Interfaz Gráfica Computacional para Destilación Multicomponente utilizando Métodos Cortos

In this work, we developed a graphical interface that determines by steady-state simulation the number of plates required for multicomponent distillation process and the composition of distillate and bottoms flow of a distillation tower using short-cut methods. The graphical user interface was built in the programming language Python 2.5, allows to present the input and output data for the case of distillation columns operating in steady state. The results of using the graphical interface shows a simple way to make preliminary designs of distillation towers and its potential as support material for the study and understanding of basic concepts in multicomponent distillation. In a later work it will can display the dynamic model performance through scheduled disturbances in operating conditions.   Keywords: multicomponent distillation; shorcut methods;graphical user interface; Phyton 2.5.En este trabajo, se elaboró una interfaz gráfica que determina por medio de simulación en estado estacionario el número de platos necesarios en el proceso de destilación multicomponente, así como la composición en el flujo de destilado y fondos de una torre de destilación utilizando métodos cortos. La interfaz gráfica de usuario, se construyó en el lenguaje de programación Python 2.5, permite presentar los datos de entrada y salida para el caso de columnas de destilación operando en régimen permanente. Los resultados del uso de la interfaz gráfica muestran una forma simple de realizar diseños preliminares de torres de destilación y su potencialidad como material de apoyo para el estudio y comprensión de conceptos básicos en destilación multicomponente. En un trabajo posterior se podrá visualizar el desempeño del modelo dinámico a través de perturbaciones programadas en las condiciones de operación.   Palabras claves: destilación multicomponente; métodos cortos; interfaz gráfica de usuario; Phyton 2.5

Short-term effect of heat waves on hospital admissions in Madrid: Analysis by gender and comparision with previous findings

Global warming affects health through multiple exposures and pathways, in and is turn deeply influenced by climate change. Every year, several million deaths are caused by environmental factors, many of which are aggravated by climate change or its drivers (WHO, 2016). The adverse effects of climate change on health are varied, complex and far-reaching. Essentially, climate change acts as a multiplier for global health threats, compounding many of the health issues communities already face. Disproportionately affect the health of vulnerable groups and people in lower income countries, thus exacerbating inequalities and gender differences (Watts et al., 2018)

Validation and reliability of a test which evaluate the coordination manual and agility in rhythmic gymnastics.

El objetivo de este estudio fue desarrollar y validar un test que permita evaluar la coordinación óculo manual y agilidad en gimnastas de rítmica. Un panel de expertos se responsabilizó de la selección de las tareas que conformaron la composición inicial del test. Una vez constituido y validado mediante la opinión de expertos de forma unánime, el test se aplicó a una muestra de 60 gimnastas de 12 a 18 años (Media Edad= 13,76 ±1,53; Talla= 1,54 ± 0,065 y Peso= 44,78 ± 6,55). La fiabilidad del test mediante el cálculo de la consistencia interna a través de Alfa de Cronbach fue de .885 siendo el coeficiente de correlación del test-retest de .799 Se concluye que el test es un instrumento válido y fiable para medir la coordinación en gimnastas.The objective of this study was to develop and validate a test that allows the evaluation of manual eye coordination and agility in rhythmic gymnasts. A panel of experts was responsible for the selection of the tasks that formed the initial composition of the test. Once constituted and validated by the opinion of the experts in a unanimous way, the test was applied to a sample of 60 gymnasts from 12 to 18 years old (Average Age = 13.76 ± 1.53, Size = 1.54 ± 0.065) and Weight = 44.78 ± 6.55). The reliability of the test for the calculation of the internal consistency through Cronbach's alpha was .885 with the correlation coefficient of the test-retest of .799 It is concluded that the test is a valid and reliable instrument to measure the coordination in gymnasts

Population vulnerability to extreme cold days in rural and urban municipalities in ten provinces in Spain

Background: The objective was to analyze whether there are differences in vulnerability to Extreme Cold Days (ECD) between rural and urban populations in Spain. Methodology: Time series analysis carried out from January 1, 2000, through December 31, 2013. Municipalities with over 10,000 inhabitants were included from 10 Spanish provinces, classified into 42 groups by isoclimate and urban/rural character as defined by Eurostat criteria. The statistical strategy was carried out in two phases. First: It was analyzed the relationship between minimum daily temperature (Tmin) (source: AEMET) and the rate of daily winter mortality due to natural causes —CIE-10: A00 – R99— (source: National Statistics Institute). Then, It was determinated the threshold of Tmin that defines the ECD and its percentile in the series of winter Tmin (Pthreshold), which is a measure of vulnerability to ECD so that the higher the percentile, the higher the vulnerability. Second: possible explanatory variables of vulnerability were explored using Mixed Generalized Models, using 13 independent variables related to meteorology, environment, socioeconomics, demographics and housing quality. Results: The average Pthreshold was 18 %. The final model indicated that for each percentage point increase in unemployment, the vulnerability to ECD increased by 0.4 (0.2, 0.6) points. Also, with each point increase in rurality index, this vulnerability decreased by −6.1 (−2.1, −10.0) points. Although less determinant, other factors that could contribute to explaining vulnerability at the province level included minimum winter daily temperatures and the percentage of housing with poor insulation. Conclusions: The vulnerability to ECD was greater in urban zones than in rural zones. Socioeconomic status is a key to understanding how this vulnerability is distributed. These results suggest the need to implement public health prevention plans to address ECD at the state level. These plans should be based on threshold temperatures determined at the smallest scale possibleThe authors wish to thank the funding provided by the ENPY107/18, ENPY 376/18, ENPY 304/20 projects of the Carlos III Health Institute III (ISCIII

Computer student profile for the design of the Tutor system

desde hace varias décadas ha existido un interés en conocer los factores que se involucran en el aprendizaje de programación y los retos que existen en el proceso de desarrollo de habilidades algorítmicas con el fin de minimizar las estadísticas de reprobación en esta área. por lo tanto, es necesario contemplar estrategias didácticas con las que el estudiante aprenda de forma autónoma. se requiere que los estudiantes de nuevo ingreso a nivel superior desarrollen habilidades algorítmicas como parte de sus competencias genéricas primordiales. El presente trabajo muestra las características del estudiante, a partir de tres aspectos: el conocimiento previo, el estilo de aprendizaje, y nivel de razonamiento, para desarrollar habilidades algorítmicas en estudiantes de nuevo ingreso a la facultad de Computación. La metodología utilizada es cuantitativa, se aplicaron tres test: estilos de aprendizaje, razonamiento científico y pensamiento computacional. La muestra son estudiantes de nuevo ingreso a licenciatura en computación de méxico y Colombia. El proceso estadístico es a partir de estadística no inferencial, los resultados indican que en ambas regiones los estudiantes presentan tendencias similares en el estilo de aprendizaje, nivel de razonamiento y pensamiento computacional. principalmente los datos obtenidos del test de pensamiento computacional aplicados a estudiantes se comparan para determinar las tendencias de sus habilidades algorítmicas, los resultados abonan en la caracterización para el modelo de estudiante y al diseño de actividades para el prototipo del sTI (sistema Tutor Inteligente)since several decades there has been an interest in knowing the factors that involve programming learning and the challenges that exist in the process of developing algorithmic skills in order to minimize the low learning outcomes in this area. Therefore, it is necessary to consider didactic strategies to help students to learn autonomously. As part of their primary generic competencies, undergraduate students are required to develop algorithmic skills. This paper reports the results of reviewing some student’ characteristics (prior knowledge, learning style, and level of reasoning), needed to develop algorithmic skills in recent students at the Computing faculty. The methodology used is quantitative, three tests were applied: learning styles, scientific reasoning and computational thinking. The sample comprehends new entrance undergraduates in Computer science from mexico and Colombia. The statistical process is based on non-inferential statistics, the results indicate that in both regions students have similar trends in learning style, reasoning level and computational thinking. These results will inform the characterization for the student model and the design of activities for the ITs prototype (Intelligent Tutoring system

PROCEDIMIENTOS PARA LA SELECCIÓN DEL SISTEMA DE GESTIÓN DE LA PRODUCCIÓN EN EMPRESAS MANUFACTURERAS

El presente artículo, contiene el desarrollo de dos procedimientos que permiten a los directivos y profesionales de empresas manufactureras, seleccionar el tipo de sistema de gestión de la producción que más se ajusta a sus características específicas y a las condiciones en que las mismas operan. Se incluyen los resultados obtenidos de su aplicación en un grupo de empresas del territorio central de la República de Cuba

Propuesta de un índice de calidad de grasas (ICG)

This paper presents the concept of the fat quality index (FQI), which is based and established in pursuancet of the current food regulations. It is a numerical value representing the correlated information of all parameters that provide the definition of fat according to the international guidelines. With the implementation of this index, it is possible to compare different types of fats using a single numerical value, which facilitates the elucidation of the effects of treatment processes or origins of fats. The FQI includes all the parameters considered in the regulations by incorporating a sub-index for each parameter and using the minimum and maximum limit values to model and adjust an equation describing the quality of fat according to the standard. Finally, the procedure is used to obtain indices based on other experimental works that assessed the quality of fat samples produced under different operating conditions, treatment, origin or processes, allowing for better comparison and evaluation. Therefore, this index is an excellent analytical tool for assessing the quality of fats from different origins for human consumption.En este artículo se presenta el concepto de índice de calidad de una grasa (ICG), que se basa y se establece en virtud de los reglamentos alimentarios actuales. Es un valor numérico que representa la información correlacionada de todos los parámetros que proporcionan la definición de la grasa de acuerdo con las directrices internacionales. Con la implementación de este índice es posible comparar los diferentes tipos de grasas usando un único valor numérico, lo que facilita la elucidación de los efectos de los procesos de tratamiento u orígenes de las grasas. El ICG incluye todos los parámetros considerados en la normativa mediante la incorporación de un sub-índice para cada parámetro y utilizando el valor límite máximo y mínimo para componer y ajustar una ecuación que describe la calidad de la grasa de acuerdo con la norma. Por último, el procedimiento se utiliza para obtener los índices en base a otros trabajos experimentales que evaluaron la calidad de las muestras de las grasas producidas bajo diferentes condiciones operacionales, tratamientos, orígenes o procesos, permitiendo una mejor comparación y evaluación. Por lo tanto, este índice es una herramienta analítica excelente para evaluar la calidad de las grasas de diferentes orígenes para el consumo humano

Production of extracts with anaesthetic activity from the culture of Heterosigma akashiwo in pilot-scale photobioreactors

The shear-sensitive microalga Heterosigma akashiwo is known to produce brevetoxin-like compounds that are active in voltage-dependent sodium channels. In this work, we present a study on the production of anaesthetic extracts from H. akashiwo biomass obtained in low-shear bioreactors at different growth phases. The photobioreactors (PBRs) used had specific configurations and were operated in such a way as to avoid cellular damage by hydrodynamic stress. Cultures were developed in small static-control flasks and PBRs with volumes ranging from 1.5 L to 200 L. The bioactivity of the produced extracts was assessed in vitro (Neuro-2a cell-based assay) and in vivo (Zebra fish model). Bioactivity depended slightly on the growth phase and culture system, with greater toxicity with the Neuro-2a model when stationary-phase extracts were used. Interestingly, extracts were not cytotoxic against other human cell lines. Steady production of anaesthetic bioactives was observed. In vivo anaesthetic efficacy, assessed with the Zebra fish model, was similar to that of commercial products, and without any observed mortality at 24-h post exposure

Relación de la actividad física con los factores de riesgo cardiovascular en ciudadanos adultos de Melilla

Physical activity has a positive influence on people's health, playing a key role in the prevention, treatment, control and rehabilitation of chronic non-communicable diseases. The aim of the study is to analyse the relationship between the practice of physical activity and cardiovascular risk factors. Cross-sectional and correlational study using a questionnaire with a sample of 160 participants. The results show that 70% of the sample stated that they did not do much physical activity compared to 33% who stated that they did moderate/high levels of physical activity. Of the variables related to cardiovascular risk, sex, glycemia and systolic blood pressure are significantly associated with the degree of physical activity (p<.05). It is essential to strengthen health education for the entire population in order to maintain adequate physical activity and other healthy lifestyles that will have an impact on reducing preventable chronic diseases.La actividad física influye positivamente en la salud de las personas, teniendo un papel fundamental en la prevención, tratamiento, control y rehabilitación de las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles. El objetivo del estudio es analizar la relación entre la práctica de actividad física y los factores de riesgo cardiovascular. Estudio transversal y correlacional mediante un cuestionario con una muestra de 160 participantes. Los resultados muestran que el 70% de la muestra manifiesta no hacer prácticamente actividad física frente a un 33% que afirma realizar una actividad física moderada/alta. De las variables relacionadas con el riesgo cardiovascular sexo, glucemia y tensión arterial sistólica se encuentran asociadas con el grado de actividad física de forma significativa (p<.05). Es fundamental reforzar la educación sanitaria a toda la población para mantener una adecuada actividad física y otros estilos de vida saludables que repercutan en la disminución de las enfermedades crónicas prevenibles