Determinants of Formal Giving in Turkey

This article shares the results of a recent study on individual giving to civil society organizations in Turkey. Using interview data collected from a random sample of 2,495 Turkish citizens in 2015, we estimate that about 12% to 13% of the Turkish population engage in giving, a relatively low figure compared to international giving. We find that being male, being educated, being satisfied with one’s income, being satisfied with one’s economic circumstances, being a rural resident, as well as one’s level of religiosity, civic activism, and institutional trust are all positively associated with giving in Turkey. Our findings provide a foundation for understanding philanthropic giving in Turkey and contribute to ongoing research about determinants of individual giving across countries

A Probabilistic Based Failure Model for Components Fabricated from Anisotropic Graphite

The nuclear moderator for high temperature nuclear reactors are fabricated from graphite. During reactor operations graphite components are subjected to complex stress states arising from structural loads, thermal gradients, neutron irradiation damage, and seismic events. Graphite is a quasi-brittle material. Two aspects of nuclear gradegraphite, i.e., material anisotropy and different behavior in tension and compression, are explicitly accounted for in this effort. Fracture mechanic methods are useful for metal alloys, but they are problematic for anisotropic materials with a microstructure that makes it difficult to identify a critical flaw. In fact cracking in a graphite core component does not necessarily result in the loss of integrity of a nuclear graphite core assembly. A phenomenological failure criterion that does not rely on flaw detection has been derived that accounts for the material behaviors mentioned. The probability of failure of components fabricated from graphite is governed by the scatter in strength. The design protocols being proposed by international code agencies recognize that design and analysis of reactor core components must be based upon probabilistic principles. The reliability models proposed herein for isotropic graphite and graphite that can be characterized as being transversely isotropic are another set of design tools for the next generation very high temperature reactors (VHTR) as well as molten salt reactors. The work begins with a review of phenomenologically based deterministic failure criteria. A number of this genre of failure models are compared with recent multiaxial nuclear grade failure data. Aspects in each are shown to be lacking. The basic behavior of different failure strengths in tension and compression is exhibited by failure models derived for concrete, but attempts to extend these concrete models to anisotropy were unsuccessful. The phenomenological models are directly dependent on stress invariants. A set of invariants, known as an integrity bas

Türkiye'de yetiştirilen Ankara Keçisi (Capra hircus) ırkında bir sitogenetik çalışma

Ankara Keçi ırkı Türkiye yerli hayvan genetik kaynakları acısından önemli rol oynamasına karşın bu ırkla ilgili kapsamlı bir sitogenetik çalışmaya rastlanmamıştır. Sunulan ön sitogenetik çalışma ırkın temel kromozomal yapısını araştırmak ve populasyon düzeyinde sitogenetik çalışmalara başlangıç yapmayı amaçlamaktadır. Kan kültürleri hem geleneksel metoda göre ve hem de Timidin metoduna göre düzenlenmiştir. Geleneksel ve GTG-RBA-RBG band karyotipleri elde edilerek ırkın kromozomlarının sentromer indeksleri belirlenmiştir. Band modeli karşılaştırmaları Ankara keçi ırkının keçi türü için standardize edilmiş RBA-RBG band modeli ile benzerliğini doğrulamıştır. Bu çalışma sonucunda Ankara keçisi ırkında populasyon düzeyinde sayısal ve yapısal kromozom anomalilerinin taşıyıcılarının tanımlanması, ırkın verim özeliklerinin geliştirilmesinde daha ileri düzeyde sitogenetik çalışmalara ihtiyaç duyulduğu değerlendirilmiştir.The Angora breed of goat plays an important role for the Turkiye's Native Animal genetic resources point of view; nevertheless, so far, no comprehensive cytogenetic investigation has been performed on this important economic breed. The present preliminary cytogenetic study has been conducted upon a sample of Angora goat breed reared in Turkiye in order to ascertain the basic chromosomal status of the breed and to start a cytogenetic screening at a population level. Blood cultures have been noted according to the conventional methods and synchronized with thymidine. Conventional and GTG-RBA-RBG-banded karyotypes have been produced to determine the relative length and centromeric index of the chromosomes of the breed. Banding comparison confirmed similarity of the Angora breed of goat with the established standardized RBA-RBG banding a pattern of the goat species. Further cytogenetic studies should now be addressed at a population level to identify carriers of numerical and/or structural chromosomal abnormalities in the Angora breed population for implementation of its productive and reproductive efficiency

Analysis of TIKA (Turkish Cooperation and Coordination Agency) Data on development aids between 2005-2012, Applied Turkey Sample,

One of the most important features arisen by globalization is the fact that all world countries get into a process to affect each other voluntarily or involuntarily. During this process, differences between countries are revealed more clearly and developed countries cannot remain insensitive to the problems of developing countries. At this point, development aids through which inequalities between countries can be, even partially, removed and the impact of existing problems on other countries can be decreased are important for receiver and donor countries. This research aims to determine the changes resulted from development aids by years with the use of data obtained from Turkish Cooperation and Coordination Agency (TIKA) related to development aids made between 2005-2012. The dataset obtained from TIKA was analyzed in Excel program. Within scope of the analysis, frequency and descriptive tables were used. At the end of the research, it was found that total development aids tend to raise in Turkey and the biggest share among the total development aids of 2012 belongs to official stream. In addition, it was found that official development aids raised 97% compared to the previous year; social aids exceeded 16 billion dollars in 2012 and the countries to which the most aids have been sent are Afghanistan and Syria

Structurally controlled landscape evolution in Kula badlands, Western Turkey

Badlands are extensively eroded landscapes consisting of weakly consolidated deposits within highly dense drainage systems. Their controlling and shaping factors can differ in relation to various internal and external conditions and processes that are not always well understood. This study focuses on the development of a badland landscape affecting Miocene and Quaternary sand-clay sediments in the extensional tectonic regime of Western Turkey with a multidisciplinary approach. The area between Kula and Selendi towns exhibits a badland topography with extensively eroded surface features, deepened gullies within poorly consolidated, sand clay-sized sediments. The results of structural field mapping and morphometric analyses using a 5 m resolution DEM to study the role of structural control in the development of badlands are presented in this study. Field data analysis supported by the quantitative assessment of longitudinal gully profiles illustrates the role of pre-existing structures as faults, their orientation and geometry in net erosion-sedimentation and the development of deepened gully networks. Representative illustrations, field photographs and block diagrams are presented to show the relationship between the rock structure and badland landscape. The connection between the extensional tectonics, erosional dynamics and geomorphology point to a structurally-controlled landscape in the Kula badlands in Western Turkey

Two faces of perceptual awareness during the attentional blink:Gradual and discrete

In a series of experiments, the nature of perceptual awareness during the attentional blink was investigated. Previous work has considered the attentional blink as a discrete, all-or-none phenomenon, indicative of general access to conscious awareness. Using continuous report measures in combination with mixture modeling, the outcomes showed that perceptual awareness during the attentional blink can be a gradual phenomenon. Awareness was not exclusively discrete, but also exhibited a gradual characteristic whenever the spatial extent of attention induced by the first target spanned more than a single location. Under these circumstances, mental representations of blinked targets were impoverished, but did approach the actual identities of the targets. Conversely, when the focus of attention covered only a single location, there was no evidence for any partial knowledge of blinked targets. These two different faces of awareness during the attentional blink challenge current theories of both awareness and temporal attention, which cannot explain the existence of gradual awareness of targets during the attentional blink. To account for the current outcomes, an adaptive gating model is proposed that casts awareness on a continuum between gradual and discrete, rather than as being of either single kind

KORONER ARTER HASTALIĞININ BELİRLEYİCISI OLARAK PENIL DOPPLER ULTRASONOGRAFİ İLE SAPTANAN KAVERNOZ ARTER STENOZU: OLGU SUNUMU

An association between Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) and Erectile Dysfunction (ED) has been described. We aimed to show that cavernous artery stenosis may be an important predictor of a silent but serious CAD. A 56-year-old man who had moderate ED was evaluated for risk factors. He had several vascular risk factors for ED and CAD including age, smoking, hypertension, hyperhomocysteinemia and hyperlipidemia. His penile colour Doppler ultrasonography revealed multiple stenotic area in the right cavernous artery. His treadmill exercise test showed significant changes. Then, coronary angiography was performed and it showed the patient had doublevessel CAD. Findings of atherosclerotic plaques in cavernosal arteries with penile Doppler ultrasonography may be address subclinical coronary artery stenosis in patients with ED. Koroner arter hastalığı ile erektil disfonksiyon arasındaki ilişki belirgindir. Bu yazıda kavernozal arter darlığının sessiz fakat ciddi koroner arter hastalığını gösterebileceğinin ortaya konulması amaçlandı. Orta şiddette erektil disfonksiyon yakınması olan 56 yaşındaki hasta risk faktörleri açısından değerlendirildi. Hastanın yaş, sigara, hipertansiyon, hiperhomosisteinemi ve hiperlipidemi olmak üzere çok sayıda vasküler risk faktörü vardı. Penil Doppler ultrasonografide sağ kavernozal arterde çok sayıda darlık saptandı. Treadmill egzersiz testinde belirgin değişiklikleri olan hastanın yapılan koroner anjiografisinde iki damarda stenoz saptandı. Erektil disfonksiyonlu hastalarda penil Doppler ultrasonografi ile kavernozal arterlerde saptanan aterosklerotik plaklar subklinik koroner arter hastalığı habercisi olabilir

GSM Kurum Çalışanlarının Sunduğu Hizmet Kalitesinin Müşteri Memnuniyeti Üzerindeki Etkisinin İncelenmesi,

Bu araştırmanın amacı kurumsal kimliğe sahip “GSM” operatör çalışanlarının sunduğu hizmet kalitesinin müşteri tercih ve memnuniyetleri üzerindeki etkisinin ortaya çıkarılmasına yöneliktir. Ayrıca GSM operatör çalışanlarının müşteri talep ve beklentilerine yönelik düşünceleri ile geri bildirimleri konusundaki görüşleri üzerinde durulmuş ve araştırma bu yönde genişletilmiştir. Araştırma Türkiye’de hizmet sunan üç büyük “GSM” operatöründen hizmet alan toplam 3682 müşteri ve 961 GSM çalışanının katılımlarıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu araştırma yaklaşık olarak 9 ay sürmüştür. Araştırmanın evrenini Türkiye örneklemi ise İstanbul, Ankara, İzmir, Bursa, Antalya ve Tekirdağ illeri oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmadan elde edilen veriler SPSS 18 istatistik programı ile analiz edilmiş ve analizde güvenirlilik, faktör, çoklu regresyon, t testi, varyans, korelasyon ve Mann – Whitney U testleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Analiz sonrası hizmet alan müşteri tarafının büyük çoğunluğu GSM operatörleri tarafından sunulan hizmet kalitesinden memnun kalmadığı, hizmet sunan çalışanların ise büyük çoğunluğunun mesleki tükenmişlik ve özellikle psikolojik anlamda yıprandıkları sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Saptanan bir önemli nokta ise çalışanların tükenmişlik boyutunun yüksek olması iş kalitesi ve sunulan hizmet kalitesinin düşmesine neden oluşturmasıdır

An application of quality function deployment for assessing the service quality performance of enterprises

Bu çalışmada, testere üreticisi bir işletmenin, müşterileri tarafından algılanan hizmet kalite performansını ölçmek ve kritik hizmet kalite karakteristiklerini tanımlamak amacıyla Kalite Fonksiyon Göçerimi (KFG) tekniği kullanılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında, testere makinesini kullanan müşterilerin istek ve beklentilerinin tespit etmek ve işletmenin müşterilerine sunduğu kalite performansını ölçmek üzere bir anket çalışması yapılmıştır. Elde edilen verilere dayanarak Kalite Evi oluşturulmuştur. Çalışmanın sonuç ve değerlendirme kısmında, incelenen işletme için tespit edilen kritik hizmet kalite karakteristiklerine ve hizmet kalite performansına yer verilmiştir.  In this study, a Quality Function Deployment technique is used to define the perceived customer quality performance and determine critical service quality characteristics in a saw production enterprise. Within the framework of the study, a questionnaire is used to determine the requirements and expectations of the costumers using the saw machine and measure the quality performance of the enterprise. Based on the collected data, a House of Quality is built. At the evaluation and conclusion section of the study, the defined critical service quality characteristics and service quality performance of the considered enterprise are presented.&nbsp

Sağlık Pazarlaması Ve Uygulamaları,

Özel alanda sağlık sektöründeki gelişmeler ve özel sağlık kuruluşlarının hızla artması beraberinde artan rekabet ve maliyetler, müşteri memnuniyeti, kaliteli hizmet talepleri vb. nedenlerle sağlık sektöründe pazarlama faaliyetleri her geçen gün daha da önem kazanmaktadır. Bu bağlamda pazarlama anlayışı kapsamında hizmet kalitesi ve sağlık turizmine yönelik olarak katılımcılara 35 sorudan oluşan anket uygulanmıştır. Araştırma Denizli, Ankara, Afyon ve İstanbul ili kapsamında 892 katılımcı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. araştırmada kullanılan anketin güvenirlik katsayısı 0.896 olarak bulunmuştur. Araştırmadan elde edilen verilerin analizinde SPSS 18 İstatistik programı kullanılmıştır. Analiz kapsamında, güvenilirlik analizi, frekans tabloları, betimleyici istatistikler, Korelasyon analizlerinden faydalanılmıştır. Araştırma sonunda, katılımcıların Türk sağlık turizmine ilişkin görüşleri, alınan hizmet ve tesis fiyatlandırması, sağlık kurumlarının hijyen ve genel özellikleri ile genel bilgi ve görüşler faktörleri arasında cinsiyet, milliyet, hizmet tipi, ülke ve gelire göre orta ve kuvvetli düzeyde pozitif yönlü ilişki bulunmuştur