Literatura y atención sanitaria : voluntariado para el fomento de la lectoescritura en la Universidad de Sevilla

el Plan Integral para el Fomento de la Lectoescritura-Universidad de Sevilla (PIFLUS) recibe una larga herencia de voluntariado que se ha venido desarrollando desde los años noventa en la planta infantil de los dos hospitales universitarios (HU) de la ciudad: HU Virgen Macarena y HU Virgen del Rocío. Desde su triple compromiso de formación, investigación y transferencia del conocimiento, este plan estratégico se ha propuesto recopilar el trabajo de más de una década para dotarlo de una metodología específica con la que formar a los voluntarios de las nuevas promociones de alumnos pertenecientes a estudios de grado, máster, doctorado y aula de la experiencia. Partiendo de los conceptos de conciencia metalingüística, oralidad, puesta en escena, teoría de la intertextualidad y con el álbum ilustrado como herramienta privilegiada para comunicar literatura infantil y juvenil trataremos de autoevaluar el proceso exponiendo sus claves. En este empeño consideraremos la lectoescritura, el doble proceso de lectura y escritura que se retroalimenta, como la mejor garantía de comprensión lectora e inteligencia creadora en nuestra experiencia con niños.our Literacy encouraging program at the University of Seville receives a long legacy of volunteerism that has been developing since the nineties in the children floor of the two university hospitals in the city: Virgen Macarena and Virgen del Rocío. From its triple commitment of training, research and knowledge transfer, this strategic plan which already collected more than a decade of work and research wants to launch a specific method for the new promotions of students from degree, master, PhD and the third age students. Based on concepts around metalinguistic selfconscience, orality, staging, intertextuality and with the illustrated book as the main tool to communicate literature to children, let us try to expose our keys and make a self evaluation. Taking this challenge, we consider literacy as a double reading and writing process linked by a feedback, as this is the, according to our experience with children, the best guarantee of reading comprehension and creative intelligence

An electron transparent proton detector for neutron decay studies

9 páginas, 12 figuras, 4 tablas.We have developed an ultrathin (<100 nm), very strong polyimide foil which can span more than 6×6 cm2 and is ideal for the fabrication of low energy proton detectors. We have produced a proton detector geometry in which protons incident on the foil with kinetic energies greater than about 25 keV produce, on average, more than ten secondary electrons in a conversion crystal evaporated on the back face of the foil. These secondary electrons can be "postaccelerated" and counted in a variety of detectors. The polyimide foils are much more durable than carbon foils previously used in similar detection geometries. LiF was chosen as the conversion crystal, which is relatively insensitive to exposure to air, improving their secondary electron yield under typical operating conditions. In addition, we describe the operation of a very simple, small scale proton accelerator and detector testing chamber capable of providing up to 10 kHz of beam with energies between 10 and 50 keV onto a biased target with a maximum ion contamination of 0.5%.This research was funded through DOE Grant Nos. DEFG02- 97ER41033, DE-FG02-03ER41231, DE-FG02- 97ER41042 and NSF Grant Nos. 0100689 and 9807133. Thanks also to Bicron Inc. for the CSI crystal.Peer reviewe

Neanderthal teeth from Lezetxiki (Arrasate, Iberian Peninsula): New insights and reassessment

Objectives: We reassess the taxonomic assignment and stratigraphic context of a permanent upper first molar and a permanent lower third premolar recovered from the archeological site of Lezetxiki in the North of the Iberian Peninsula. Materials and Methods: We assessed the external and internal morphology of the teeth using qualitative descriptions, crown diameters, dental tissue proportions, and geometric morphometrics. The teeth from Lezetxiki were compared with Middle Pleistocene specimens, Neanderthals, Upper Paleolithic modern humans, and recent modern humans. Results: Both teeth were consistent with a Neanderthal classification. The upper first molar shows taurodontism, and its cusp proportions and overall morphology match those of Neanderthals. Geometric morphometric analyses of occlusal anatomy classify this molar as a Neanderthal with a posterior probability of 76%. The lower third premolar, which was originally classified as a lower fourth premolar, also shows a Neanderthal morphology. This premolar is classified as a Neanderthal with a posterior probability of 60%. Discussion: These teeth represent the only adult Neanderthal teeth from the Western Pyrenees region found to date. The teeth were found at a stratigraphic level (designated Level III) that marks the transition level from Mousterian to Aurignacian, and are among the most recent Neanderthal remains from the north of the Iberian Peninsula

Effects of eight months of whole body vibration training on hip bone mass in older women

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of 8 months of whole-body vibration training on bone mass in octogenarian women. Method: Thirty-seven women (aged 82.4 [SD=5.7] years) voluntarily participated in this study. The vibration group (n=19) trained on a vibration platform twice a week (20 Hz and 2 mm) whereas controls (n=18) did not participate in any training program. Bone mass was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at the hip region. General linear repeated measures ANOVA (group by time) was used to examine the effect of whole body vibration on bone mass changes. Results: After the intervention, in all the hip regions (total hip, femoral neck, trochanter, intertrochanter, Ward’s area), no statistically significant changes in bone mass were found. Conclusion: Eight months of whole body vibration training (twice a week) in elderly women do not produce osteogenic effects

Autotransfusión predepósito en artroplastia total de cadera como programa de ahorro de sangre alogénica

Las necesidades transfusionales en Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología son elevadas, condicionando un alto coste. Existen diferentes técnicas de ahorro de sangre alogénica siendo la autotransfusión predepósito sin duda el patrón oro en la actualidad. Realizamos un estudio retrospectivo con el objeto de valorar si las técnicas de ahorro de sangre y especialmente la autotransfusión predepósito disminuyen las necesidades de transfusión alogénica en cirugía ortopédica programada de cadera. El mayor inconveniente de la autotransfusión fue el alto coste-efectividad. El principal factor que ancarece la técnica es la gran cantidad de unidades donadas y no transfundidas, que genera un rendimiento bajo de la misma. La anemización preoperatoria y la sobretransfusión pueden ser evitadas de forma sencilla con claros criterios de transfusión poco liberales. La optimización del ahorro de sangre alogénica se puede establecer mediante un programa interdisciplinar e individualizado según el tipo de cirugía y las características del paciente como la hemoglobina basal y el sexo. La autotransfusión predepósito es adecuada en cirugía ortopédica programada de cadera por su efectividad en el ahorro de sangre alogénica, su buena tolerancia y por la inocuidad del proceso.Transfusion requirements in orthopaedic surgery are raised and therefore costs are high. There are different allogenic blood saving techniques but predeposit auto- transfusion is the gold-standard at present. We performed a retrospective study with the objective of valuing the requie- rement decreasement of allogenic transfusion in hip pro- gram orthopaedic surgery through blood saving methods, specially predeposit autologous transfusion. Autologous transfusion's great problem was the raised cost-effective- ness. The main reason for the price increase of techniques used is the high number of donned units and not transfused after surgery which you end up with a low productive met- hod. Anaemia pre-surgery and overtransfusion can easily be avoided with clear inclusion lines in blood saving programs and no liberal transfusion protocols. The best way to save allogenic blood in total hip arthroplasty can be established by means of an interdisciplinar program but individualized for specific tipe of surgery and for patient's characteristics like initial haemoglobin and sex. Predeposit autologous transfusion is adequate in hip program orthopaedic surgery because its effectiveness in allogenic blood saving, its good tolerance and it is a safe method

Methodological quality checklist for studies based on observational methodology (MQCOM)

Background: No existing instrument addresses the minimum number of items that guarantee methodological quality in studies based on observational methodology. Consequently, professionals who are not experts in observational methodology do not have a basic framework to guide their practice in this type of study. This study developed a checklist to measure the minimum number of items for methodological quality that studies based on observational methodology should consider and provided evidence of their validity based on test content and intercoder reliability. Method: Fifty-four judges with at least 1 year of experience in observational methodology and research based on this methodology evaluated the items of the developed checklist in terms of relevance, usefulness, and feasibility. Items were selected if they obtained at least .5 in the Osterlind indexes of the three aspects evaluated. Two coders applied the selected items to a random selection of articles that used observational methodology to investigate soccer, and intercoder reliability was examined using Cohen's kappa (κ) coeffi cients. Results: The fi nal checklist included 16 items grouped into 11 criteria/dimensions, with adequate reliability coeffi cients. Conclusions: This study developed a useful instrument for non-expert professionals to enhance the methodological quality of studies based on observational methodology

Role of Hydroxyl Groups in the Preferential Oxidation of CO over Copper Oxide–Cerium Oxide Catalysts

Model CuO/Ce0.8X0.2Oδ catalysts (with X = Ce, Zr, La, Pr, or Nd) have been prepared in order to obtain CuO/ceria materials with different chemical features and have been characterized by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, N2 adsorption, and H2 temperature-programmed reduction. CO-PROX experiments have been performed in a fixed-bed reactor and in an operando DRIFTS cell coupled to a mass spectrometer. The CO oxidation rate over CuO/ceria catalysts correlates with the formation of the Cu+–CO carbonyl above a critical temperature (90 °C for the experimental conditions in this study) because copper–carbonyl formation is the rate-limiting step. Above this temperature, CO oxidation capacity depends on the redox properties of the catalyst. However, decomposition of adsorbed intermediates is the slowest step below this threshold temperature. The hydroxyl groups on the catalyst surface play a key role in determining the nature of the carbon-based intermediates formed upon CO chemisorption and oxidation. Hydroxyls favor the formation of bicarbonates with respect to carbonates, and catalysts forming more bicarbonates produce faster CO oxidation rates than those which favor carbonates.The authors thank the financial support of Generalitat Valenciana (Project PROMETEOII/2014/010 and Grant BEST/2014/250), the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (Projects CTQ2012-30703, CTQ2012-31762, MAT2014-61992-EXP, and Grant PRX14/00249), and the UE (FEDER funding)