Magnetization in AIIIBV semiconductor heterostructures with the depletion layer of manganese

The magnetic moment and magnetization in GaAs/Ga$_{0.84}$In$_{0.16}$As/GaAs heterostructures with Mn deluted in GaAs cover layers and with atomically controlled Mn $\delta$-layer thicknesses near GaInAs-quantum well ($\sim$3 nm) in temperature range T=(1.8-300)K in magnetic field up to 50 kOe have been investigated. The mass magnetization all of the samples of GaAs/Ga$_{0.84}$In$_{0.16}$As/GaAs with Mn increases with the increasing of the magnetic field that pointed out on the presence of low-dimensional ferromagnetism in the manganese depletion layer of GaAs based structures. It has been estimated the manganese content threshold at which the ferromagnetic ordering was found.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figure

Effect of nitrogen ion irradiation parameters on properties of nitrogen-containing carbon coatings prepared by pulsed vacuum arc deposition method

Studies of the effect of nitrogen ion irradiation on the structure and properties of nitrogenated amorphous carbon coatings prepared on polished sitall and silicon substrates by the pulsed vacuum arc deposition method are presented. The techniques used in the investigations were electron energy loss spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and atomic force microscop

Direct SIMS Determination of the InxGa1-xN Mole Fraction

We demonstrate that our secondary mass ion spectroscopy (SIMS) method for the determination of the mole fraction in solid InxGa1-xN solutions is accurate and reproduceable without need of reference samples. The method is based on measuring relative current values of CsM+ (M=Ga, In) secondary ions. The claim of reliable SIMS determination without reference samples was confirmed by four independent analytical methods on the same samples with a relative error in the InN mole fraction determination below 15

The effect of vacuum annealing on the structure and properties of the electrically conductive a-CN coating

Electrically conductive amorphous carbon nitride (a-CN) coatings were deposited onto various substrates by pulsed vacuum-arc sputtering of a graphite cathode with simultaneous irradiation of the substrate with nitrogen ions. Deposition temperature was less than 60 ◦C. We investigated the effect of vacuum annealing at a temperature of 600◦С on the elemental composition, structure, electrical and optical properties of the obtained films. It was found that the elemental composition of the coating practically does not change over the thickness of the coating after annealing, while the remaining characteristics change significantl

A supersonic crowdion in mica: Ultradiscrete kinks with energy between 40^{40}K recoil and transmission sputtering

In this chapter we analyze in detail the behaviour and properties of the kinks found in an one dimensional model for the close packed rows of potassium ions in mica muscovite. The model includes realistic potentials obtained from the physics of the problem, ion bombardment experiments and molecular dynamics fitted to experiments. These kinks are supersonic and have an unique velocity and energy. They are ultradiscrete involving the translation of an interstitial ion, which is the reason they are called 'crowdions'. Their energy is below the most probable source of energy, the decay of the $^{40}$K isotope and above the energy needed to eject an atom from the mineral, a phenomenon that has been observed experimentallyComment: 28 pages, 15 figure

Magnetization in AIIIBV semiconductor heterostructures with the depletion layer of manganese

The magnetic moment and magnetization in GaAs/Ga₀.₈₄In₀.₁₆As/GaAs heterostructures with Mn deluted in GaAs cover layers and with atomically controlled Mn δ-layer thicknesses near GaInAs-quantum well (~3 nm) in temperature range T = 1.8–300 K in magnetic field up to 50 kOe have been investigated. The mass magnetization all of the samples of GaAs/Ga₀.₈₄In₀.₁₆As/GaAs with Mn increases with the increasing of the magnetic field that pointed out on the presence of low-dimensional ferromagnetism in the manganese depletion layer of GaAs based structures. It has been estimated the manganese content threshold at which the ferromagnetic ordering was found

Инфракрасная навигация в годы войны

The first samples of domestic infrared (hereinafter-IR) navigation devices were created in the late 30-ies of XX century in NII‑9 (Leningrad) and VEI (Moscow). Since the beginning of 1941 their production for the Navy and Air Force was organized, as the article describes in detail. After the war, the development of IR devices continued resulting in full coverage of the range of electromagnetic waves.Первые образцы отечественных инфракрасных (ИК) навигационных приборов были созданы в конце 30-х годов ХХ века в НИИ‑9 (Ленинград) и ВЭИ (Москва). С начала 1941 года организован их выпуск для флота и авиации, о чем подробно рассказывает статья. В послевоенное время это направление продолжало развиваться. В результате сейчас российские системы визуализации способны охватить весь диапазон электромагнитных волн

Antitumor activity of the novel pyridine derivative

The study aim was to explore a toxicological property and antitumor action of the novel pyridine derivative LHT-17-19 in cell culture and on experimental models of lung cancer in mic

Silicon-Germanium Films Deposited by Low Frequency PE CVD: Effect of H2 and Ar Dilution

We have studied structure and electrical properties of Si{sub 1-Y}Ge{sub Y}:H films deposited by low frequency PE CVD over the entire composition range from Y=0 to Y=1. The deposition rate of the films and their structural and electrical properties were measured for various ratios of the germane/silane feed gases and with and without dilution by Ar and by H{sub 2}. Structure and composition was studied by Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Surface morphology was characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM). We found: (1) The deposition rate increased with Y maximizing at Y=1 without dilution. (2) The relative rate of Ge and Si incorporation is affected by dilution. (3) Hydrogen preferentially bonds to silicon. (4) Hydrogen content decreases for increasing Y. In addition, optical measurements showed that as Y goes for 0 to 1, the Fermi level moves from mid gap to the conduction band edge, i.e. the films become more n-type. No correlation was found between the pre-exponential and the activation energy of conductivity. The behavior of the conductivity {gamma}-factor suggests a local minimum in the density of states at E {approx} 0.33 eV for the films grown with or without H-dilution and E {approx} 0.25 eV for the films with Ar dilution

ЛЕЧЕБНЫЙ ПАТОМОРФОЗ ПОСЛЕ НЕОАДЪЮВАНТНОЙ ХИМИОЛУЧЕВОЙ ТЕРАПИИ У БОЛЬНЫХ МЕСТНОРАСПРОСТРАНЕННЫМ РАКОМ ЖЕЛУДКА

The impact of pathological complete response (pCR) on long-term treatment outcomes was analyzed in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer, who received prolonged neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.Material and Methods. The study included 45 patients with locally advanced gastric cancer. Neoadjuvant hyperfractionated accelerated radiotherapy at a total dose of 45 Gy was given concurrently with capecitabine and oxaliplatin chemotherapy. There were more men than women. The median age of the patients was 62 years. Tumors were most commonly located in the upper (46 %) and middle (38 %) thirds of the stomach. Low-grade adenocarcinoma and signet-ring cell carcinoma were the most common (65 %). According to a comprehensive examination, including CT and laparoscopy, tumors which invaded the subserous layer of the stomach wall were diagnosed in 17 (37.8 %) patients, and tumors which penetrated the serous layer or surrounding structures were found in 28 (62.2 %) patients. Regional lymph node metastases were detected in 38 (84.4 %) cases.Results. The absolute majority of patients underwent gastrectomy (43 patients, 96 %). Grade IaIb pathological response occurred in almost half of the patients (45.4 % of cases). Peritoneal metastases were found to be the most common mode of cancer dissemination; they were mostly observed in patients with poorly differentiated gastric cancer. Multivariate analysis revealed no effect of any of the factors characterizing the patient, tumor and completeness of treatment on the pathological response grade. However, a correlation between the clinical and morphological assessments of tumor regression was observed. In cases with complete or partial responses of the primary tumor and regional lymph nodes to chemoradiotherapy, 1aIb grades of pathological response were more frequently observed. It was also demonstrated a direct correlation between the pathological response grade and pathomorphological stage of the tumor (yp), as well as ypT and ypN categories. Analysis of long-term treatment outcomes showed that the overall and relapse-free 5-year survival rates were significantly higher in patients with 1a and Ib grades of pathological response. The overall 3-year survival rates were 70 ± 10 % and 41 ± 11 %, respectively (p=0.003). Multivariate analysis using the Cox regression model confirmed a statistically significant independent effect of the pathological response grade on the overall survival (p=0.015).Conclusion. Grade IaIb pathological response was observed in almost half of the patients, who received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced gastric cancer. No clinical and morphological factors influencing the pathological response grade were found. A correlation between the clinical and morphological assessments of tumor regression was observed. Patients with Ia-Ib pathological response had significantly higher overall and disease-free survival rates. Введение. В работе представлен анализ лечебного патоморфоза (закономерности развития, влияния на отдаленные результаты лечения) после проведения пролонгированной неоадъювантной химиолучевой терапии у больных местнораспространенным раком желудка (РЖ). Лучевая терапия в СОД 45 Гр проводилась по методике дневного дробления дозы на фоне химиотерапии препаратами капецитабин и оксалиплатин.Материал и методы. В исследование включено 45 больных. Преобладали мужчины, медиана возраста пациентов составила 62 года. Наиболее часто опухоль располагалась в верхней (46 %) и средней (38 %) третях желудка. Среди морфологических вариантов преобладали низкодифференцированная аденокарцинома и перстневидно-клеточный рак. По данным комплексного обследования, включая СКТ и лапароскопию, опухоль желудка в пределах субсерозного слоя стенки желудка была диагностирована у 17 (37,8 %) больных, прорастание серозной оболочки либо вовлечение окружающих структур – у 28 (62,2 %) больных. Метастатическое поражение регионарных лимфатических узлов было выявлено в 38 (84,4 %) случаях.Результаты и обсуждение. У абсолютного большинства больных была выполнена гастрэктомия – в 43 (96 %) случаях. Показано, что лечебный патоморфоз (ЛП) Ia и Ib степени имел место практически у половины больных – в 45,4 % случаев. Преобладающим путем прогрессирования опухоли были перитонеальные метастазы, развитие которых чаще наблюдалось при низкодифференцированных формах РЖ. При монофакторном анализе не выявлено влияния на степень лечебного патоморфоза ни одного из факторов, характеризующих больного, опухоль и завершенность лечения. В то же время отмечена корреляция между клинической и морфологической оценкой регрессии опухоли: в тех случаях, когда был зафиксирован полный либо частичный ответ первичной опухоли и регионарных лимфатических узлов на химиолучевую терапию, ЛП Iа и Ib степени наблюдали значимо чаще. Также показано наличие прямой корреляции между степенью лечебного патоморфоза и патоморфологической стадией опухоли (yp), категориями урТ и урN. Анализ отдаленных результатов лечения продемонстрировал, что показатели как общей, так и безрецидивной выживаемости были статистически значимо выше в группе больных, у которых был зарегистрирован лечебный патоморфоз Ia и Ib степени. Общая 3-летняя выживаемость составила 70 ± 10 % и 41 ± 11 % соответственно (р=0,003). Многофакторный анализ с использованием регрессионной модели Кокса подтвердил статистически значимое независимое влияние степени лечебного патоморфоза на общую выживаемость (р=0,015).Заключение. Выраженный лечебный патоморфоз (Ia и Ib степени по Becker) имеет место практически у половины больных после проведения неоадъювантной химиолучевой терапии по поводу местнораспространенного рака желудка. Не выявлено клинико-морфологических факторов, влияющих на степень лечебного патоморфоза. Отмечена корреляция между клинической и морфологической оценкой регрессии опухоли. Больные, у которых отмечен патоморфоз Ia и Ib степени, имеют статистически значимо более высокие показатели общей и безрецидивной выживаемости.