Comperative Analysis of Problem Posing Ability Between the Anatolian High School Students and the Public High School Students Located in Bagcilar District of Istanbul

AbstractThe purpose of this case study was to investigate the problem posing abilities of the “Anatolian High School” students and the “Public High School” students who had been studying in the Bagcilar district of the city of Istanbul.The methodology employed in the study was qualitative in nature. Document analysis method was applied. The participants, who had been successful for an exam carried out by a private course located in the district of Bagcilar of Istanbul, were including four “Anatolian High School” 11 th grade students and the other four “Public High School” 11 th grade students. In the research, students were provided with five different types of worksheets for problem posing Types of worksheets were including story editing, information translating, problem posing according to the previously defined equation, figure and result or conclusion. As a result of the study, two “Public High School” students could not accomplish the study concerning the problem posing according to the previously defined equation. On the other hand, the “Anatolian High School” students were much more successful than the “Public High School” students

A Theoretical Study on STEM Education: Proposal of Two Applications

As communication technology develops rapidly in the 21st century, it is easy to reach knowledge. At this point students should be able to create their own knowledge by researching, analyzing and synthesizing rather than asking the questions they can reach via internet. Real life problems may not be solved according to a single discipline. Therefore, it would be beneficial for us to transfer the climate and teamwork to the disciplines as a whole for the students. The purpose of this study is to present the importance and unexplained parts of STEM education through literature scan and especially to suggest STEM practices which mostly deal with mathematics classes. This study is a theoretical study and document analysis technique from qualitative research methods was used in the study. The study was prepared in terms of theory and it was presented to be an example for the other researchers. There are two sample practices together with their objectives in this study. While SCRATCH coding program was used in one of the applications and the other application was structured on isoperimetric theorem.21. Yüz yılda iletişim teknolojisi hızla geliştiği için bilgiye ulaşmak kolaylaşmaktadır bu noktada öğrencilere internet üzerinden ulaşabilecekleri sorular sormak yerine araştırarak analiz ederek ve sentezleyerek kendi bilgilerin oluşturmalarına fırsat verilmelidir. Gerçek yaşamda birçok değişkenden oluşan bir problemle karşılaşan öğrencilere, derslerde tek bir değişken üzerinden problem çözmeyi öğretmek gerçek yaşamla okul dersleri arasında uçurum oluşturacaktır. Gerçek yaşam problemleri tek bir disipline göre de çözülemeyebilir. Dolayısıyla öğrencilere disiplinleri bir bütün olarak ele alma iklimini ve ekip çalışmasını aktarmamız faydalı olacaktır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, STEM eğitiminin önemini ve açıklanamayan kısımlarını literatür taraması ile sunmak ve özellikle matematik dersleriyle ilgilenen STEM uygulamalarını önermektir. Bu çalışma teorik bir çalışmadır ve çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden elde edilen doküman analiz tekniği kullanılmıştır. Çalışma teorik açıdan hazırlanmış ve diğer araştırmacılar için örnek teşkil etmesi adına sunulmuştur. Çalışmada iki örnek uygulama kazanımları ile birlikte yer almaktadır. Uygulamalardan birinde SCRATCH kodlama programı kullanılmış ve diğer uygulama izoperimetrik teoride yapılandırılmıştır

Unclear Issues Regarding COVID-19

Scientists from all over the world have been intensively working to discover different aspects of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) since the first cluster of cases was reported in China. Herein, we aimed to investigate unclear issues related to transmission and pathogenesis of disease as well as accuracy of diagnostic tests and treatment modalities. A literature search on PubMed, Ovid, and EMBASE databases was conducted, and articles pertinent to identified search terms were extracted. A snow-ball search strategy was followed in order to retrieve additional relevant articles. It was reported that viral spread may occur during the asymptomatic phase of infection, and viral load was suggested to be a useful marker to assess disease severity. In contrast to immune response against viral infections, cytotoxic T lymphocytes decline in SARS-CoV-2 infection, which can be partially explained by direct invasion of T lymphocytes or apoptosis activated by SARS-CoV-2. Dysregulation of the urokinase pathway, cleavage of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein by FXa and FIIa, and consumption coagulopathy were the proposed mechanisms of the coagulation dysfunction in COVID-19. False-negative rates of reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction varied between 3% and 41% across studies. The probability of the positive test was proposed to decrease with the number of days past from symptom onset. Safety issues related to infection spread limit the use of high flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in hypoxic patients. Further studies are required to elucidate the challenging issues, thus enhancing the management of COVID-19 patients

What We Learned about COVID-19 So Far? Notes from Underground

The novel coronavirus pandemic poses a major global threat to public health. Our knowledge concerning every aspect of COVID-19 is evolving rapidly, given the increasing data from all over the world. In this narrative review, the Turkish Thoracic Society Early Career Taskforce members aimed to provide a summary on recent literature regarding epidemiology, clinical findings, diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and control of COVID-19. Studies revealed that the genetic sequence of the novel coronavirus showed significant identity to SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor is an important target of the SARS-CoV-2 while entering an organism. Smokers were more likely to develop the disease and have a higher risk for ICU admission. The mean incubation period was 6.4 days, whereas asymptomatic transmission was reported up to 25 days after infection. Fever and cough were the most common symptoms, and cardiovascular diseases and hypertension were reported to be the most common comorbidities among patients. Clinical manifestations range from asymptomatic and mild disease to severe acute respiratory distress syndrome. Several patients showed typical symptoms and radiological changes with negative RT-PCR but positive IgG and IgM antibodies. Although radiological findings may vary, bilateral, peripherally distributed, ground-glass opacities were typical of COVID-19. Poor prognosis was associated with older age, higher Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score, and high D-dimer level. Chloroquine was found to be effective in reducing viral replication in vitro. Likewise, protease inhibitors, including lopinavir/ritonavir, favipiravir, and nucleoside analogue remdesivir were proposed to be the potential drug candidates in COVID-19 management. Despite these efforts, we still have much to learn regarding the transmission, treatment, and prevention of COVID-19

What We Learned about COVID-19 So Far? Notes from Underground

The novel coronavirus pandemic poses a major global threat to public health. Our knowledge concerning every aspect of COVID-19 is evolving rapidly, given the increasing data from all over the world. In this narrative review, the Turkish Thoracic Society Early Career Taskforce members aimed to provide a summary on recent literature regarding epidemiology, clinical findings, diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and control of COVID-19. Studies revealed that the genetic sequence of the novel coronavirus showed significant identity to SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor is an important target of the SARS-CoV-2 while entering an organism. Smokers were more likely to develop the disease and have a higher risk for ICU admission. The mean incubation period was 6.4 days, whereas asymptomatic transmission was reported up to 25 days after infection. Fever and cough were the most common symptoms, and cardiovascular diseases and hypertension were reported to be the most common comorbidities among patients. Clinical manifestations range from asymptomatic and mild disease to severe acute respiratory distress syndrome. Several patients showed typical symptoms and radiological changes with negative RT-PCR but positive IgG and IgM antibodies. Although radiological findings may vary, bilateral, peripherally distributed, ground-glass opacities were typical of COVID-19. Poor prognosis was associated with older age, higher Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score, and high D-dimer level. Chloroquine was found to be effective in reducing viral replication in vitro. Likewise, protease inhibitors, including lopinavir/ritonavir, favipiravir, and nucleoside analogue remdesivir were proposed to be the potential drug candidates in COVID-19 management. Despite these efforts, we still have much to learn regarding the transmission, treatment, and prevention of COVID-19