Acompa?amiento familiar en el rendimiento escolar en el grado tercero de la Instituci?n Educativa Mar?a Inmaculada del municipio de Flandes

55 p. Recurso Electr?nicoEn el presente trabajo de investigaci?n se pretende identificar la influencia del acompa?amiento familiar en el rendimiento escolar de los ni?os y ni?as del grado tercero de la instituci?n educativa Mar?a Inmaculada del municipio de Flandes del departamento del Tolima. Con el prop?sito de determinar el bajo resultado de las pruebas saber 2015 y fortalecer los v?nculos entre padres e hijos. En cuanto al dise?o metodol?gico se utiliz? el enfoque cualitativo, apoyado en el enfoque etnogr?fico, realizando un tipo de investigaci?n por medio del estudio de casos porque hace una descripci?n en particular del entorno familiar, la comunicaci?n en la familia y vivencia personal del ni?o. La muestra del estudio son 10 familias, con ni?os entre 8-10 a?os. Los instrumentos que se utilizaron fueron entrevistas con los estudiantes, entrevista con el director del curso, encuestas a padres de familia y talleres grupales con una estrategia participativa y reflexiva donde se crearon espacios propicios para el di?logo y la comunicaci?n. Los resultados de esta investigaci?n, revelaron que el acompa?amiento escolar en este contexto es escaso, ya que las pr?cticas educativas para el aprendizaje son limitadas, por la falta de tiempo, escolaridad, estrategias, h?bitos de estudio, motivaci?n por parte de los padres o figuras representativas, le atribuyen importancia desde sus visiones, expectativas y significados.his research aims to identify the influence of family support on the school performance of children in the third grade of the educational institution Mar?a Inmaculada in the municipality of Flandes in the department of Tolima. In order to determine the low-test results to know 2015 and strengthen the links between parents and children As for the methodological design, the qualitative approach was used, based on the ethnographic approach, carrying out a type of investigation through the study of cases because it makes a particular description of the family environment, communication in the family and personal experience of the child. The sample of the study are 10 families, with children between 8-10 years. The instruments used were interviews with the students, interview with the course director, parent surveys and group workshops with a participatory and reflective strategy where spaces were created conducive to dialogue and communication. The results of this research revealed that school attendance in this context is scarce, since the educational practices for learning are limited, due to lack of time, schooling, strategies, study habits, motivation by parents or figures Represent it from their visions, expectations and meanings. Keywords: learning practices, accompaniment, performanc

Oncogenic Potential of Bisphenol A and Common Environmental Contaminants in Human Mammary Epithelial Cells

There is an ample epidemiological evidence to support the role of environmental contaminants such as bisphenol A (BPA) in breast cancer development but the molecular mechanisms of their action are still not fully understood. Therefore, we sought to analyze the effects of three common contaminants (BPA; 4-tert-octylphenol, OP; hexabromocyclododecane, HBCD) on mammary epithelial cell (HME1) and MCF7 breast cancer cell line. We also supplied some data on methoxychlor, MXC; 4-nonylphenol, NP; and 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo [4–b] pyridine, PhIP. We focused on testing the prolonged (two months) exposure to low nano-molar concentrations (0.0015–0.0048 nM) presumed to be oncogenic and found that they induced DNA damage (evidenced by upregulation of pH2A.X, pCHK1, pCHK2, p-P53) and disrupted the cell cycle. Some agents induced epigenetic (methylation) changes of tumor suppressor genes TIMP3, CHFR, ESR1, IGSF4, CDH13, and GSTP1. Obviously, the accumulation of these molecular alterations is an essential base for cancer development. Consistent with this, we observed that these agents increased cellular invasiveness through collagen. Cellular abilities to form colonies in soft agar were increased for MCF7. Toxic agents induced phosphorylation of protein kinase such as EGFR, CREB, STAT6, c-Jun, STAT3, HSP6, HSP27, AMPKα1, FAK, p53, GSK-3α/β, and P70S6 in HME1. Most of these proteins are involved in potential oncogenic pathways. Overall, these data clarify the molecular alterations that can be induced by some common environmental contaminants in mammary epithelial cells which could be a foundation to understand environmental carcinogenesis

Olfactomedin-4 is a candidate biomarker of solid gastric, colorectal, pancreatic, head and neck, and prostate cancers

Olfactomedin-4 (OLFM4, OLM4) is a 72 kDa secreted glycoprotein belonging to the olfactomedin family. The OLFM4 gene expression is regulated by the transcription factors NF-kappa B and AP-1, and the OLM4 functions are poorly understood. OLM4 has been described as being able to interact with cell surface proteins such as lectins and concanavalin-A suggesting that one function of OLM4 is to regulate cell adhesion and migration. OLM4 is a marker for intestinal stem cells and is expressed at the bottom of the intestinal crypts. Expression of OLM4 during tumor development showed that OLM4 expression is increased in the early stages of tumor initiation. As OLM4 is a secreted protein, it is a prime candidate for biomarker research for tumor detection or progression. Levels of circulating OLM4 were significantly higher in patients with gastric, colorectal, and pancreatic cancers than in healthy subjects

Europium substitution effects in superconducting YBa2Cu4O8 synthesized under one atmosphere oxygen pressure

Y1−xEuxBa2Cu4O8 powder samples, with x=0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1.0, were synthesized at ambient pressure using either an acetate-tartrate sol-gel method or a LiF flux process. The lattice parameters and purity of the samples were checked using X-ray diffraction. The superconducting transition was monitored by magnetic-susceptibility measurements. Replacing yttrium with europium increased the unit-cell volume, decreased the orthorhombicity (b/a) and the critical temperature. The hyperfine interactions at the europium site were studied by Eu151 Mössbauer spectroscopy. The complete quadrupole Hamiltonian of the 21.5-keV γ transition of Eu151 was successfully applied in the analyses of the Mössbauer spectra. The Mössbauer parameters obtained were found to resemble those measured for the EuBa2Cu3Cu3O7−δ (1:2:3) system. It was demonstrated that magnetic alignment of the crystallites could not be obtained with an 11.7-T field, contrary to the 1:2:3 and other high-Tc systems. The magnetic susceptibility for 1:2:4 single crystals appears to be isotropic.Peer reviewe

Analysis of the Degradation of Broad-Spectrum Cephalosporins by OXA-48-Producing Enterobacteriaceae Using MALDI-TOF MS

The objective of the study was to evaluate the activity of OXA-48 against different broad-spectrum cephalosporins and to identify the reaction products by MALDI-TOF MS. The action of OXA-48 on cefotaxime, ceftazidime, and ceftriaxone was assessed by this method, using an Escherichia coli J53 transconjugant carrying only the ~62 Kb IncL plasmid containing the blaOXA-48 gene, and the same strain without any plasmid was included as a negative control. In addition, a collection of 17 clinical OXA-48-producing Enterobacteriaceae, which were susceptible to broad-spectrum cephalosporins, was evaluated. MALDI-TOF MS-based analysis of the E. coli transconjugant carrying the blaOXA-48-harboring plasmid, and also the clinical isolates, showed degradation of cefotaxime into two inactive compounds-decarboxylated and deacetylated cefotaxime (~370 Da) and deacetyl cefotaxime (~414 Da), both with the hydrolyzed beta-lactam ring. Reaction products were not obtained when the experiment was performed with ceftriaxone or ceftazidime. From a clinical point of view, our study supports the idea that the efficacy of cefotaxime against OXA-48-producing Enterobacteriaceae is doubtful, in contrast to ceftazidime and ceftriaxone which could be valid choices for treating infections caused by these bacteria. However, further clinical studies confirming this hypothesis are required

Genetic Risk Score Enhances Coronary Artery Disease Risk Prediction in Individuals With Type 1 Diabetes

OBJECTIVE Individuals with type 1 diabetes are at a high lifetime risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), calling for early interventions. This study explores the use of a genetic risk score (GRS) for CAD risk prediction, compares it to established clinical markers, and investigates its performance according to the age and pharmacological treatment. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This study in 3,295 individuals with type 1 diabetes from the Finnish Diabetic Nephropathy Study (467 incident CAD, 14.8 years follow-up) used three risk scores: a GRS, a validated clinical score, and their combined score. Hazard ratios (HR) were calculated with Cox regression, and model performances were compared with the Harrell C-index (C-index). RESULTS A HR of 6.7 for CAD was observed between the highest and the lowest 5th percentile of the GRS (P = 1.8 x 10(-6)). The performance of GRS (C-index = 0.562) was similar to HbA(1c) (C-index = 0.563, P = 0.96 for difference), HDL (C-index = 0.571, P = 0.6), and total cholesterol (C-index = 0.594, P = 0.1). The GRS was not correlated with the clinical score (r = -0.013, P = 0.5). The combined score outperformed the clinical score (C-index = 0.813 vs. C-index = 0.820, P = 0.003). The GRS performed better in individuals below the median age (38.6 years) compared with those above (C-index = 0.637 vs. C-index = 0.546). CONCLUSIONS A GRS identified individuals at high risk of CAD and worked better in younger individuals. GRS was also an independent risk factor for CAD, with a predictive power comparable to that of HbA(1c) and HDL and total cholesterol, and when incorporated into a clinical model, modestly improved the predictions. The GRS promises early risk stratification in clinical practice by enhancing the prediction of CAD.Peer reviewe

Prediction of irradiation embrittlement in WWER-440 Reactor Pressure Vessel materials

Prediction of irradiation embrittlement of Reactor Pressure Vessel (RPV) materials is performed usually in accordance with relevant codes and standards that are based on large amount of information from surveillance and research programs. The existing Russian Code (Standard for Strength Calculations of Components and Piping in Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs) – PNAE G 7-002-86) for the WWER RPV irradiation embrittlement assessment was approved more than 20 years ago and based mostly on the experimental data obtained in research reactors with accelerated irradiation. The validation of the above Code has been made without the surveillance specimen results that were produced in 1980-1990s. Thus, new analysis of all available data was required for more precise prediction of radiation embrittlement of RPV materials. Based on the fact that large amount of data from surveillance program as well as some research programs, IAEA International Database on RPV Materials (IDRPVM) has been used for the detailed analysis radiation embrittlement of WWER RPV materials. Thus, the following activities have been performed within the IAEA Co-ordinated project: Collection of complete WWER-440 surveillance and other similarly important data into the IDRPVM, Analysis of radiation embrittlement data of WWER-440 RPV materials using IDRPVM database, Evaluation of predictive formulae depending on material chemical composition, neutron fluence and neutron flux, Development of the guidelines for prediction of radiation embrittlement of operating reactor pressure vessels of WWER-440 including methodology for evaluation of surveillance data of a specific operating unit.Прогнозування радіаційного окрихчення матеріалів внутрішньо корпусних пристроїв (ВКП) зазвичай виконується у відповідності з кодами та стандартами, заснованими на численній інформації, що була накопичена на базі модельних та дослідницьких програм. Існуючий Російський Код (Стандарт для обчислення міцності компонентів і трубопроводів в атомних електростанціях (АЕС)-PNAE G 7 –002-86) для оцінки радіаційного окрихчення ВКП реакторів ВВЕР зарекомендував себе на протязі більш, ніж 20 років; він заснован на експриментальних даних, отриманих в дослідницьких реакторах з прискореним опроміненням. Оцінка вище згаданого Кода була виконана без результатів із зразків-свідків, які були отримані у 1980-1990 роках. Таким чином, необхідно провести новий аналіз усіх наявних даних для більш точного прогнозування радіаційного окрихчення матеріалів ВКП. На підставі того факту, що було використано велику кількість даних з макетних та дослідницьких програм, Міжнародна база даних МАГАТЕ по матеріалам ВКП біла використана для докладного аналізу радіаційного окрихчення ВКП матеріалів для реакторів ВВЕР. Таким чином, в межах Координаційного проекту МАГАТЕ було виконано наступне: Збирання повних даних із зразків-свідків ВВЕР-440 та інших подібних важливих даних в Міжнародну базу даних, аналіз даних по радіаційному окрихченню ВКП матеріалів ВВЕР-440 з використанням міжднародної бази даних, оцінка формули прогнозування в залежності від хімічного складу матеріалу, флюенса нейтронів та нейтронного потоку, розробка основних положень для прогнозування радіаційного окрихчення експлуатуємих внутрішньо корпусних пристроїв ВВЕР-440, включно з методологією для оцінки контрольних даних конкретної діючої установки.Предсказание радиационного охрупчивания материалов внутрикорпустных устройств (ВКУ) обычно выполняется в соотвествии с кодами и стандартами, основанными на обширной информации, накопленной в ходе модельных и исследовательских программ. Существующий Российский Код (Стандарт для вычислений прочности и компонентов и трубопроводов в атомных электростанциях (АЭС) – PNAE G 7-002-86) для оценки радиационного охрупчивания ВКУ реакторов ВВЭР хорошо зарекомендовал себя на протяжении более чем 20 лет; он основан на экспериментальных данных, полученных в исследовательских реакторах с ускоренным облучением. Оценка упомянутого выше Кода была выполнена без результатов с образцов-свидетелей, которые были получены в 1980-1990 годах. Таким образом, необходим новый анализ всех имеющихся данных для более точного прогнозирования радиационного охрупчивания материалов ВКУ. На основании того факта, что было использовано большое количество данных с макетных и исследовательских программ, Международная База данных МАГАТЭ по материалам ВКУ была использована для подробного анализа радиационного охрупчивания ВКУ материалов для реакторов ВВЭР. Таким образом, в рамках Координационного проекта МАГАТЭ были выполнено следующее: сбор полных данных с образцов-свидетелей ВВЕР-440 и других подобных важных данных в Международную базу данных; анализ данных по радиационному охрупчиванию ВКУ материалов ВВЭР-440 с использованием международной базы данных; оценка формулы прогнозирования в зависимости от химического состава материала, флюенса нейтронов и нейтронного потока, разработка основных положений для предсказания радиационного охрупчивания эксплуатируемых внутрикорпусных устройств ВВЭР-440, включая методологию для оценки контрольных данных конкретной действующей установки

Use of a Semi-Mechanistic Analytical Model to Analyze Radiation Embrittlement of Model Alloys: Cu and P Effects

We performed analysis of the basic mechanism of radiation embrittlement of steels and weld seams with account of the direct matrix fracture, precipitation and segregation of chemical elements. A model is proposed, which describes matrix fracture due to its neutron bombardment and for 11 model alloys provides an accurate description of the processes of primary embrittlement and re-embrittlement after scheduled heat treatment (annealing). The distinctive features of the proposed model are a possibility of explaining the embrittlement processes before and after annealing for alloys with low (or zero) Ni content and its applicability to the analysis of operational behavior of WWER materials.Выполнен анализ основного механизма радиационного охрупчивания сталей и сварных швов с учетом разрушения матрицы материала, осаждения и выделения химических элементов. Предложена модель разрушения матрицы вследствие нейтронной бомбардировки, что позволяет достаточно точно описать для 11 модельных сплавов процессы первичного и вторичного охрупчивания после плановой термообработки (отпуск). Особенностью модели является возможность объяснения отличий между процессами охрупчивания до и после отпуска сплавов с малым (или нулевым) содержанием никеля, что позоляет использовать ее для анализа поведения материалов, используемых в реакторах ВВЭР, при эксплуатации.Виконано аналіз механізму радіаційного окрихчення сталей та зварних швів з урахуванням руйнування матриці матеріалу, осадження і виділення хімічних елементів. Запропоновано модель руйнування матриці унаслідок нейтронного бомбардування, що дозволяє достатньо точно описати для 11 модельних сплавів процеси первинного і вторинного окрихчення після планової термообробки (відпуск). Особливістю моделі є можливість пояснити відмінності між процесами окрихчення до і після відпуску сплавів із малим (або нульовим) вмістом нікелю, що дозволяє проводити аналіз поведінки матеріалів для реакторів ВВЕР при експлуатації

Soft tissue sarcomas of the trunk wall (STS-TW): a study of 343 patients from the French Sarcoma Group (FSG) database

Background: Soft tissue sarcomas of the trunk wall (STS-TW) are usually studied together with soft tissue sarcomas of other locations. We report a study on STS-TW forming part of the French Sarcoma Group database. Patients and methods: Three hundred and forty-three adults were included. We carried out univariate and multivariate analysis for overall survival (OS), metastasis-free survival (MFS) and local recurrence-free survival (LRFS). Results: Tumor locations were as follows: thoracic wall, 82.5%; abdominal wall, 12.3% and pelvic wall, 5.2%. Median tumor size was 6.0 cm. The most frequent tumor types were unclassified sarcoma (27.7%) and myogenic sarcoma (19.2%). A total of 44.6% of cases were grade 3. In all, 21.9% of patients had a previous medical history of radiotherapy (PHR). Median follow-up was 7.6 years. The 5-year OS, MFS and LRFS rates were 60.4%, 68.9% and 58.4%, respectively. Multivariate analysis retained PHR and grade for predicting LRFS and PHR, size and grade as prognostic factors of MFS. Factors influencing OS were age, size, PHR, depth, grade and surgical margins. The predictive factors of incomplete response were PHR, size and T3. Conclusions: Our results suggest similar classical prognostic factors as compared with sarcomas of other locations. However, a separate analysis of STS-TW revealed a significant poor prognosis subgroup of patients with PH

Effect of serum sample storage temperature on metabolomic and proteomic biomarkers

Prospective biomarker studies can be used to identify biomarkers predictive of disease onset. However, if serum biomarkers are measured years after their collection, the storage conditions might affect analyte concentrations. Few data exists concerning which metabolites and proteins are affected by storage at - 20 degrees C vs - 80 degrees C. Our objectives were to document analytes affected by storage of serum samples at - 20 degrees C vs - 80 degrees C, and to identify those indicative of the storage temperature. We utilized liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and Luminex to quantify 300 analytes from serum samples of 16 Finnish individuals with type 1 diabetes, with split-aliquot samples stored at - 80 degrees C and - 20 degrees C for a median of 4.2 years. Results were validated in 315 Finnish and 916 Scottish individuals with type 1 diabetes, stored at -20 degrees C and at - 80 degrees C, respectively. After quality control, we analysed 193 metabolites and proteins of which 120 were apparently unaffected and 15 clearly susceptible to storage at - 20 degrees C vs - 80 degrees C. Further, we identified serum glutamate/glutamine ratio greater than 0.20 as a biomarker of storage at - 20 degrees C vs - 80 degrees C. The results provide a catalogue of analytes unaffected and affected by storage at - 20 degrees C vs - 80 degrees C and biomarkers indicative of suboptimal storage.Peer reviewe