Influência do AIA e AIB no enraizamento do mamoeiro hibrido Tainung 1.

Nesta pesquisa estudou-se a influência das concentrações dos ácidos 3-indolil acético (AIA) e idolbutírico (AIB) na indução de rizogênese em mamoeiro híbrido Tainung 1

Strategies for Multiplexed Electrochemical Sensor Development

Detection of multiple biomarkers for disease diagnosis or treatment monitoring has received a lot of attention due to their potential impact on clinical decision making. Electrochemical biosensors have become one of the preferred detection approaches, due to the simplicity of the accompanying instrumentation. This chapter will explore how electrochemical sensors can be utilized for detection of multiple analytes by integration of sensors into microfluidic microsystems. Some key fabrication technologies for such devices will be presented utilizing polymer microfabrication, paper-based approaches, and the use of printed circuit boards. Next, the use of electrode arrays will be presented along with some commercial platforms, outlining plausible paths towards a successful electrochemical multiplexed sensor. Novel approaches based on microbeads and various labels will then be introduced along with various strategies and technologies utilized to achieve ultrasensitive multiplexed detection

Índice de anomalia de chuva (IAC) e sua relação com os desastres naturais no leste da Amazônia.

O presente trabalho faz um estudo sobre os Índices de Anomalia de Chuva (IAC) e suas relações com os desastres naturais na cidade de Marabá no sudeste do Pará, Amazônia Oriental. Foram usados dados de precipitação pluviométrica média mensal dos anos de 1973 a 2017 da cidade de Marabá, oriundos do Instituto Brasileiro de Meteorologia (INMET), dados de informações básicas a respeito da Gestão de Riscos e Desastres Naturais da região de Marabá. Estes dados foram obtidos por meio do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE), e dados simulados de precipitação do modelo climático Coupled Climate Mode 3. Utilizou-se estatística básica e também a metodologia do próprio IAC, que é uma metodologia eficaz, direta e simples. Desta forma, foi possível obter os índices de anomalias negativas (secas) e positivas (cheias). O resultado dos índices foi divido em três categorias ou intensidades: Fraco (FRA), Moderado (MOD) e Forte (FOR). Para a climatologia da região, março indicou ser o mês mais chuvoso, e o mês mais seco ficou com agosto. O maior volume de chuva ficou com o mês de março e em abril os volumes de chuva começaram a diminuir, atingindo menor valor em agosto, e em setembro os volumes precipitantes começaram a aumentar. Os trimestres mais chuvosos são dezembro, janeiro e fevereiro (DJF) e março, abril e maio (MAM). O trimestre mais seco ficou com junho, julho e agosto (JJA), e em setembro, outubro e novembro (SON) os volumes de chuva começam a aumentar. As ocorrências de EL Niño e La Niña tiveram total relação com os resultados encontrados pelo IAC. Pois em todos os anos de ocorrência de EL Niño ou La Niña, se observou a presença da categoria FOR. Os resultados mostraram que os eventos mais relevantes para as anomalias negativas, encontram-se na categoria FRA e MOD, sendo que estas duas categorias ficaram praticamente equivalentes. E estes resultados, não tiveram relação com as informações da gestão de risco e desastre do local estudado. Para as anomalias positivas, os resultados mostraram que os eventos mais relevantes, encontram-se na categoria MOD, indicando que a região de Marabá é caracterizada por um ambiente chuvoso, e esta caracterização teve total relação com os eventos da gestão de risco e desastre ocorridos em Marabá. Vale ressaltar que o cenário futuro encontrado por meio das simulações, comprovou ser uma intensificação dos atuais padrões de tempo e clima da cidade de Marabá. E de acordo com os noticiários deste ano de 2020, Marabá já está sofrendo com enchentes. Desta forma, o IAC é uma ótima ferramenta para caracterização climatológica e alerta de possíveis áreas de risco

Variação do CO2 atmosférico e do efluxo de CO2 do solo em iPF na Amazônia.

O estudo teve como objetivo quantificar a concentração de dióxido de carbono (CO2) na atmosfera ([CO2]) e estimar o efluxo de CO2 do solo (Esolo) em um sistema de integração pecuária-floresta (iPF) no leste da Amazônia. Campanhas intensivas de 24 horas de medidas foram conduzidas nos períodos: (i) menos chuvoso de 2016, 2017 e 2018; (ii) chuvoso de 2017 e 2018, e, (iii) transição do chuvoso para menos chuvoso de 2017 e 2018, no município de Terra Alta, nordeste do Pará. Sistema de medição da [CO2] foram instalados em espécies florestais e na pastagem, e pontos no renque florestal e pastagem foram selecionados para a medição do Esolo. Uma torre meteorológica automática foi instalada na área para a obtenção de dados ancilares. A [CO2] apresentou variação temporal com menores valores durante o dia e maiores durante a noite. Houve maior [CO2] no período chuvoso e na transição do período chuvoso para menos chuvoso comparado ao menos chuvoso. O Esolo foi maior no interior do renque florestal e apresentou as maiores medidas no mesmo período que a [CO2]. A velocidade do vento e Esolo atuam de maneira diferente sobre a [CO2] a depender do período

Structural basis of signal sequence surveillance and selection by the SRP–FtsY complex

Signal-recognition particle (SRP)-dependent targeting of translating ribosomes to membranes is a multistep quality-control process. Ribosomes that are translating weakly hydrophobic signal sequences can be rejected from the targeting reaction even after they are bound to the SRP. Here we show that the early complex, formed by Escherichia coli SRP and its receptor FtsY with ribosomes translating the incorrect cargo EspP, is unstable and rearranges inefficiently into subsequent conformational states, such that FtsY dissociation is favored over successful targeting. The N-terminal extension of EspP is responsible for these defects in the early targeting complex. The cryo-electron microscopy structure of this 'false' early complex with EspP revealed an ordered M domain of SRP protein Ffh making two ribosomal contacts, and the NG domains of Ffh and FtsY forming a distorted, flexible heterodimer. Our results provide a structural basis for SRP-mediated signal-sequence selection during recruitment of the SRP receptor

Acute Cardiovascular Manifestations in 286 Children With Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome Associated With COVID-19 Infection in Europe

Background: The aim of the study was to document cardiovascular clinical findings, cardiac imaging, and laboratory markers in children presenting with the novel multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. Methods: This real-time internet-based survey has been endorsed by the Association for European Paediatric and Congenital Cardiologists Working Groups for Cardiac Imaging and Cardiovascular Intensive Care. Children 0 to 18 years of age admitted to a hospital between February 1 and June 6, 2020, with a diagnosis of an inflammatory syndrome and acute cardiovascular complications were included. Results: A total of 286 children from 55 centers in 17 European countries were included. The median age was 8.4 years (interquartile range, 3.8-12.4 years) and 67% were boys. The most common cardiovascular complications were shock, cardiac arrhythmias, pericardial effusion, and coronary artery dilatation. Reduced left ventricular ejection fraction was present in over half of the patients, and a vast majority of children had raised cardiac troponin when checked. The biochemical markers of inflammation were raised in most patients on admission: elevated C-reactive protein, serum ferritin, procalcitonin, N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide, interleukin-6 level, and D-dimers. There was a statistically significant correlation between degree of elevation in cardiac and biochemical parameters and the need for intensive care support (P<0.05). Polymerase chain reaction for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 was positive in 33.6%, whereas immunoglobulin M and immunoglobulin G antibodies were positive in 15.7% cases and immunoglobulin G in 43.6% cases, respectively, when checked. One child in the study cohort died. Conclusions: Cardiac involvement is common in children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with the Covid-19 pandemic. The majority of children have significantly raised levels of N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide, ferritin, D-dimers, and cardiac troponin in addition to high C-reactive protein and procalcitonin levels. In comparison with adults with COVID-19, mortality in children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with COVID-19 is uncommon despite multisystem involvement, very elevated inflammatory markers, and the need for intensive care support.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Effects of hospital facilities on patient outcomes after cancer surgery: an international, prospective, observational study

Background Early death after cancer surgery is higher in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) compared with in high-income countries, yet the impact of facility characteristics on early postoperative outcomes is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the association between hospital infrastructure, resource availability, and processes on early outcomes after cancer surgery worldwide.Methods A multimethods analysis was performed as part of the GlobalSurg 3 study-a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study of patients who had surgery for breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer. The primary outcomes were 30-day mortality and 30-day major complication rates. Potentially beneficial hospital facilities were identified by variable selection to select those associated with 30-day mortality. Adjusted outcomes were determined using generalised estimating equations to account for patient characteristics and country-income group, with population stratification by hospital.Findings Between April 1, 2018, and April 23, 2019, facility-level data were collected for 9685 patients across 238 hospitals in 66 countries (91 hospitals in 20 high-income countries; 57 hospitals in 19 upper-middle-income countries; and 90 hospitals in 27 low-income to lower-middle-income countries). The availability of five hospital facilities was inversely associated with mortality: ultrasound, CT scanner, critical care unit, opioid analgesia, and oncologist. After adjustment for case-mix and country income group, hospitals with three or fewer of these facilities (62 hospitals, 1294 patients) had higher mortality compared with those with four or five (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 3.85 [95% CI 2.58-5.75]; p&lt;0.0001), with excess mortality predominantly explained by a limited capacity to rescue following the development of major complications (63.0% vs 82.7%; OR 0.35 [0.23-0.53]; p&lt;0.0001). Across LMICs, improvements in hospital facilities would prevent one to three deaths for every 100 patients undergoing surgery for cancer.Interpretation Hospitals with higher levels of infrastructure and resources have better outcomes after cancer surgery, independent of country income. Without urgent strengthening of hospital infrastructure and resources, the reductions in cancer-associated mortality associated with improved access will not be realised

Elective surgery cancellations due to the COVID-19 pandemic: global predictive modelling to inform surgical recovery plans.

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted routine hospital services globally. This study estimated the total number of adult elective operations that would be cancelled worldwide during the 12 weeks of peak disruption due to COVID-19. METHODS: A global expert response study was conducted to elicit projections for the proportion of elective surgery that would be cancelled or postponed during the 12 weeks of peak disruption. A Bayesian β-regression model was used to estimate 12-week cancellation rates for 190 countries. Elective surgical case-mix data, stratified by specialty and indication (surgery for cancer versus benign disease), were determined. This case mix was applied to country-level surgical volumes. The 12-week cancellation rates were then applied to these figures to calculate the total number of cancelled operations. RESULTS: The best estimate was that 28 404 603 operations would be cancelled or postponed during the peak 12 weeks of disruption due to COVID-19 (2 367 050 operations per week). Most would be operations for benign disease (90·2 per cent, 25 638 922 of 28 404 603). The overall 12-week cancellation rate would be 72·3 per cent. Globally, 81·7 per cent of operations for benign conditions (25 638 922 of 31 378 062), 37·7 per cent of cancer operations (2 324 070 of 6 162 311) and 25·4 per cent of elective caesarean sections (441 611 of 1 735 483) would be cancelled or postponed. If countries increased their normal surgical volume by 20 per cent after the pandemic, it would take a median of 45 weeks to clear the backlog of operations resulting from COVID-19 disruption. CONCLUSION: A very large number of operations will be cancelled or postponed owing to disruption caused by COVID-19. Governments should mitigate against this major burden on patients by developing recovery plans and implementing strategies to restore surgical activity safely

The impact of surgical delay on resectability of colorectal cancer: An international prospective cohort study

AIM: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has provided a unique opportunity to explore the impact of surgical delays on cancer resectability. This study aimed to compare resectability for colorectal cancer patients undergoing delayed versus non-delayed surgery. METHODS: This was an international prospective cohort study of consecutive colorectal cancer patients with a decision for curative surgery (January-April 2020). Surgical delay was defined as an operation taking place more than 4 weeks after treatment decision, in a patient who did not receive neoadjuvant therapy. A subgroup analysis explored the effects of delay in elective patients only. The impact of longer delays was explored in a sensitivity analysis. The primary outcome was complete resection, defined as curative resection with an R0 margin. RESULTS: Overall, 5453 patients from 304 hospitals in 47 countries were included, of whom 6.6% (358/5453) did not receive their planned operation. Of the 4304 operated patients without neoadjuvant therapy, 40.5% (1744/4304) were delayed beyond 4 weeks. Delayed patients were more likely to be older, men, more comorbid, have higher body mass index and have rectal cancer and early stage disease. Delayed patients had higher unadjusted rates of complete resection (93.7% vs. 91.9%, P = 0.032) and lower rates of emergency surgery (4.5% vs. 22.5%, P < 0.001). After adjustment, delay was not associated with a lower rate of complete resection (OR 1.18, 95% CI 0.90-1.55, P = 0.224), which was consistent in elective patients only (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.69-1.27, P = 0.672). Longer delays were not associated with poorer outcomes. CONCLUSION: One in 15 colorectal cancer patients did not receive their planned operation during the first wave of COVID-19. Surgical delay did not appear to compromise resectability, raising the hypothesis that any reduction in long-term survival attributable to delays is likely to be due to micro-metastatic disease