«The Ball Lightning»: Physics Base & Conceptual Views Complex

The complex of conceptual views about ball lightning (BL) as containing surplus electrical charge quasi-stationary material foundation with distinctions between levels of translation temperature and exciting temperatures of chemical bonds and electron energy states has been offered and is substantiated in the paper. The being formed complex is grounded upon overstepping the limits of generally accepted physical base and is aimed at all-round substantiation of jointly observed in nature manifestations ob BL. Within the limits of the being formed complex the possibility of localization of ball lightning in airspace is confirmed. The nature of the one’s radiate capacity is substantiated. The role of environment as source that feeds BL with energy is established. Power supply mechanisms, conditions and peculiarities of BL’s characteristics reproduction through lifetime are specified. The formations channels of energy resources of BL are turned out. Levels of BL’s energy potentialities, both permissibility proper and wide diapason of variation of the ones (multi-faces of ball lightning) are substantiated. Adequacy of being formulated conceptual views as a whole is confirmed

Using a Bias Potential in a Constant and Pulse Modes for Structural Engineering Vacuum Arc Nanocrystalline Coatings of Zirconium Nitride

In order to develop the direction of "structural engineering nitride coatings" in the work conducted systematic analysis of the impact of the negative bias potential (direct and high-voltage pulse) on the structure, substructure and mechanical properties of ZrN coatings obtained by vacuum arc evaporation. Defined boundary value of (– 100 V) DC potential applied to the substrate, below which a high-voltage pulse potential (– 1200 ... – 2000 V quantity that allows to form peaks bias) makes a decisive contribution to the formation of preferred orientation of the crystallites with the [110] axis. The highest values of hardness 43 GPa are achieved at a constant potential -70 V. Supply high-voltage pulse shifts the maximum hardness in the direction of a greater value of the constant potential

Internal documentary control system of economic agents as a factor of business economic security

Considered and studied internal documentary control system of economic agents as a f actor of husiness economic security. Proposed a matrix of internal documentary collfrol system of economic agents. Lnvesting the basic standarts of documentary control to be used in the enterprise

Experimental Stand for Investigations of Insulator Degradation and Electrode Erosion in High-current Breaker

An experimental stand for studies of electric arc, electrode erosion and insulator degradation processes in high-current circuit breakers and some preliminary experimental data is described. The setup includes a discharge chamber, a capacitive energy storage with capacitance of 0.11 F, voltage up to 10 kV, and all necessary diagnostic techniques. The stand is designed for modeling current pulse with amplitude of 3–150 kA and duration of the first half period of 1.0–3.0  ms during the process of disconnecting the ring and the pin contacts. The arc is cooled by transverse gas blowing at pressure in the chamber of 0.5–3 MPa. Acquired experimental data can be used for verification of the modelling results of the heat transfer processes in the discharge chamber. At the stand, advanced composite materials based on carbon and iron-copper pseudoalloy are studied

Topological Dirac Semimetal Na3Bi Films in the Ultrathin Limit via Alternating Layer Molecular Beam Epitaxy

Ultrathin films of Na3Bi on insulating substrates are desired for opening a bulk band gap and generating the quantum spin Hall effect from a topological Dirac semimetal, though continuous films in the few nanometer regime have been difficult to realize. Here, we utilize alternating layer molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) to achieve uniform and continuous single crystal films of Na3Bi(0001) on insulating Al2O3(0001) substrates and demonstrate electrical transport on films with 3.8 nm thickness (4 unit cells). The high material quality is confirmed through in situ reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED), scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), x-ray diffraction (XRD), and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). In addition, these films are employed as seed layers for subsequent growth by codeposition, leading to atomic layer-by-layer growth as indicated by RHEED intensity oscillations. These material advances facilitate the pursuit of quantum phenomena in thin films of Dirac semimetals.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figure

Fractal Graphs and their Properties

The idea of representing urban structure and various communication systems (water and energy supply, telephone and cable TV networks) as fractal objects is not absolutely new. However, known works, devoted to this problem use models and approaches from fractal physics. For example, to simulate urban growth Diffusion Limited Aggregation (DLA) model and Dielectric Breakdown (DB) model are used. This study introduces a different approach. Net structure of communication system is described by a graph of special type called regular G(l,r,n)-graph. Authors provide description of such graph, develop iterative process for its generation and prove its self-similarity, i.e. that every regular graph is a pre-fractal. After the infinite number of steps this process generates a fractal. The devised algorithm for generation and grathical representation of regular G(l,r,n)-graphs with different values of l,r and n has been programmed to receive computer simulations. For optimal graphic presentation of pre-fractals the Optimal Space Ordering method was suggested. It is based on the minimization of the >graph energygraph energy< is directly related to the graph's fractal properties. For G(3,3,n) and G(4,4,n) graphs fractal dimensions calculated by different methods are the same (D=1,5 and D=2 respectively), while topological dimension of both graphs is 1

Pharmacological blockade of cannabinoid type II receptors and mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in a model of peripheral neuropathic pain

Objective. To evaluate the anti-nociceptive and reparative effects of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) under the pharmacological blockade of cannabinoid CB2 receptors in a model of peripheral neuropathic pain.Material and methods. In 40 male Wistar rats, modeling of peripheral neuropathy (NP) was performed by excising a sciatic nerve. On day 7 of the study, ADMSCs (1 × 106 cells/kg) were transplanted into the area of sciatic nerve injury without additional influences or after administration of the CB2 receptor antagonist AM630, as well as after incubation with AM630. Within 90  days, nociceptive sensitivity was studied, as well as a detailed analysis of gait using CatWalk XT (Noldus, Netherlands). On day 21 and day 90, histostructure of the distal segment of the sciatic nerve was assessed.Results. Pharmacological blockade of CB2 receptors both on the ADMSCs and in the soft tissues surrounding the site of sciatic nerve injury led to a decrease in withdrawal threshold and withdrawal latency from day 28 of the study compared with the group of rats with NP and transplantation of ADMSCs only. Local injection of AM630 before transplantation of ADMSCs contributed to the development of  NP-induced gait disturbances and increase of the number of damaged nerve fibers in the distal segment of sciatic nerve. Transplantation of ADMSCs pretreated with  AM630 did not significantly affect the rate of recovery of gait parameters, and decreased the number of damaged nerve fibers by day 90 of study.Conclusion. Blockade of CB2 receptors, both on the membranes of MSCs and in the area of damage to the peripheral nerve, has a negative effect on the development of the anti-nociceptive and reparative effects of MSCs

Оптимизация иммуносупрессивной терапии при выполнении третьей пересадки почки в раннем послеоперационном периоде. Клиническое наблюдение

The choice of immunosuppressive therapy is determined by the degree of sensitization to the histocompatibility gene complex on chromosome 6 (HLA). The risk of rejection in the early periods after surgery  increases for the patients with repeated kidney transplantation. Optimizing immunosuppressive therapy is the only  way to prolong the life of a patient with a terminal stage of chronic renal failure. имости на 6-й хромосоме (НLA). The analysis of a clinical case of a 47-year-old patient who was undergoing treatment at the N.V. Sklifosovsky Scientific Research Institute of Emergency Medicine after the third allotransplantation of a cadaveric kidney in 2016 was performed. The patient was diagnosed with chronic glomerulonephritis (IgA-nephropathy) chronic end-stage renal failure; in the early postoperative period, in addition to basic immunosuppression, anti-lymphocytic polyclonal antibodies were prescribed in combination with plasmapheresis sessions for the treatment and prevention of acute rejection crisis in the early postoperative period. For the first time, in order to prevent the development of an acute rejection crisis and minimize infectious complications of immunosuppressive therapy in the recipient after the third kidney transplant, plasmapheresis sessions were used using a plasmapheresis filter with a polymethylacrylate membrane in combination with a short course of polyclonal antibodies.Выбор иммуносупрессивной терапии определяется степенью сенсибилизации к  комплексу генов гистосовместимости на 6-й хромосоме (НLA). У пациентов при повторной  пересадке почки риск отторжения в ранние сроки после операции увеличивается. Оптимизация иммуносупрессивной терапии – единственный путь продления жизни пациента с хронической почечной недостаточностью в терминальной стадии. Проведен анализ  клинического случая пациента 47 лет после выполнения третьей аллотрансплантации  трупной почки в 2016 г., находившегося на лечении в НИИ СП им. Н.В. Склифосовского с диагнозом «хронический гломерулонефрит (IgA-нефропатия), хроническая почечная недостаточность, терминальная стадия». В раннем послеоперационном периоде помимо  базовой иммуносупрессии были назначены антилимфоцитарные поликлональные антитела в сочетании с сеансами плазмафереза для лечения и профилактики острого криза отторжения в ранние сроки после операции.Впервые с целью профилактики развития острого криза отторжения, минимизации  инфекционных осложнений иммуносупрессивной терапии у реципиента после третьей  пересадки почки были применены сеансы плазмафереза с использованием плазмофильтра с полиметокрилатной мембраной в сочетании с коротким курсом поликлональных антител