The influence of information technology towards better Muslims community.

Information technology (IT) refers to numerous forms of information exchange among two or more computers through the interconnection by using internet. A few decades ago, most of the Islamic literature(s) were only accessible in the limited location and place. For example, in the mosques, Islamic schools and libraries. Muslims communities in the west were suffering getting information related to Islam due to the lack of sources available during that time. But now Muslims around world has become aware about the use of information Technology in spreading the Islamic literature all over the world. This paper shows the significance influence of information technology towards Muslims world

Drugs and drug-like molecules can modulate the function of mucosal-associated invariant T cells

The major-histocompatibility-complex-(MHC)-class-I-related molecule MR1 can present activating and non-activating vitamin-B-based ligands to mucosal-associated invariant T cells (MAIT cells). Whether MR1 binds other ligands is unknown. Here we identified a range of small organic molecules, drugs, drug metabolites and drug-like molecules, including salicylates and diclofenac, as MR1-binding ligands. Some of these ligands inhibited MAIT cells ex vivo and in vivo, while others, including diclofenac metabolites, were agonists. Crystal structures of a T cell antigen receptor (TCR) from a MAIT cell in complex with MR1 bound to the non-stimulatory and stimulatory compounds showed distinct ligand orientations and contacts within MR1, which highlighted the versatility of the MR1 binding pocket. The findings demonstrated that MR1 was able to capture chemically diverse structures, spanning mono- and bicyclic compounds, that either inhibited or activated MAIT cells. This indicated that drugs and drug-like molecules can modulate MAIT cell function in mammals

Ten golden rules for optimal antibiotic use in hospital settings: the WARNING call to action

Antibiotics are recognized widely for their benefits when used appropriately. However, they are often used inappropriately despite the importance of responsible use within good clinical practice. Effective antibiotic treatment is an essential component of universal healthcare, and it is a global responsibility to ensure appropriate use. Currently, pharmaceutical companies have little incentive to develop new antibiotics due to scientific, regulatory, and financial barriers, further emphasizing the importance of appropriate antibiotic use. To address this issue, the Global Alliance for Infections in Surgery established an international multidisciplinary task force of 295 experts from 115 countries with different backgrounds. The task force developed a position statement called WARNING (Worldwide Antimicrobial Resistance National/International Network Group) aimed at raising awareness of antimicrobial resistance and improving antibiotic prescribing practices worldwide. The statement outlined is 10 axioms, or “golden rules,” for the appropriate use of antibiotics that all healthcare workers should consistently adhere in clinical practice

Utformning av modul till cykeltaxi

Under det senaste decenniet har fraktcykeln genomgått något av en återupplivning. Historiskt sett har fraktcykeln använts flitigt för leveranser av post och varor för att eventuellt fasas ut av den moderna bilen. Med tanke på de miljöproblem som då uppstått till följd av människans beroende av bilen har det uppstått en efterfrågan för utsläppsfria fordon. Företag, städer och kommuner har insett potentialen som dagens fraktcykel besitter för att lösa dessa problem. I kombination med dagens teknik har den kommersiella fraktcykeln utrustats med elmotor vilket möjliggör många nya användningsområden för fraktcykeln. I arbetet har ett koncept av en cykeltaximodul för företaget i fråga tagits fram genom systematisk produktutveckling. Konceptets material har bestämts med hjälp av programmet CES EduPack och dess miljöpåverkan i form av en livscykelanalys har studerats genom funktionen EcoAudit i CES EduPack. Konceptet förverkligas genom en 3D-modellering i ritningsprogrammet SolidWorks.During the last decade, the freight bicycle has experienced sort of a revival. Historically, the freight bicycle has been used extensively for deliveries of mail and goods only to become replaced by the modern car. Considering the environmental problems that have come about as a result of humanity’s dependence on modern four-wheeled vehicles, a demand for emission-free vehicles has risen. Companies, cities and municipalities have realized the potential of the modern freight cycle to solve these problems. In line with modern technology, commercial freight bicycle has been equipped with an electric motor, which enables many new areas of applications for the freight bicycle, many of which the freight bicycle can replace the car as the primary mode of transportation. Some of the possible uses are delivery of goods in urban environment and metropolitan areas, bicycle cab and mobility service. In this study, a concept of a module for a bicycle taxi has been developed through a systematic product development process. The material for the concept is selected using CES EduPack where its environmental impact is also studied by the way of a life cycle analysis using the function EcoAudit within the same program. The concept is brought to life by a 3D-model using SolidWorks

Utformning av modul till cykeltaxi

Under det senaste decenniet har fraktcykeln genomgått något av en återupplivning. Historiskt setthar fraktcykeln använts flitigt för leveranser av post och varor för att eventuellt fasas ut av denmoderna bilen. Med tanke på de miljöproblem som då uppstått till följd av människans beroende avbilen har det uppstått en efterfrågan för utsläppsfria fordon. Företag, städer och kommuner harinsett potentialen som dagens fraktcykel besitter för att lösa dessa problem. I kombination meddagens teknik har den kommersiella fraktcykeln utrustats med elmotor vilket möjliggör många nyaanvändningsområden för fraktcykeln. I arbetet har ett koncept av en cykeltaximodul för företaget ifråga tagits fram genom systematisk produktutveckling. Konceptets material har bestämts med hjälpav programmet CES EduPack och dess miljöpåverkan i form av en livscykelanalys har studeratsgenom funktionen EcoAudit i CES EduPack. Konceptet förverkligas genom en 3D-modellering iritningsprogrammet SolidWorks.During the last decade, the freight bicycle has experienced sort of a revival. Historically, the freightbicycle has been used extensively for deliveries of mail and goods only to become replaced by themodern car. Considering the environmental problems that have come about as a result ofhumanity’s dependence on modern four-wheeled vehicles, a demand for emission-free vehicles hasrisen. Companies, cities and municipalities have realized the potential of the modern freight cycle tosolve these problems. In line with modern technology, commercial freight bicycle has been equippedwith an electric motor, which enables many new areas of applications for the freight bicycle, manyof which the freight bicycle can replace the car as the primary mode of transportation. Some of thepossible uses are delivery of goods in urban environment and metropolitan areas, bicycle cab andmobility service. In this study, a concept of a module for a bicycle taxi has been developed through asystematic product development process. The material for the concept is selected using CES EduPackwhere its environmental impact is also studied by the way of a life cycle analysis using the functionEcoAudit within the same program. The concept is brought to life by a 3D-model using SolidWorks

Biennial bearing in apple cultivars.

Biennial bearing is the process in fruit trees by which one year of high fruit load is followed by a very low load or no production the next year. In apple growing, this is a troublesome problem, because of the negative effect on crop yield accumulated over the years, fruit quality, and plant physiology. The objective of this study was to evaluate the biennial bearing of nine apple cultivars, grafted on two rootstocks using of the biennial bearing index (BBI). The indices were calculated for the scion cultivars Maxi-Gala, Gala Real, Royal Gala, Fuji Select, Fuji Suprema, Mishima, Daiane, and Cripps Pink based on the yields from the harvests from 2008 to 2013. The apple cultivars exhibited no significant alternate production, considering the range of variation of the index. For the M-9 rootstock, cv. Fuji Suprema showed the highest BBI. For Marubakaido/M-9, Baigent, Mishima, Fuji Select, and Maxi-Gala showed the highest indices. There was no correlation between the biennial bearing index and the stem cross section of the scion cultivars, regardless of the rootstock used. Keywords: Malus x domestica; yield; fruit thinning Alternância de produção de cultivares de macieira A alternância de produção caracteriza-se por um ano de elevada carga de frutos, seguido de outro ano com produção muito baixa ou nula. Na cultura da macieira é um problema indesejável, devido ao efeito negativo sobre a produtividade acumulada ao longo dos anos, qualidade da fruta e fisiologia da planta. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a alternância de produção de nove cultivares de macieira, enxertadas sobre dois porta-enxertos, por meio da aplicação do índice de alternância de produção (IAP). A partir das produtividades observadas nas safras 2008 a 2013, foram calculados os IAP para as cultivares Baigent, Maxi-Gala, Gala Real, Royal Gala, Fuji Select, Fuji Suprema, Mishima, Daiane e Cripps Pink. As cultivares de macieira não apresentaram forte alternância de produção, considerando a amplitude de variação do índice utilizado. No porta-enxerto M-9, a cultivar Fuji Suprema exibiu IAP maior que as demais cultivares. No Marubakaido/M-9, os maiores índices foram apresentados por "Baigent", "Mishima", "Fuji Select" e "Maxi-Gala". Não houve correlação entre o índice de alternância de produção e a área transversal do caule das cultivares, independentemente do porta-enxerto utilizado. Palavras-chave: Malus x domestica; produtividade; raleio de fruto