Psychological Response to Injury, Recovery, and Social Support: A Survey of Athletes at an NCAA Division I University

According to the National Athletic Trainers’ Association, “In the last 10 years, college sports have flourished, with athletes required to train and compete year-round rather than seasonally . . .At the same time, athletes are getting bigger, stronger and more physical – which leads to a greater risk of injury.” Sports injury can be traumatic for many athletes because it is an important component of their self-identity. In addition to the physical pain of an injury, athletes struggle psychologically, however little is known about their emotional response, recovery, and need for social support. The Emotional Response of Athletes to Injury Questionnaire (ERAIQ) was adapted to collect information from athletes at an NCAA Division I university about their response to injury. Two hundred fifty varsity athletes volunteered to participate (127 males and 122 females, mean age = 19.9 years). The athletes represented 14 different teams included individuals who had experienced injuries and those who had not. Frustration and anger were the most strongly experienced emotions. Family and teammates were important sources of social support during recovery. The results suggest several important implications for resources the address the emotional as well as physical rehabilitation from sports injury. Recommendations for college athletic staff are discussed and questions for future research are offered

User's guide for the Total-Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) instrument first year ozone T data set

The TOMS experiment and algorithms are described. Detailed information on the data available on computer tape is provided

How will disenfranchised Peoples adapt to Climate Change? Strengthening the Ecojustice Movement

The Fourth assessment of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) acknowledged That millions of people are currently, and will increasingly be, affected by the impacts of climate change, in the form of floods, droughts and other extreme events, as well as related threats to food security. In response to these global environmental changes, the international community, including civil society, is acting on the need for immediate adaptation measures and is developing strategies for future adaptation. However, the impacts of climate change are unevenly distributed, with many of the poorest, most vulnerable peoples experiencing the immediate effects of climate change, in the here and now. As the IPCC noted, developing countries are disproportionately affected by climate change and often, the least able to adapt due to lack of infrastructure and resources

User's guide for the Solar Backscattered Ultraviolet (SBUV) instrument first year ozone-S data set

Total-ozone and ozone vertical profile results for Solar Backscattered Ultraviolet/Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (SBUV/TOMS) Nimbus 7 operation from November 1978 to November 1979 are available. The algorithm used have been thoroughly tested, the instrument performance has been examined in details, and the ozone results have been compared with Dobson, Umkehr, balloon, and rocket observations. The accuracy and precision of the satellite ozone data are good to at least within the ability of the ground truth to check and are self-consistent to within the specifications of the instrument. The 'SBUV User's Guide' describes the SBUV experiment and algorithms used. Detailed information on the data available on computer tape is provided including how to order tapes from the National Space Science Data Center

Analysis of Parameters Influencing in-plant Milk Run Design for Production Supply

In-plant milk-run systems are a transport concept for in-plant material delivery which is becoming more and more applicable especially in the automotive industry. This is due to the system characteristic of providing materials in small lot sizes and with high frequency. As there is a number of different milk run concepts applied and there are several parameters influencing the efficiency and stability of these systems, this paper aims at presenting an overview of common concepts and their properties together with key figures based on an empirical study. The concepts are further analyzed and evaluated with respect to resulting lead times and stability

A Community Needs Assessment for a Camp Activity Center for People with Disabilities

This paper describes a needs assessment of a camp for individuals with disabilities. Utilizing a combination of focus groups and interviews, the needs assessment explores the benefits of additional space and services of an activity center and sensory room, the desire for additional equipment, the value of occupational therapy services, and the potential benefit these additions may have for the surrounding populations within the community. The participants include administrative staff, counselors, campers, and other key informants who maintain knowledge of the topics pertaining to the camp. The results revealed three major themes including marketing, staffing, and indoor space. It was determined through the focus groups and interviews that additional space is needed for indoor activities at Indian Trails Camp. An activity center would be beneficial for multiple reasons; including an improvement to the overall facility and the programs it can offer to the current population, as well as the surrounding community. The implications of the findings for building the activity and sensory room, adding equipment, and hiring an occupational therapist are discussed

The guanine nucleotide exchange factor Vav2 is a negative regulator of parathyroid hormone receptor/G(q) signaling.

The parathyroid hormone receptor (PTHR) is a class B G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that mediates the endocrine and paracrine effects of parathyroid hormone and related peptides through the activation of phospholipase C beta-, adenylyl cyclase-, mitogen-activated protein kinase-, and beta-arrestin-initiated signaling pathways. It is currently not clear how specificity among these downstream signaling pathways is achieved. A possible mechanism involves adaptor proteins that affect receptor/effector coupling. In a proteomic screen with the PTHR C terminus, we identified vav2, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Rho GTPases, as a PTHR-interacting protein. The core domains of vav2 bound to the intracellular domains of the PTHR independent of receptor activation. In addition, vav2 specifically interacted with activated G alpha(q) but not with G alpha(s) subunits, and it competed with PTHR for coupling to G alpha(q). Consistent with its specific interaction with G alpha(q), vav2 impaired G(q)-mediated inositol phosphate generation but not G(s)-mediated cAMP generation. This inhibition of G(q) signaling was specific for PTHR signaling, compared with other G(q)-coupled GPCRs. Moreover, the benefit for PTHR-mediated inositol phosphate generation in the absence of vav2 required the ezrin binding domain of Na+/H+-exchanger regulatory factor 1. Our results show that a RhoA GEF can specifically interact with a GPCR and modulate its G protein signaling specificity

User's guide for the Solar Backscattered Ultraviolet (SBUV) and the Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) RUT-S and RUT-T data sets: October 31, 1978 to November 1, 1980

Raw data from the Solar Backscattered Ultrviolet/Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (SBUV/TOMS) Nimbus 7 operation are available on computer tape. These data are contained on two separate sets of RUTs (Raw Units Tapes) for SBUV and TOMS, labelled RUT-S and RUT-T respectively. The RUT-S and RUT-T tapes contain uncalibrated radiance and irradiance data, housekeeping data, wavelength and electronic calibration data, instrument field-of-view location and solar ephemeris information. These tapes also contain colocated cloud, terrain pressure and snow/ice thickness data, each derived from an independent source. The "RUT User's Guide" describes the SBUV and TOMS experiments, the instrument calibration and performance, operating schedules, and data coverage, and provides an assessment of RUT-S and -T data quality. It also provides detailed information on the data available on the computer tapes

Grain boundary assisted photocurrent collection in thin film solar cells

The influence of absorber grain boundaries on the photocurrent transport in chalcopyrite based thin film solar cells has been calculated using a two dimensional numerical model. Considering extreme cases, the variation in red response is more expressed than in one dimensional models. These findings may offer an explanation for the strong influence of buffer layer preparation on the spectral response of cells with small grained absorbers