributions to Islam, particularly in the field of sufīsm with his magnum opus, the book Dalāʾil al-Khayrāt, which became widely known, and other writings. To this day, Islamic scholars recognise him as a prominent sufī and aqidah figure, and his prominence is reflected in his sufī order, al-Juzūlīyyah, which is followed by many scholars, particularly in Morocco. Nonetheless, the contemporary researchers believe that the discussion regarding his contribution to the Islamic world, particularly through his prolegomena; ʿAqīdah al-Juzūlī, is lack of focus. The primary objective of this study is to identify his contribution in terms of the book's impact on Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jama'ah al-Ashāʿirah and its contribution to the Islamic world. This investigation employs a qualitative methodology. The method of data acquisition in this study is a literature review, and the primary source is the book ʿAqīdah al-Juzūlī. To obtain the accurate description of al-Juzūlī's role and contribution to the Islamic world, the data analysis method employs the content analysis methodology by referencing the turāth written by Muslim scholars. The study founds that Muḥammad bin Sulaymān al-Juzūlī was a renowned religious scholar who has significantly contributed to the proliferation of the al- Ashʿrī sect in the western Islamic world. The notion of faith that he emphasised can serve as a lesson and point of reference for Muslims, particularly in uniting Muslims who have recently been perceived as becoming more divided

Energy efficiency enhancement using dynamic voltage restorer (DVR)

Dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) is a device that can compensate harmonic, voltage sag and voltage swell condition that exists in a three-phase system. Other than that, DVR can also be used to enhance the energy efficiency or energy saving by reducing excessive amount of incoming power via the reduction incoming voltage at allowable limit. The DVR can inject the required voltage in the system so that the interruption of supply voltage can be compensated. The compensation of voltage supply interruption is improved based on the hysteresis voltage output of controller used in the DVR to detect the difference between reference voltage and disrupted voltage. The hysteresis voltage control mainly controlled by relays switching so that the signal can be sent to IGBT switches controller. The hysteresis voltage control and unipolar SPWM is supplied to control the IGBT switches by the DC supply for voltage interruption compensation. The unipolar SPWM technique converts the DC supply voltage into AC supplied voltage, thus making the DVR injection become easier to inject the AC voltage into the system to compensate voltage sag and voltage swell

Pendekatan zikir al-munfarid dalam menangani tekanan ketika pandemik COVID-19

Kesukaran dan perubahan dihadapi ketika ini akibat pandemik Covid 19 telah memberi kesan kepada struktur kehidupan fizikal manusia malahan lebih teruk di peringkat emosi individu. Justeru, pengukuhan kerohanian diperlukan bagi menyumbang kepada pembangunan jiwa dan spiritual individu. Oleh itu, kajian ini bertujuan mengetengahkan amalan zikir al-munfarid yang boleh dipraktiskan dalam kehidupan seharian sebagai suatu modus spiritual ketika berhadapan dengan tekanan diri tatkala pandemik COVID 19. Kajian ini menggunakan metodologi kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan analisis dokumen iaitu hadis berkaitan zikir sebagai sumber primer dan analisis dokumen seperti tesis, artikel dan buku sebagai sumber sekunder. Hasilnya, satu kaedah zikir dirumuskan melalui kerangka mudah untuk memahami praktikal zikir al-Munfarid yang boleh diamalkan secara lisan dan hati serta disesuaikan mengikut penetapan waktu atau tanpa penetapan waktu, dengan penetapan kadar suara perlahan atau kuat. Kaedah ini boleh diamalkan dan dipraktikkan dalam kehidupan seharian sebagai satu sokongan utama dalam meningkatkan fungsi ketenangan dan menggalakkan perasaan positif

The Trajectory of the Jihad Discourse in Malay World: An Analysis on the Baḥr Al-Mādhī by Muḥammad Idrīs Al-Marbawī

The term of jihad has a significant role in the formation of Islamic identity, politics, and nations. For example, the Malay World during the colonial or pre-independence, has created the momentum among community to break free from the colonial at the time. This spirit was injected with elements of jihad through the advice of scholars, graduates returning from the middle east who brought the spirit of independence and through writing. Among the writings that may have a role in explaining jihad among the Malay community is Baḥr al-Mādhī [1924-1960]. This article will analyse on the representation of jihad and warfare term in the Baḥr al-Mādhī, a book written by Muḥammad Idrīs al-Marbawī [1896-1989]. It can be considered as one of the greatest masterpieces of Malay Muslim scholar in the twentieth century. It was composed as a commentary to the hadith in Jāmi‘ al-Tirmidhī and have been written in Malay language. This article also analyses al-Marbawi’s contribution to Malay community understanding jihad in pre independence period of Malaysia through his commentary and translation of the hadith of jihad in Baḥr al-Mādhī. This study applied qualitative study, data collected by library research and analysed by document analysis methodology. Study found that, the Baḥr al-Mādhī by Muḥammad Idrīs al-Marbawī has played a major role in the understanding of jihad among Malays in pre-independence period. This book symbolizes the local wisdom of the Malay community at the earliest time. This contribution can be understood through the background of the writing of this book, its wide pertinence into society and the content of jihad in it.[Konsep jihad mempunyai peran signifikan dalam pembentukan identitas keislaman, politik dan kebangsaan. Misalnya seperti dunia Melayu pada masa kolonial atau pra kemerdekaan dimana sarjana muslimnya yang pulang dari belajar di Timur Tengah mendorong masyarakatnya berjuang melawan kolonialisme dan menuntut kemerdekaan melalui tulisan mereka. Salah satu tulisan yang menerangkan konsep jihad dalam masyarakat Melayu adalah Baḥr al-Mādhī. Artikel ini menjelaskan konsep jihad dan perang dalam karya Baḥr al-Mādhī, satu karya terbaik sarjana muslim Melayu abad 20, yang ditulis oleh Muḥammad Idrīs al-Marbawī (1896-1989). Karya ini merupakan komentar terhadap kitab hadist Jāmi‘ al-Tirmidhī yang ditulis dalam bahasa Melayu. Artikel ini juga membahas kontribusi penting al-Marbawī dalam menjelaskan jihad dalam masyarakat Melayu masa pra kemerdekaan. Dengan studi literatur dan analisis dokumen terkait, artikel ini menunjukkan bahwa karya al-Marbawī merupakan simbol dari kearifan lokal masyarakat Melayu pada masa awal. Kontribusi pentingnya terlihat dari luasnya pengaruh dan pendalaman pemahaman tentang jihad di masyarakat Melayu saat itu.

Peranan Al-Juzuli (M. 870H) dalam penyatuan ummah berdasarkan Kitab ʿAkidah Al-Juzuli [The Role Of Al-Juzuli (D. 870H) in the unification of the ummah based on ʿAkidah Al-Juzuli]

Muhammad bin Sulayman al-Juzuli al-Sousi merupakan seorang ulama terkemuka Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jama’ah al-Asha’irah pada abad ke-9 Hijrah. Beliau meneruskan kesinambungan tarekat al-Shadhiliyyah yang diasaskan oleh Abu al-Hassan al-Shadhili (m. 656H) dan merupakan seorang sarjana yang banyak memberikan sumbangan kepada Islam khususnya dalam bidang tasawwuf dengan penulisan magnum opusnya iaitu kitab Dala’il al-Khayrat yang menjadi wirid di seluruh dunia dan beberapa penulisan yang lain. Beliau diiktiraf sebagai seorang tokoh sufi dan akidah yang terkemuka dalam kalangan sarjana Islam sehingga ke hari ini dan ketokohan beliau terserlah melalui tarekat beliau iaitu tarekat al-Juzuliyyah yang diikuti oleh ramai ulama khususnya di Maghribi. Namun begitu, perbincangan berkaitan sumbangan beliau dalam menyatupadukan ummah khususnya melalui kitab ‘Akidah al-Juzuli dilihat masih kurang diberi tumpuan oleh pengkaji muta’akhirin. Justeru itu, fokus utama kajian ini adalah untuk mengkaji sumbangan beliau dari aspek peranan kitab ini dalam penyatuan ummah dan kesannya terhadap Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jama’ah al-Asha’irah. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Kaedah pengumpulan data menggunakan metodologi kajian kepustakaan dan kajian ini memilih kitab ʿAkidah al-Juzuli sebagai sumber utama. Manakala kaedah penganalisaan data pula menggunakan metodologi analisis kandungan iaitu dengan merujuk kepada karya turāth para ilmuwan Islam untuk mendapatkan huraian sebenar berkaitan peranan dan sumbangan al-Juzuli dalam penyatuan ummah. Dapatan kajian mendapati bahawa Muhammad bin Sulayman al-Juzuli merupakan seorang ulama akidah terkenal yang telah memberikan sumbangan besar terhadap penyebaran mazhab al-Ash’ari di dunia barat Islam. Pemikiran akidah yang ditonjolkan oleh beliau dapat dijadikan sebagai iktibar dan rujukan umat Islam khususnya dalam menyatupadukan umat Islam yang akhir-akhir ini dilihat semakin berpecah