Clustering Main Concepts from e-Mails

E–mail is one of the most common ways to communicate, assuming, in some cases, up to 75% of a company’s communication, in which every employee spends about 90 minutes a day in e–mail tasks such as filing and deleting. This paper deals with the generation of clusters of relevant words from E–mail texts. Our approach consists of the application of text mining techniques and, later, data mining techniques, to obtain related concepts extracted from sent and received messages. We have developed a new clustering algorithm based on neighborhood, which takes into account similarity values among words obtained in the text mining phase. The potential of these applications is enormous and only a few companies, mainly large organizations, have invested in this project so far, taking advantage of employees’s knowledge in future decisions

Tracking Turbulent Coherent Structures by Means of Neural Networks

[EN] The behaviours of individual flow structures have become a relevant matter of study in turbulent flows as the computational power to allow their study feasible has become available. Especially, high instantaneous Reynolds Stress events have been found to dominate the behaviour of the logarithmic layer. In this work, we present a viability study where two machine learning solutions are proposed to reduce the computational cost of tracking such structures in large domains. The first one is a Multi-Layer Perceptron. The second one uses Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM). Both of the methods are developed with the objective of taking the the structures' geometrical features as inputs from which to predict the structures' geometrical features in future time steps. Some of the tested Multi-Layer Perceptron architectures proved to perform better and achieve higher accuracy than the LSTM architectures tested, providing lower errors on the predictions and achieving higher accuracy in relating the structures in the consecutive time steps.This work was supported by RTI2018-102256-B-I00 of MINECO/FEDER. The computations of the new simulations were made possible by a generous grant of computing time from the Barcelona Supercomputing Centre, reference AECT-2020-2-0005.Aguilar-Fuertes, JJ.; Noguero-Rodríguez, F.; Jaen Ruiz, JC.; García-Raffi, LM.; Hoyas, S. (2021). Tracking Turbulent Coherent Structures by Means of Neural Networks. Energies. 14(4):1-15. https://doi.org/10.3390/en1404098411514

Discovering α–patterns from gene expression data

The biclustering techniques have the purpose of finding subsets of genes that show similar activity patterns under a subset of conditions. In this paper we characterize a specific type of pattern, that we have called α–pattern, and present an approach that consists in a new biclustering algorithm specifically designed to find α–patterns, in which the gene expression values evolve across the experimental conditions showing a similar behavior inside a band that ranges from 0 up to a pre–defined threshold called α. The α value guarantees the co– expression among genes. We have tested our method on the Yeast dataset and compared the results to the biclustering algorithms of Cheng & Church (2000) and Aguilar & Divina (2005). Results show that the algorithm finds interesting biclusters, grouping genes with similar behaviors and maintaining a very low mean squared residue

CarGene: Characterisation of sets of genes based on metabolic pathways analysis

The great amount of biological information provides scientists with an incomparable framework for testing the results of new algorithms. Several tools have been developed for analysing gene-enrichment and most of them are Gene Ontology-based tools. We developed a Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (Kegg)-based tool that provides a friendly graphical environment for analysing gene-enrichment. The tool integrates two statistical corrections and simultaneously analysing the information about many groups of genes in both visual and textual manner. We tested the usefulness of our approach on a previous analysis (Huttenshower et al.). Furthermore, our tool is freely available (http://www.upo.es/eps/bigs/cargene.html).Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología TIN2007-68084-C02-00Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación PCI2006-A7-0575Junta de Andalucía P07-TIC-02611Junta de Andalucía TIC-20

Neighborhood-Based Clustering of Gene-Gene Interactions

n this work, we propose a new greedy clustering algorithm to identify groups of related genes. Clustering algorithms analyze genes in order to group those with similar behavior. Instead, our approach groups pairs of genes that present similar positive and/or negative interactions. Our approach presents some interesting properties. For instance, the user can specify how the range of each gene is going to be segmented (labels). Some of these will mean expressed or inhibited (depending on the gradation). From all the label combinations a function transforms each pair of labels into another one, that identifies the type of interaction. From these pairs of genes and their interactions we build clusters in a greedy, iterative fashion, as two pairs of genes will be similar if they have the same amount of relevant interactions. Initial two–genes clusters grow iteratively based on their neighborhood until the set of clusters does not change. The algorithm allows the researcher to modify all the criteria: discretization mapping function, gene–gene mapping function and filtering function, and provides much flexibility to obtain clusters based on the level of precision needed. The performance of our approach is experimentally tested on the yeast dataset. The final number of clusters is low and genes within show a significant level of cohesion, as it is shown graphically in the experiments

Non-perturbative comparison of QCD effective charges

We study the non-perturbative behavior of two versions of the QCD effective charge, one obtained from the pinch technique gluon self-energy, and one from the ghost-gluon vertex. Despite their distinct theoretical origin, due to a fundamental identity relating various of the ingredients appearing in their respective definitions, the two effective charges are almost identical in the entire range of physical momenta, and coincide exactly in the deep infrared, where they freeze at a common finite value. Specifically, the dressing function of the ghost propagator is related to the two form factors in the Lorentz decomposition of a certain Green's function, appearing in a variety of field-theoretic contexts. The central identity, which is valid only in the Landau gauge, is derived from the Schwinger-Dyson equations governing the dynamics of the aforementioned quantities. The renormalization procedure that preserves the validity of the identity is carried out, and various relevant kinematic limits and physically motivated approximations are studied in detail. A crucial ingredient in this analysis is the infrared finiteness of the gluon propagator, which is inextricably connected with the aforementioned freezing of the effective charges. Some important issues related to the consistent definition of the effective charge in the presence of such a gluon propagator are resolved. We finally present a detailed numerical study of a special set of Schwinger-Dyson equations, whose solutions determine the non-perturbative dynamics of the quantities composing the two effective charges.Comment: 34 pages, 14 figure

Estudio cristalográfico de los cálculos urinarios de cistina

Presentamos las características más importantes de la cistina para su reconocimiento en la litiasis urinaria, mediante las siguientes técnicas rutinarias de análisis de cálculos: Estudio Macroscópico, Análisis Óptico Diferencial, Lámina Delgada, Difracción de Rayos-X y Espectroscopía Infrarroja

Dibenzothiophene hydrodesulfurization over P-CoMo on sol-gel alumina modified by La addition. Effect of rare-earth content

articuloAlumina-lanthana (La at 1, 3, or 5 wt%) supports were prepared by sol-gel from Al alkoxide sol where La(NO 3 ) 3 was added. Annealed (550 °C) xerogels were characterized by N 2 physisorption, thermal analysis (TG-DTA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy- energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), CO 2 -adsorption studied in IR region, Raman and ultraviolet-vis (UV-vis) spectroscopies. The texture of amorphous binary matrices of high La dispersion was adequate to applications in catalysts for middle distillates hydrodesulfurization (HDS). Generally, the amount and strength of surface basic sites increased with La content in solids. Mo (at 2.8 at. nm −2 ) and Co (at Co/(Co+Mo) = 0.3) were deposited over carriers by one-pot simultaneous impregnation in the presence of PO 4 3− (P 2 O 5 /(NiO+MoO 3 ) = 0.2 mass ratio). Calcined (400 °C) Co-Mo-P impregnated precursors had decreased basicity as to that of corresponding carriers, suggesting strong La-deposited species interaction. As La content in carriers increased Mo=O Raman stretching vibrations shifted to lower wave-numbers (949 to 935 cm −1 ) suggesting octahedral molybdates coordination change to tetrahedral. Although La at the lowest concentration (1 wt%) enhanced dibenzothiophene, HDS (~38% higher as to the Al 2 O 3 -supported formulation) desulfurization was significantly diminished at augmented content. Presence of hardly sulfidable tetrahedral Mo originated during impregnation at basic conditions in pores of La-modified carriers seemed to dictate observed behavior. Rare earth content in formulations enhanced selectivity to biphenyl.: J. Escobar acknowledges financial support from IMP (Y.00105) and SENER-CONACYTHidrocarburos (115086) fund

Polymerized-Type I Collagen Induces Upregulation of Foxp3-Expressing CD4 Regulatory T Cells and Downregulation of IL-17-Producing CD4+ T Cells (Th17) Cells in Collagen-Induced Arthritis

Previous studies showed that polymerized-type I collagen (polymerized collagen) exhibits potent immunoregulatory properties. This work evaluated the effect of intramuscular administration of polymerized collagen in early and established collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in mice and analyzed changes in Th subsets following therapy. Incidence of CIA was of 100% in mice challenged with type II collagen. Clinimorphometric analysis showed a downregulation of inflammation after administration of all treatments (P < 0.05). Histological analysis showed that the CIA-mice group had extensive bone erosion, pannus and severe focal inflammatory infiltrates. In contrast, there was a remarkable reduction in the severity of arthritis in mice under polymerized collagen, methotrexate or methotrexate/polymerized collagen treatment. Polymerized Collagen but not methotrexate induced tissue joint regeneration. Polymerized Collagen and methotrexate/polymerized collagen but not methotrexate alone induces downregulation of CD4+/IL17A+ T cells and upregulation of Tregs and CD4+/IFN-γ+ T cells. Thus, Polymerized Collagen could be an effective therapeutic agent in early and established rheumatoid arthritis by exerting downregulation of autoimmune inflammation

Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement

Traducción de: Moher D, Shamseer L, Clarke M, Ghersi D, LiberatI A, Petticrew M, Shekelle P, Stewart LA, PRISMA-P Group. Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement. Systematic Reviews. 2015; 4(1): 1 - 9. doi: 10.1186/2046-4053-4-1. Traducción con permiso de los/las autores/as. Los autores originales no han revisado ni verificado la traducción del manuscrito al español, y no necesariamente están de acuerdo con su contenido.Las revisiones sistemáticas deben establecerse sobre la base de un protocolo que describa la justificación, la hipótesis y los métodos planificados de la revisión, antes de su realización o publicación; sin embargo pocas revisiones publicadas informan sobre la existencia previa de un protocolo. Disponer de un protocolo detallado y bien escrito puede facilitar la comprensión y valoración de la metodología de la revisión, así como la detección de modificaciones en la metodología o la publicación selectiva en revisiones completadas. El presente trabajo describe el desarrollo de unas directrices de presentación de la información, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-analyses for Protocols 2015 (PRISMA-P 2015). Las directrices PRISMA-P se componen de una lista de verificación de 17 elementos que pretenden facilitar la preparación y presentación de un protocolo sólido para la revisión sistemática. Las instituciones financiadoras y quienes encargan las revisiones podrían considerar la posibilidad de exigir la lista de verificación, a fin de facilitar la presentación de la información relevante del protocolo, para solicitar financiación. De forma similar, los revisores por pares y editores pueden utilizar las directrices para determinar la integridad y transparencia de un protocolo de revisión sistemática presentado a una revista u otro medio para su publicación.Systematic reviews should build on a protocol that describes the rationale, hypothesis, and planned methods of the review; few reviews report whether a protocol exists. Detailed, well-described protocols can facilitate the understanding and appraisal of the review methods, as well as the detection of modifications to methods and selective reporting in completed reviews. We describe the development of a reporting guideline, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses for Protocols 2015 (PRISMA-P 2015). PRISMA-P consists of a 17-item checklist intended to facilitate the preparation and reporting of a robust protocol for the systematic review. Funders and those commissioning reviews might consider mandating the use of the checklist to facilitate the submission of relevant protocol information in funding applications. Similarly, peer reviewers and editors can use the guidance to gauge the completeness and transparency of a systematic review protocol submitted for publication in a journal or other medium