137 research outputs found
Computational approach to the simulation of sapphire crystals growth by horizontal directed crystallization method
In this article we present an integrated approach to sapphire crystals growth simulation. Thermally induced stresses in sapphire crystals growing by horizontal directed crystallization are simulated by finite element method. The simulation results correspond to experimental observations. The results of the investigation allow to improve the process of crystal growth to obtain high quality large sapphire crystal. Β© Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd
Substrate modification influence on properties of nanocomposite based on TiO2 and gold nanoparticles
In this work, we study photo-induced current transfer through nanocomposite structures consisting of the TiO2 coating activated with plasmonic gold nanoparticles on top of pillar-like structured SiO2. It is shown that the photo-response of the nanocomposite can be adjusted via tuning of the heterostructure topology. Processes at the interface between silicon and noble metal nanoparticle play an important role in charge carrier photo-generation. The high photo-activity in visible part of spectrum has been found in the composite, containing pillar-like silicon dioxide nanostructures [1]. The electron transport via the SiO2 layer from the potential well at the TiO2-SiO2 interface to the n-Si conduction band was explained by electron tunneling mechanism. We present the empirical qualitative model which explains experimental results and helps to separate the contributions of different transport mechanisms
ΠΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ² Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Ρ ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ: Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ
oai:www.bmc-rm.org:article/4An essential characteristic of chemical compounds is their biological activity since its presence can become the basis for the use of the substance for therapeutic purposes, or, on the contrary, limit the possibilities of its practical application due to the manifestation of side action and toxic effects. Computer assessment of the biological activity spectra makes it possible to determine the most promising directions for the study of the pharmacological action of particular substances, and to filter out potentially dangerous molecules at the early stages of research. For more than 25 years, we have been developing and improving the computer program PASS (Prediction of Activity Spectra for Substances), designed to predict the biological activity spectrum of substance based on the structural formula of its molecules. The prediction is carried out by the analysis of structure-activity relationships for the training set, which currently contains information on structures and known biological activities for more than one million molecules. The structure of the organic compound is represented in PASS using Multilevel Neighborhoods of Atoms descriptors; the activity prediction for new compounds is performed by the naive Bayes classifier and the structure-activity relationships determined by the analysis of the training set. We have created and improved both local versions of the PASS program and freely available web resources based on PASS (http://www.way2drug.com). They predict several thousand biological activities (pharmacological effects, molecular mechanisms of action, specific toxicity and adverse effects, interaction with the unwanted targets, metabolism and action on molecular transport), cytotoxicity for tumor and non-tumor cell lines, carcinogenicity, induced changes of gene expression profiles, metabolic sites of the major enzymes of the first and second phases of xenobiotics biotransformation, and belonging to substrates and/or metabolites of metabolic enzymes.
The web resource Way2Drug is used by over 19 000 researchers from more than 100 countries around the world, which allowed them to obtain over 600 000 predictions and publish about 500 papers describing the obtained results. The analysis of the published works shows that in some cases the interpretation of the prediction results presented by the authors of these publications requires an adjustment. In this work, we provide the theoretical basis and consider, on particular examples, the opportunities and limitations of computer-aided prediction of biological activity spectra.ΠΠ°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΉ Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈΡ
Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ, ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΡ Π΅Π΅ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠ΅Π²ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ
, Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ, Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ², ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠΈΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ². ΠΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ° ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ° Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ² ΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»Ρ Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ. Π‘Π²ΡΡΠ΅ 25 Π»Π΅Ρ Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΡ PASS (Prediction of Activity Spectra for Substances), ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ° Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ»Π΅ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ». ΠΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ· ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Β«ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ°-Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΒ» Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ, Π² Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΎ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π°Ρ
Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΌΠΈΠ»Π»ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ». ΠΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ» ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π² PASS ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ Π΄Π΅ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ (Multilevel Neighborhoods of Atoms), ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΎΠΌ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Β«Π½Π°ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΠ°ΠΉΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π°Β» ΠΈ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Β«ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ°-Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΒ», Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ. ΠΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½Ρ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΡ PASS, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΡΠΏΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π² ΠΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π΅Ρ Π²Π΅Π±-ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ PASS (http://way2drug.com): ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ· Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΡΡΡ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ (ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ, ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ, ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈ, ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡ, Π³Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ), ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ· ΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΡ
ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ· ΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ· ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Π΅ΠΉ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ², ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ· Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ², Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ· ΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ· ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊ ΡΡΠ±ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΈ/ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌ ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ².
ΠΠ΅Π±-ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΡ Way2Drug ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡΡ ΡΠ²ΡΡΠ΅ 19 ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈΠ· 100 ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ ΠΌΠΈΡΠ°, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ²ΡΡΠ΅ 600 ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎ 500 ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡ Ρ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ². ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ, ΡΡΠΎ Π² Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ·Π° ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ. Π ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ
Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΌ Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Ρ
Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ² Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ
SELEX RICH Performance and Physics Results
SELEX took data in the 1996/7 Fixed Target Run at Fermilab. The excellent
performance parameters of the SELEX RICH Detector had direct influence on the
quality of the obtained physics results.Comment: Contributed talk at the Fourth Workshop on RICH Detectors, June 5-10,
2002, Pylos, Greece. Accepted for publication in NIM
Recommended from our members
A new generation of 99.999% enriched 28Si single crystals for the determination of Avogadro's constant
A metrological challenge is currently underway to replace the present definition of the kilogram. One prerequisite for this is that the Avogadro constant, NA, which defines the number of atoms in a mole, needs to be determined with a relative uncertainty of better than 2ββΓββ10β8. The method applied in this case is based on the x-ray crystal density experiment using silicon crystals. The first attempt, in which silicon of natural isotopic composition was used, failed. The solution chosen subsequently was the usage of silicon highly enriched in 28Si from Russia. First, this paper reviews previous efforts from the very first beginnings to an international collaboration with the goal of producing a 28Si single crystal with a mass of 5βkg, an enrichment greater than 0.9999 and of sufficient chemical purity. Then the paper describes the activities of a follow-up project, conducted by PTB, to produce a new generation of highly enriched silicon in order to demonstrate the quasi-industrial and reliable production of more than 12βkg of the 28Si material with enrichments of five nines. The intention of this project is also to show the availability of 28Si single crystals as a guarantee for the future realisation of the redefined kilogram
Measurement of the Ds lifetime
We report precise measurement of the Ds meson lifetime. The data were taken
by the SELEX experiment (E781) spectrometer using 600 GeV/c Sigma-, pi- and p
beams. The measurement has been done using 918 reconstructed Ds. The lifetime
of the Ds is measured to be 472.5 +- 17.2 +- 6.6 fs, using K*(892)0K+- and phi
pi+- decay modes. The lifetime ratio of Ds to D0 is 1.145+-0.049.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures submitted to Phys. Lett.
Confirmation of the Double Charm Baryon Xi_cc+ via its Decay to p D+ K-
We observes a signal for the double charm baryon Xi_cc+ in the charged decay
mode Xi_cc+ -> p D+ K- to complement the previously reported decay Xi_cc+ ->
Lambda_c K- pi+ in data from SELEX, the charm hadro-production experiment
(E781) at Fermilab. In this new decay mode we observe an excess of 5.62 events
over an expected background estimated by event mixing to be 1.38+/-0.13 events.
The Poisson probability that a background fluctuation can produce the apparent
signal is less than 6.4E-4. The observed mass of this state is
(3518+/-3)MeV/c^2, consistent with the published result. Averaging the two
results gives a mass of (3518.7+/-1.7)MeV/c^2. The observation of this new weak
decay mode confirms the previous SELEX suggestion that this state is a double
charm baryon. The relative branching ratio Gamma(Xi_cc+ -> pD+K-)/Gamma(Xi_cc+
-> Lambda_c K- pi+) = 0.36+/-0.21.Comment: 11 pages, 6 included eps figures. v2 includes improved statistical
method to determine significance of observation. Submitted to PL
Azimuthal anisotropy and correlations in p+p, d+Au and Au+Au collisions at 200 GeV
We present the first measurement of directed flow () at RHIC. is
found to be consistent with zero at pseudorapidities from -1.2 to 1.2,
then rises to the level of a couple of percent over the range . The latter observation is similar to data from NA49 if the SPS rapidities
are shifted by the difference in beam rapidity between RHIC and SPS.
Back-to-back jets emitted out-of-plane are found to be suppressed more if
compared to those emitted in-plane, which is consistent with {\it jet
quenching}. Using the scalar product method, we systematically compared
azimuthal correlations from p+p, d+Au and Au+Au collisions. Flow and non-flow
from these three different collision systems are discussed.Comment: Quark Matter 2004 proceeding, 4 pages, 3 figure
Azimuthal anisotropy: the higher harmonics
We report the first observations of the fourth harmonic (v_4) in the
azimuthal distribution of particles at RHIC. The measurement was done taking
advantage of the large elliptic flow generated at RHIC. The integrated v_4 is
about a factor of 10 smaller than v_2. For the sixth (v_6) and eighth (v_8)
harmonics upper limits on the magnitudes are reported.Comment: 4 pages, 6 figures, contribution to the Quark Matter 2004 proceeding
- β¦