Історія соціально-філософського вчення антитринітаріїв на території Речі Посполитої (The history of social and philosophical teaching of the nontriniterianism in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth )

У статті розглянуто особливість соціально-філософського вчення антитринітаріїв, історичний процес розвитку богословського вчення соцініан та його поширення на теторії Речі Посполитої. Окрему увагу в статті приділено ставлення В.-К. Острозького до антитринітарного руху (This article considers feature of the social and philosophical teachings of the Arians. Historical development of the theological doctrine of the Arians and its spread within The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Particular attention is paid to the relation of V.-K. Ostrozhsky to the movement Arians. Nontrinitarianism – ecclesiastical movement which, for various reasons, didn’t acknowledge and denied the dogma of the Holy Trinity about of three single entity incarnation of God. Formation and development of Ukrainian nontrinitiarism done under the influence of both Western Reformation and local heretical rationalist movement. They left a significant mark in various national philosophical and religious ideas of the time history of the national religion and science. Significantly had enriched culture, education, literature polemical particular

Femtoscopy correlations of kaons in Pb+PbPb + Pb collisions at LHC within hydrokinetic model

We provide, within the hydrokinetic model, a detailed investigation of kaon interferometry in $Pb+Pb$ collisions at LHC energy ($\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 2.76$ TeV). Predictions are presented for 1D interferometry radii of $K^0_SK^0_S$ and $K^{\pm}K^{\pm}$ pairs as well as for 3D femtoscopy scales in out, side and long directions. The results are compared with existing pion interferometry radii. We also make predictions for full LHC energy.Comment: 12 pages, 6 figure

Development of the Metal Rheology Model of High-temperature Deformation for Modeling by Finite Element Method

It is shown that when modeling the processes of forging and stamping, it is necessary to take into account not only the hardening of the material, but also softening, which occurs during hot processing. Otherwise, the power parameters of the deformation processes are precisely determined, which leads to the choice of more powerful equipment. Softening accounting (processes of stress relaxation) will allow to accurately determine the stress and strain state (SSS) of the workpiece, as well as the power parameters of the processes of deformation. This will expand the technological capabilities of these processes. Existing commercial software systems for modeling hot plastic deformations based on the finite element method (FEM) do not allow this. This is due to the absence in these software products of the communication model of the component deformation rates and stresses, which would take into account stress relaxation. As a result, on the basis of the Maxwell visco-elastic model, a relationship is established between deformation rates and stresses. The developed model allows to take into account the metal softening during a pause after hot deformation. The resulting mathematical model is tested by experiment on different steels at different temperatures of deformation. The process of steels softening is determined using plastometers. It is established experimentally that the model developed by 89 ... 93 % describes the rheology of the metal during hot deformation. The relationship between the components of the deformation rates and stresses is established, which allows to obtain a direct numerical solution of plastic deformation problems without FED iterative procedures, taking into account the real properties of the metal during deformation. As a result, the number of iterations and calculations has significantly decreased

Intragenomic variations of multicopy ITS2 marker in Agrodiaetus blue butterflies (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae)

The eukaryotic ribosomal DNA cluster consists of multiple copies of three genes, 18S, 5. 8S and 28S rRNAs, separated by multiple copies of two internal transcribed spacers, ITS1 and ITS2. It is an important, frequently used marker in both molecular cytogenetic and molecular phylogenetic studies. Despite this, little is known about intragenomic variations within the copies of eukaryotic ribosomal DNA genes and spacers. Here we present data on intraindividual variations of ITS2 spacer in three species of Agrodiaetus Hübner, 1822 blue butterflies revealed by cloning technique. We demonstrate that a distinctly different intragenomic ITS2 pattern exists for every individual analysed. ITS2 sequences of these species show significant intragenomic variation (up to 3.68% divergence), setting them apart from each other on inferred phylogenetic tree. This variation is enough to obscure phylogenetic relationships at the species level

Direct observation of superconducting vortex clusters pinned by a periodic array of magnetic dots in ferromagnetic/superconducting hybrid structures

Strong pinning of superconducting flux quanta by a square array of 1 $\mu$m-sized ferromagnetic dots in a magnetic-vortex state was visualized by low-temperature magnetic force microscopy (LT-MFM). A direct correlation of the superconducting flux lines with the positions of the dots was derived. The force that the MFM tip exerts on the individual vortex in the depinning process was used to estimate the spatial modulation of the pinning potential. It was found, that the superconducting vortices which are preferably located on top of the Py dots experience about 15 times stronger pinning forces as compared to the pinning force in the pure Nb film. The strong pinning exceeds the repulsive interaction between the superconducting vortices and allows the vortex clusters to be located at each dot. Our microscopic studies are consistent with global magnetoresistace measurements on these hybrid structures.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

Randmoness and Step-like Distribution of Pile Heights in Avalanche Models

The paper develops one-parametric family of the sand-piles dealing with the grains' local losses on the fixed amount. The family exhibits the crossover between the models with deterministic and stochastic relaxation. The mean height of the pile is destined to describe the crossover. The height's densities corresponding to the models with relaxation of the both types tend one to another as the parameter increases. These densities follow a step-like behaviour in contrast to the peaked shape found in the models with the local loss of the grains down to the fixed level [S. Lubeck, Phys. Rev. E, 62, 6149, (2000)]. A spectral approach based on the long-run properties of the pile height considers the models with deterministic and random relaxation more accurately and distinguishes the both cases up to admissible parameter values.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figure

Tubular initial conditions and ridge formation

The 2D azimuth & rapidity structure of the two-particle correlations in relativistic A+A collisions is altered significantly by the presence of sharp inhomogeneities in superdense matter formed in such processes. The causality constraints enforce one to associate the long-range longitudinal correlations observed in a narrow angular interval, the so-called (soft) ridge, with peculiarities of the initial conditions of collision process. This study's objective is to analyze whether multiform initial tubular structures, undergoing the subsequent hydrodynamic evolution and gradual decoupling, can form the soft ridges. Motivated by the flux-tube scenarios, the initial energy density distribution contains the different numbers of high density tube-like boost-invariant inclusions that form a bumpy structure in the transverse plane. The influence of various structures of such initial conditions in the most central A+A events on the collective evolution of matter, resulting spectra, angular particle correlations and v_n-coefficients is studied in the framework of the HydroKinetic Model (HKM).Comment: 18 pages, 6 figures, the paper to be published in Advances of High Energy Physics (2013, in press