Plan de negocios, comercialización de servicios de fomento de integración y recreación de la familia

Trabajo en el que se presenta el plan de negocios para la comercialización de servicios de fomento de integración y recreación de la familia. En estos servicios se incluye la organización de fiestas y eventos sociales como cumpleaños, aniversarios, fiestas infantiles, bautizos, fiestas de temporada y fiestas temáticas

High ethanol sensitive glycine receptors regulate firing in D1 medium spiny neurons in the nucleus Accumbens

Inhibitory glycine receptors (GlyRs) are widely expressed in spinal cord and brain stem. They are also expressed in the nucleus Accumbens (nAc) where they have been implicated in the release of dopamine from the ventral tegmental area to the nAc in the presence of ethanol. One of the major types of neurons in the nAc are the Dopamine 1 receptor-expressing (D1+) medium spiny neurons (MSNs) that are activated when addictive drugs, like ethanol, are administrated. Thus, D1(+) MSNs are a relevant target for the study of ethanol effects. Here, using electrophysiological recordings, we report that GlyRs in D1(+) MSNs are highly sensitive to ethanol, with potentiation starting at 5 mM (26 ± 5%). Single channel recordings in D1(+) MSNs showed that 10 mM ethanol increased the open probability of the channel (0.22 ± 0.05 versus 0.66 ± 0.16), but did not affect channel conductance (~40 pS). A glycinergic mediated tonic current in D1(+) MSNs was potentiated by 10 and 50 mM ethanol causing a reduction in the excitability of these cells. A 34 ± 7% reduction in action potential firing was observed in these neurons in the presence of 50 mM ethanol. Interestingly, no effects of ethanol were detected in the presence of strychnine or in D1(-) MSNs in the nAc. These results indicate that GlyRs present in D1(+) MSNs are sensitive to low concentrations of ethanol, and that potentiation of this inhibitory current regulates the activation of nAc, acting as a homeostatic signal that would prevent over-activation of the reward system when drugs like ethanol are consumed

ESFuelCell2011-54173 NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF A ROOFTOP VERTICAL AXIS WIND TURBINE

ABSTRACT A numerical analysis of a rooftop vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) for applications in urban area is presented. The numerical simulations were developed to study the flow field through the turbine rotor to analyze the aerodynamic performance characteristics of the device. Three different blade numbers of wind turbine are studied, 2, 3 and 4, respectively. Each one of the models was built in a 3D computational model. The effects generated in the performance of turbines by the numbers of blades are considered. A Sliding Mesh Model (SMM) capability was used to present the dimensionless form of coefficient power and coefficient moment of the wind turbine as a function of the wind velocity and the rotor rotational speed. The numerical study was developed in CFD using FLUENT®. The results show the aerodynamic performance for each configuration of wind turbine rotor. In the cases of Rooftop rotor the power coefficient increases as the blade number increases, while in the case of Savonius rotor the power coefficient decrease as the blades number increases. K eywords: Wind energy, rooftop turbine, vertical axis wind turbine, torque coefficient and power coefficient

Characterization of High-Risk HPV/EBV Co-Presence in Pre-Malignant Cervical Lesions and Squamous Cell Carcinomas

High-risk human papillomaviruses (HR-HPVs) are the etiological agents of cervical cancer. However, a low proportion of HR-HPV-infected women finally develop this cancer, which suggests the involvement of additional cofactors. Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) has been detected in cervical squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) as well as in low-(LSIL) and high-grade (HSIL) squamous in-traepithelial lesions, although its role is unknown. In this study, we characterized HR-HPV/EBV co-presence and viral gene expression in LSIL (n = 22), HSIL (n = 52), and SCC (n = 19) from Chilean women. Additionally, phenotypic changes were evaluated in cervical cancer cells ectopically expressing BamHI-A Rightward Frame 1 (BARF1). BARF1 is a lytic gene also expressed in EBV-positive epithelial tumors during the EBV latency program. HPV was detected in 6/22 (27.3%) LSIL, 38/52 (73.1%) HSIL, and 15/19 (78.9%) SCC cases (p < 0.001). On the other hand, EBV was detected in 16/22 (72.7%) LSIL, 27/52 (51.9%) HSIL, and 13/19 (68.4%) SCC cases (p = 0.177). HR-HPV/EBV co-presence was detected in 3/22 (13.6%) LSIL, 17/52 (32.7%) HSIL, and 11/19 (57.9%) SCC cases (p = 0.020). Additionally, BARF1 transcripts were detected in 37/55 (67.3%) of EBV positive cases and in 19/30 (63.3%) of HR-HPV/EBV positive cases. Increased proliferation, migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was observed in cervical cancer cells expressing BARF1. Thus, both EBV and BARF1 transcripts are detected in low-and high-grade cervical lesions as well as in cervical carcinomas. In addition, BARF1 can modulate the tumor behavior in cervical cancer cells, suggesting a role in increasing tumor aggressiveness.Fil: Blanco, Rancés. Universidad de Chile. Facultad de Medicina. Institutos de Ciencias Biomedicas.; ChileFil: Carrillo-Beltrán, Diego. Universidad de Tarapaca. Instituto de Alta Investigacion.; ChileFil: Muñoz, Juan P.. Universidad de Tarapaca. Instituto de Alta Investigacion.; ChileFil: Osorio, Julio C.. Universidad de Chile; ChileFil: Tapia, Julio C.. Universidad de Chile. Facultad de Medicina. Institutos de Ciencias Biomedicas.; ChileFil: Burzio, Verónica A.. Universidad Andrés Bello; ChileFil: Gallegos, Iván. Universidad de Santiago de Chile. Hospital Clinico San Borja Arriaran; ChileFil: Calaf, Gloria M.. Universidad de Tarapaca. Instituto de Alta Investigacion.; ChileFil: Chabay, Paola Andrea. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones en Patologías Pediátricas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones en Patologías Pediátricas; ArgentinaFil: Aguayo, Francisco. Universidad de Chile. Facultad de Medicina. Institutos de Ciencias Biomedicas.; Chil

Restricciones para orientar a resultados los programas de desarrollo rural en México

The objective of this study was to specify the influence of sectorial planning and evaluation on the design and budgeting of programs linked to rural development and their impact on their improvement. For this, the Integral Program for Rural Development (Programa Integral de Desarrollo Rural, PIDR) by SAGARPA was analyzed, and its relation with normative instruments; in addition, interviews were performed with key actors involved in the processes of design and budgeting of programs directed at the rural sector. It was found that the six-year-term sectorial planning is formally an exercise ordered with accurate diagnoses, with explicit objectives and goals. However, it is not considered in the design and budget allocation of each program; rather, these result from the annual negotiation of the federal government with political groups from the House of Representatives, the Mexican Council on Rural Sustainable Development, the Association of Rural Development Ministers, and unionized producers’ organizations, among others. It is concluded that the instruments of planning, monitoring and control do not guarantee the design and budgeting of results oriented rural development programs.El objetivo de esta investigación fue precisar la influencia de la planeación sectorial y de la evaluación sobre el diseño y presupuestación de los programas vinculados al desarrollo rural y su impacto en la mejora de los mismos. Para ello se analizó el Programa Integral de Desarrollo Rural (PIDR) de la SAGARPA y su relación con los instrumentos normativos; además, se realizaron entrevistas a actores clave involucrados en los procesos de diseño y presupuestación de los programas dirigidos al sector rural. Se encontró que formalmente la planeación sectorial sexenal es un ejercicio ordenado con diagnósticos precisos, con objetivos y metas explícitas. No obstante, no se considera en el diseño y la asignación presupuestal de cada programa; estos más bien resultan de la negociación anual del gobierno federal con los grupos políticos de la Cámara de Diputados, el Consejo Mexicano de Desarrollo Rural Sustentable, la Asociación de Secretarios de Desarrollo Rural y las organizaciones gremiales de productores, entre otros. Se concluye que los instrumentos de planeación, seguimiento y control no garantizan el diseño y presupuestación de programas de desarrollo rural orientados a resultados

The Netrin-1-Neogenin-1 signaling axis controls neuroblastoma cell migration via integrin-β1 and focal adhesion kinase activation

Neuroblastoma is a highly metastatic tumor that emerges from neural crest cell progenitors. Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) is a regulator of cell migration that binds to the receptor Neogenin-1 and is upregulated in neuroblastoma. Here, we show that Netrin-1 ligand binding to Neogenin-1 leads to FAK autophosphorylation and integrin β1 activation in a FAK dependent manner, thus promoting neuroblastoma cell migration. Moreover, Neogenin-1, which was detected in all tumor stages and was required for neuroblastoma cell migration, was found in a complex with integrin β1, FAK, and Netrin-1. Importantly, Neogenin-1 promoted neuroblastoma metastases in an immunodeficient mouse model. Taken together, these data show that Neogenin-1 is a metastasis-promoting protein that associates with FAK, activates integrin β1 and promotes neuroblastoma cell migration.This work was supported by the Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica [21130521]; Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico [1140697]; Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico [1180495]; Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Cancer [RD12/0036/0027]; SAF [SAF2015-65175-R]; Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Cancer [RD12/0036/0027]; PSG: Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades and FEDER funds (RTI2018-093596); JGC: Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad of Spain (PI17CIII/00013), Consejería de Educación, Juventud y Deporte, Comunidad de Madrid (P2017/BMD-3692), Fundación Oncohematología Infantil, AFANION, and Asociación Pablo Ugarte.S

Development of a Mesoamerican intra-genepool genetic map for quantitative trait loci detection in a drought tolerant × susceptible common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cross

Drought is a major constraint to common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) production, especially in developing countries where irrigation for the crop is infrequent. The Mesoamerican genepool is the most widely grown subdivision of common beans that include small red, small cream and black seeded varieties. The objective of this study was to develop a reliable genetic map for a Mesoamerican × Mesoamerican drought tolerant × susceptible cross and to use this map to analyze the inheritance of yield traits under drought and fully irrigated conditions over 3 years of experiments. The source of drought tolerance used in the cross was the cream-seeded advanced line BAT477 crossed with the small red variety DOR364 and the population was made up of recombinant inbred lines in the F5 generation. Quantitative trait loci were detected by composite interval mapping for the traits of overall seed yield, yield per day, 100 seed weight, days to flowering and days to maturity for each field environment consisting of two treatments (irrigated and rainfed) and lattice design experiments with three repetitions for a total of six environments. The genetic map based on amplified fragment length polymorphism and random amplified polymorphic DNA markers was anchored with 60 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and had a total map length of 1,087.5 cM across 11 linkage groups covering the whole common bean genome with saturation of one marker every 5.9 cM. Gaps for the genetic map existed on linkage groups b03, b09 and b11 but overall there were only nine gaps larger than 15 cM. All traits were inherited quantitatively, with the greatest number for seed weight followed by yield per day, yield per se, days to flowering and days to maturity. The relevance of these results for breeding common beans is discussed in particular in the light of crop improvement for drought tolerance in the Mesoamerican genepool

Towards precision medicine: defining and characterizing adipose tissue dysfunction to identify early immunometabolic risk in symptom-free adults from the GEMM family study

Interactions between macrophages and adipocytes are early molecular factors influencing adipose tissue (AT) dysfunction, resulting in high leptin, low adiponectin circulating levels and low-grade metaflammation, leading to insulin resistance (IR) with increased cardiovascular risk. We report the characterization of AT dysfunction through measurements of the adiponectin/leptin ratio (ALR), the adipo-insulin resistance index (Adipo-IRi), fasting/postprandial (F/P) immunometabolic phenotyping and direct F/P differential gene expression in AT biopsies obtained from symptom-free adults from the GEMM family study. AT dysfunction was evaluated through associations of the ALR with F/P insulin-glucose axis, lipid-lipoprotein metabolism, and inflammatory markers. A relevant pattern of negative associations between decreased ALR and markers of systemic low-grade metaflammation, HOMA, and postprandial cardiovascular risk hyperinsulinemic, triglyceride and GLP-1 curves was found. We also analysed their plasma non-coding microRNAs and shotgun lipidomics profiles finding trends that may reflect a pattern of adipose tissue dysfunction in the fed and fasted state. Direct gene differential expression data showed initial patterns of AT molecular signatures of key immunometabolic genes involved in AT expansion, angiogenic remodelling and immune cell migration. These data reinforce the central, early role of AT dysfunction at the molecular and systemic level in the pathogenesis of IR and immunometabolic disorders