Utilizing Climate Change Refugia For Climate Change Adaptation And Management In The Northeast

To account for the effects of climate change, management plans in the northeast need to incorporate climate adaptation. Conserving climate change refugia is one adaptation strategy. Climate change refugia are areas buffered by climate change that enable the persistence of valued physical, ecological, and cultural resources; preserving these areas could be a potential adaptation strategy. Using a translational ecology approach where researchers and managers from the National Park Service, US Geological Survey, the University of Massachusetts, and elsewhere worked together, we focused on identifying refugia for tree, herbaceous plant, mammal, and bird species in order to prioritize them for conservation action. Results predict shifts in distribution of habitats and species due to climate change, identifying areas to prioritize for invasive species treatment and other management actions. This study highlights priorities for future monitoring and data analysis, providing a model that can be replicated in other regions and motivate future research

Rarick Hall Dedication

Speech given at the dedication of Rarick Hall on October 3, 1981 given by Harold A. Wisner.https://scholars.fhsu.edu/rarick/1000/thumbnail.jp

Film Granularity and the Effect on Subjective Image Quality

The evaluation of subjective image quality in pictures is investigated as a function of the scene content of the images and the grain level of the images . In the pictures studied, no relationship was observed for the effect of scene content when the only other variable was the grain level

Photoswitchable Self-Complementary Hydrogen Bond Arrays

Background: Photochromism is the reversible transformation of a chemical material to another form by the absorption of electromagnetic radiation (light), where the two metastable forms have distinct absorption spectra and other properties. Photochromism in materials allows for the switching of their function solely based on irradiation with light. Polymers are used frequently as the building blocks for materials as they are versatile, multifunctional, can carry charge and be processed by solution-based deposition methods. Supramolecular polymers share the same definition as polymers with the exception that they are held together by reversible and directional non-covalent interactions such as hydrogen bonds. Synthesizing supramolecular polymers with hydrogen bonds can be carried out in two possible arrangements. Hydrogen bonds can form between different (complementary) or the same monomeric end groups (self-complementary). This poster presentation will focus on our recent efforts toward the investigation of the strength and fatigue-resistance of the hydrogen bonding interaction between self-complementary hydrogen bond arrays intended for elaboration in supramolecular polymeric materials. The supramolecular and photophysical properties will be examined using UV-Vis Spectroscopy, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, and dilution experiments. Future steps include incorporating these photochromic compounds into functional polymers to evaluate the photocontrolled elasticity, molecular alignment and self-healing abilities of the resulting materials

Synthesis of a [2]rotaxane through first- and second-sphere coordination

In an effort to expand the application of a new template from interpenetrated to interlocked molecular species, we report the synthesis of a new [2]rotaxane by means of both first- and second-sphere coordination of a palladium(II) dichloride subunit

Analysis Of Corn And Soybean Basis Patterns And Hedging Opportunities For Cash-Grain Producers By Price Reporting Districts In Iowa

In recent years, Iowa farmers have faced large variations in grain prices in short periods of time. Price variability stems from increased dependence on foreign markets and a wide range of world developments that affect cash grain prices. As an example of the potential impact on farmers, the variability • \u27 t \u27 ^ in 1980-crop prices during the last half of 1979 created a potential variation of $20,000 in net income from a 300 acre Central Iowa cash grain farm — depend ing on whether crops were sold at the high or low end of the range of available prices..

Effect of the Salmonella Pathogenicity Island 2 Type III Secretion System on Salmonella Survival in Activated Chicken Macrophage-Like HD11 Cells

In order to better identify the role of the Salmonella pathogenicity island 2 (SPI-2) type III secretion system (T3SS) in chickens, we used the well-known gentamicin protection assay with activated HD11 cells. HD11 cells are a macrophage-like chicken cell line that can be stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) to exhibit more macrophage-like morphology and greater production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Activated HD11 cells were infected with a wild-type Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) strain, a SPI-2 mutant S. Typhimurium strain, a wild-type Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis) strain, a SPI-2 mutant S. Enteritidis strain, or a non-pathogenic Escherichia coli (E. coli) strain. SPI-2 mutant strains were found to survive as well as their parent strain at all time points post-uptake (PU) by the HD11 cells, up to 24 h PU, while the E. coli strain was no longer recoverable by 3 h PU. We can conclude from these observations that the SPI-2 T3SS of S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis is not important for survival of Salmonella in the activated macrophage-like HD11 cell line, and that Salmonella must employ other mechanisms for survival in this environment, as E. coli is effectively eliminated

Application of a mixed metal oxide catalyst to a metallic substrate

A method for applying a mixed metal oxide catalyst to a metallic substrate for the creation of a robust, high temperature catalyst system for use in decomposing propellants, particularly hydrogen peroxide propellants, for use in propulsion systems. The method begins by forming a prepared substrate material consisting of a metallic inner substrate and a bound layer of a noble metal intermediate. Alternatively, a bound ceramic coating, or frit, may be introduced between the metallic inner substrate and noble metal intermediate when the metallic substrate is oxidation resistant. A high-activity catalyst slurry is applied to the surface of the prepared substrate and dried to remove the organic solvent. The catalyst layer is then heat treated to bind the catalyst layer to the surface. The bound catalyst layer is then activated using an activation treatment and calcinations to form the high-activity catalyst system