As charges políticas e seu reflexo na sociedade

Defesa da importância dos humoristas gráficos na construção da imagem dos políticos dentro da sociedade, muitas vezes exercendo influência direta no processo eleitoral, o artigo destaca como ponto fulcral a eleição de Luís Inácio Lula da Silva e toda a gama de significados extraídos das charges antes e depois do evento.

Faca na caveira: alguns pontos de contato entre os filmes Tropa de Elite (2006), de José Padilha, e The Birth of a Nation (1915), de David W. Griffith

Este artigo destaca as similaridades e paralelismos entre a narrativa de The Birth of a Nation (D. W. Griffith, 1915) e de Tropa de Elite (José Padilha, 2007), discutindo os aspectos sociais presentes em suas imagens e representações

Visões do Pretérito: a ficção científica nos quadrinhos brasileiros no século 20

The article seeks a bridge between the production of fictional narratives and the scientistic-themed cartoons developed in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in the late 19th century by artists such as Angelo Agostini and Bordallo Pinheiro, and the first half of the 20th century. These stories published in weekly periodicals printed in lithography, designed to inform and entertain, reflecting the look of the day, often uninformed and grotesque, under the influence of news about science in everyday life of the empire and speculating on how the future would be. We also talk about the language of these illustrated magazines and cartoons published until the 1930s, which anticipated elements that develop in the next century and seeki ng to colaborate, even inadvertently, to popularize technology concepts and images still far from the reality of the country, always merged the concepts of building a Brazilian identity. Finally we come to contemporary times, highlighting the work of two authors, Luiz Gê and Laerte, which incorporate and dialogue with elements of science fiction in philosophic comics. O artigo busca uma ponte entre a produção de narrativas ficccionais de temática cientificista e os desenhos humorísticos desenvolvidos no Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, no final do século XIX por artistas como Angelo Agostini e Bordalo Pinheiro e na primeira metade do século XX. Essas historietas publicadas em periódicos semanais impressos em litografia, destinavam-se a informar e divertir, repercutindo o olhar da época, muitas vezes desinformado e caricatural, sobre as influências das novidades da ciência no cotidiano do então império e especulando como seria o futuro. Ainda discorreremos a respeito da linguagem dessas revistas ilustradas e de charges publicadas até a década de 1930, que antecipavam elementos que se desenvolveriam no século seguinte e colaboravam, mesmo que inadvertidamente, para popularizar conceitos tecnológicos e imagens ainda distantes da realidade do país, sempre mescladas a conceitos de construção de uma identidade brasileira. Finalmente chegamos à contemporaneidade, destacando os trabalhos de dois autores, Luiz Gê e Laerte, que incorporam e dialogam com elementos da ficção científica em histórias em quadrinhos filosóficas.

Meet the artist: uma visita às autorrepresentações de Marco Bym e Breeze Sapacegirl

Em meio às diversas redes sociais, como Instagram, Facebook, Twitter e outras, existe uma construção de identidades mediadas por relações pessoais, sociais e tecnológicas. Pautados em como artistas criam seus autorretratos utilizando como forma de divulgação e inspiração a #meettheartist, o seguinte artigo analisa as ilustrações de Breeze Spacegirl (Flávia Borges) e Marco ByM. Com o aporte bibliográfico de Judith Butler, Erwin Panofsky, Karl Erik Schøllhammer dentre outros, busca-se refletir como tais artistas se apresentam enquanto pessoas pretas e não heteronormativas em suas ilustrações ligadas à hashtag no ambiente do Instagram

Enhancement of biogas production rate from bioplastics by alkaline pretreatment

Producción CientíficaThe effect of alkali-based pretreatment on the methanization of bioplastics was investigated. The tested bioplastics included PHB [poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)], PHBH [poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate)], PHBV [poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate], PLA (polylactic acid), and a PLA/PCL [poly(caprolactone)] 80/20 blend. Prior to methanization tests, the powdered polymers (500–1000 μm) at a concentration of 50 g/L were subjected to alkaline pretreatment using NaOH 1 M for PLA and PLA/PCL, and NaOH 2 M for PHB-based materials. Following 7 days of pretreatment, the amount of solubilized carbon for PLA and its blend accounted for 92–98% of the total initial carbon, while lower carbon recoveries were recorded for most PHB-based materials (80–93%), as revealed by dissolved total organic carbon analysis. The pretreated bioplastics were then tested for biogas production by means of mesophilic biochemical methane potential tests. Compared to unpretreated PHBs, methanization rates of pretreated PHBs were accelerated by a factor of 2.7 to 9.1 with comparable (430 NmL CH4/g material feed) or slightly lower (15% in the case of PHBH) methane yields, despite featuring a 1.4–2.3 times longer lag phases. Both materials, PLA and the PLA/PCL blend, were only extensively digested when pretreated, yielding about 360–380 NmL CH4 per gram of material fed. Unpretreated PLA-based materials showed nearly zero methanization under the timeframe and experimental conditions tested. Overall, the results suggested that alkaline pretreatment can help to enhance the methanization kinetics of bioplastics.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación - AEI and European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR (RYC2021‐034559‐I)Junta de Castilla y León - EU-FEDER (CLU 2017-09, CL-EI-2021-07 y UIC 315

Biodegradation of bioplastics under aerobic and anaerobic aqueous conditions: Kinetics, carbon fate and particle size effect

Producción CientíficaThe biodegradation of PHB, PHBV, PBS, PBAT, PCL, PLA, and a PLA-PCL blend was systematically compared under aerobic and anaerobic aqueous conditions assessing biodegradation kinetics, extent, carbon fate and particle size influence (in the range of 100–1000 µm). Under standard test conditions, PHB and PBHV were biodegraded anaerobically (83.9±1.3% and 81.2±1.7%, respectively) in 77 days or aerobically (83.0±1.6% and 87.4±7.5%) in 117 days, while PCL was only biodegraded (77.6±2.4%) aerobically in 177 days. Apparent biomass growth accounted for up to 30.5% of the total initial carbon depending on the bioplastic and environment. Maximum aerobic and anaerobic biodegradation rates were improved up to 331 and 405%, respectively, at the lowest particle size tested (100–250 µm). This study highlights the usefulness of a more detailed analysis of biodegradation kinetics and carbon fate to improve both the development and testing of biodegradable materials/products in the context of a circular bioeconomy.Junta de Castilla y León - Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (projects CLU 2017-09 and UIC 315

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio