Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Berdasarkan Masalah untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Peserta Didik Kelas Viii1 SMP Bhayangkari Pekanbaru

This study aims to fixed the learning process and improve the mathematical problem solving ability through implementation of Problem Based Learning (PBL) model. This type of research is the classroom action research with two cycles. Research conducted in the junior high school class VIII1 Bhayangkari Pekanbaru in the first semester of the school year 2016/2017, with the subject of 20 learners. The research instrument consists of learning tools and instruments to collect data. Learning device used in this study is the syllabus, lesson plans and activity sheet. Data collection instruments used in the study was the observation sheet and mathematical problem solving test. Data analysis technique used is qualitative data analysis descriptive narrative and descriptive statistical analysis of quantitative data. Based on this research, the learning process has improved and mathematical problem solving ability of the learners increased after applying the Problem Based Learning (PBL) Problem Based Learning model can be used as an alternative to learning, because through this learning can improve the learning process and improve mathematical problem solving ability of the learners

HOTEL TRANSIT BANDARA INTERNASIONAL KUALANAMU MEDAN

Sebagai kota terbesar ketiga di Indonesia, Kota Medan mengalami pertumbuhan dan perkembangan yang cukup pesat dalam bidang perdagangan, infrastruktur, pariwisata, sosial budaya, sehingga kota ini memiliki fungsi dan peran yang cukup penting secara regional. Hal tersebut berdampak positif menjadikan Kota Medan sering dikunjungi oleh pebisnis atau wisatawan dari dalam/luar negeri, dikarenakan kemudahan dan keefisienan dalam menggunakan moda transportasi udara (pesawat) ketika melakukan perjalanan. Namun terkadang, keterlambatan atau tertinggal pesawat dapat terjadi di bandara sehingga perlu melakukan transit untuk sementara waktu. Saat ini, ketersediaan fasilitas akomodasi untuk melayani pengguna pesawat yang melakukan transit masih minim di sekitar kawasan Bandara Internasional Kualanamu. Salah satu fasilitas akomodasi yang dibutuhkan pengguna pesawat ketika transit adalah hotel transit. Maka dari itu, perancangan hotel transit ini berada di kawasan bandara yang didesain dengan konsep kontemporer dan mampu menunjang aktivitas pengguna yang melakukan transit

Supercritical water gasification of RDF and its components over RuO2/γ-Al2O3 catalyst:new insights into RuO2 catalytic reaction mechanisms

Five samples including a composite refuse derived fuel (RDF) and four combustible components of municipal solid wastes (MSW) have been reacted under supercritical water conditions in a batch reactor. The reactions have been carried out at 450 °C for 60 min reaction time, with or without 20 wt% RuO2/gamma-alumina catalyst. The reactivities of the samples depended on their compositions; with the plastic-rich samples, RDF and mixed waste plastics (MWP), giving similar product yields and compositions, while the biogenic samples including mixed waste wood (MWW) and textile waste (TXT) also gave similar reaction products. The use of the heterogeneous ruthenium-based catalyst gave carbon gasification efficiencies (CGE) of up to 99 wt%, which was up by at least 83% compared to the non-catalytic tests. In the presence of RuO2 catalyst, methane, hydrogen and carbon dioxide became the dominant gas products for all five samples. The higher heating values (HHV) of the gas products increased at least two-fold in the presence of the catalyst compared to non-catalytic tests. Results show that the ruthenium-based catalyst was active in feedstock steam reforming, methanation and possible direct hydrogenolysis of C-C bonds. This work provides new insights into the catalytic mechanisms of RuO2 during SCWG of carbonaceous materials, along with the possibility of producing high yields of methane from MSW fractions

Potential applications of nanotechnology in thermochemical conversion of microalgal biomass

The rapid decrease in fossil reserves has significantly increased the demand of renewable and sustainable energy fuel resources. Fluctuating fuel prices and significant greenhouse gas (GHG) emission levels have been key impediments associated with the production and utilization of nonrenewable fossil fuels. This has resulted in escalating interests to develop new and improve inexpensive carbon neutral energy technologies to meet future demands. Various process options to produce a variety of biofuels including biodiesel, bioethanol, biohydrogen, bio-oil, and biogas have been explored as an alternative to fossil fuels. The renewable, biodegradable, and nontoxic nature of biofuels make them appealing as alternative fuels. Biofuels can be produced from various renewable resources. Among these renewable resources, algae appear to be promising in delivering sustainable energy options. Algae have a high carbon dioxide (CO2) capturing efficiency, rapid growth rate, high biomass productivity, and the ability to grow in non-potable water. For algal biomass, the two main conversion pathways used to produce biofuel include biochemical and thermochemical conversions. Algal biofuel production is, however, challenged with process scalability for high conversion rates and high energy demands for biomass harvesting. This affects the viable achievement of industrial-scale bioprocess conversion under optimum economy. Although algal biofuels have the potential to provide a sustainable fuel for future, active research aimed at improving upstream and downstream technologies is critical. New technologies and improved systems focused on photobioreactor design, cultivation optimization, culture dewatering, and biofuel production are required to minimize the drawbacks associated with existing methods. Nanotechnology has the potential to address some of the upstream and downstream challenges associated with the development of algal biofuels. It can be applied to improve system design, cultivation, dewatering, biomass characterization, and biofuel conversion. This chapter discusses thermochemical conversion of microalgal biomass with recent advances in the application of nanotechnology to enhance the development of biofuels from algae. Nanotechnology has proven to improve the performance of existing technologies used in thermochemical treatment and conversion of biomass. The different bioprocess aspects, such as reactor design and operation, analytical techniques, and experimental validation of kinetic studies, to provide insights into the application of nanotechnology for enhanced algal biofuel production are addressed

Dye biosorption from aqueous solutions by fomitopsis pinicola (sw.) p. karst

Methylene Blue adsorption by Fomitopsis pinicola (Sw.) P. Karst. collected from Ki{dotless}zi{dotless}lcahamam Işi{dotless}k Mountain, Ankara (Turkey) was investigated. Different initial dye concentrations, adsorbent doses, initial pH and temperature levels of the adsorption capacity of Fomitopsis pinicola were tested in order to reveal the stability and adsorption capacity of the fungus. The effect of the experimental parameters on the adsorption process was also described. The equilibrium binding was described in terms of Langmuir isotherm depending on the dye concentration. Desorption studies were also conducted. The results obtained from the batch experiments revealed the ability of the fungus to remove methylene blue. Thermodynamic parameters, i.e., Gibbs free energy, enthalpy and entropy changes were also calculated. From the calculated kinetic parameters, it can be concluded that adsorption data were also fitted to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. From the results obtained, it can be suggested that Fomitopsis pinicola can be used as a low-cost biosorbent in wastewater treatments