A Rare Association Between Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency Type I and Psoriasis in Humans

The β2 integrins are expressed exclusively on leukocytes and participate in many immune and inflammatory processes. This subfamily comprises four heterodimeric glycoproteins with a common β-subunit, designated β2 (CD18). Spontaneous mutations of the CD18 gene result in leukocyte adhesion deficiency type I (LAD-I). Low level of CD18 expression has also been implicated in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. We here describe a child with recurrent skin infections without pus formation, persistent gingivitis and periodontitis. His blood counts showed persistent leukocytosis (neutrophilia). CD11b expression was defective on neutrophils, while that of CD18 was normal. So, our patient represents a mild variant of LAD-I with possible dysfunctional CD18. Moreover, he developed psoriasis with reduced CD18 expression on CD4+ T-cells. Psoriasiform dermatitis has been described before in association with LAD-I, however, clinically and histologically confirmed psoriasis in association with LAD-I has been described only in CD18 hypomorphic mice. Therefore, our patient represents the first clinically and histopathologically documented association between LAD-I and psoriasis in humans. It lends support to the role of β2 integrins in the etiopathogenesis of psoriasis

Beyond hybridization: the genetic impacts of non-reproductive ecological interactions of salmon aquaculture on wild populations

Cultured Atlantic salmon Salmo salar are of international socioeconomic value, and the process of domestication has resulted in significant behavioural, morphological, and allelic differences from wild populations. Substantial evidence indicates that direct genetic interactions or interbreeding between wild and escaped farmed Atlantic salmon occurs, genetically altering wild salmon and reducing population viability. However, genetic interactions may also occur through ecological mechanisms (e.g. disease, parasites, predation, competition), both in conjunction with and in the absence of interbreeding. Here we examine existing evidence for ecological and non-reproductive genetic interactions between domestic Atlantic salmon and wild populations and the potential use of genetic and genomic tools to resolve these impacts. Our review identified examples of genetic changes resulting from ecological processes, predominately through pathogen or parasite transmission. In addition, many examples were identified where aquaculture activities have either altered the selective landscape experienced by wild populations or resulted in reductions in population abundance, both of which are consistent with the widespread occurrence of indirect genetic changes. We further identify opportunities for genetic or genomic methods to quantify these impacts, though careful experimental design and pre-impact comparisons are often needed to accurately attribute genetic change to aquaculture activities. Our review indicates that ecological and non-reproductive genetic interactions are important, and further study is urgently needed to support an integrated understanding of aquaculture-ecosystem interactions, their implications for ecosystem stability, and the development of potential mitigation and management strategies

Genomic evidence of recent European introgression into North American farmed and wild Atlantic salmon

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3-Pyridylacetonitrile-ligated 11-vertex rhodathiaboranes: synthesis, characterization, and X-ray crystal structure

The reaction between the 11-vertex rhodathiaborane [8,8-(PPh3)2-nido-8,7-RhSB9H10] (1) and 3-pyridylacetonitrile affords the hydrorhodathiaborane [8,8,8-(PPh3)2H-9-(3-Py-CH2CN)-nido-8,7-RhSB9H9] (2) in good yield. Treatment of this cluster with ethylene leads to the formation of red, [1,1-(PPh3)(η2-C2H4)-3-(3-Py-CH2CN)-closo-1,2-RhSB9H8] (3). Both 11-vertex polyhedral boron-based clusters have been characterized by multielement NMR spectroscopy. In addition, (3) has been analyzed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis and is only the second ethylene-ligated metalla-heteroborane to be characterized in the solid state. The molecular structure of this cluster is based on an octadecahedron. In the crystal lattice, the individual clusters form layers supported by short edge-to-face π-interactions between the phenyl rings of neighboring molecules.We acknowledge the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (CTQ2012-32095, CONSOLIDER INGENIO, CSD2009-00050, MULTICAT and CSD2006-0015, Crystallization Factory) for support of this work and the KFUPM-University of Zaragoza research agreement. B.C. thanks the “Diputación General de Aragón” for a pre-doctoral scholarship.Peer reviewe

Organisational maturity and functional performance

Abstract This article examines the maturity of company practises from two different perspectives. The overall management system is analysed by using the People Capability Maturity Model. The maturity of an operational function is scrutinised by using the Verification and Validation Maturity Model (V2M2). Verification and Validation (V&V) was chosen as an example as it has become a challenging function for the management of the high technology sector. Even the best performer in the managerial maturity analyses, a major Scandinavian telecom company has significant difficulties with the V&V maturity. Typically, small and medium sized companies should concentrate on developing their overall management system before they can reach high maturity in single operational functions

Chemistry of 11-vertex rhodathiaboranes: reactions with monodentate phosphines

The reaction of [8,8-(PPh3)2-nido-8,7-RhSB 9H10] (1) with PR3 in a 1:2 ratio affords mixtures that contain the mono-substituted bis-PR3-ligated rhodathiaboranes [8,8-(PPh3)(L)-nido-8,7-RhSB9H 10] [L = PMe2Ph (5), PMe3 (6)] and the corresponding tris-PR3-ligated compounds [8,8,8-(L) 3-nido-8,7-RhSB9H10] [L = PMe2Ph (7), PMe3 (8)]. These latter species are more conveniently prepared from the reaction of 1 with three equivalents of the monodentate phosphines, PMe2Ph and PMe3. Reaction between 1 and PMePh2 in a 1:2 ratio yields the disubstituted rhodathiaborane [8,8-(PMePh 2)2-nido-8,7-RhSB9H10] (4), whereas the use of three equivalents of phosphine leads to the formation of B-ligated eleven-vertex [8,8,8-(PMePh2)2(H)-nido-8,7-RhSB 9H9-9-(PMePh2)] (9). Compounds 4-9 have been characterized by NMR spectroscopy, and the structures of 8 and 9 confirmed by X-ray diffraction analyses. The characterization of the cluster compounds has been aided by the use of DFT calculations on some of the species. Variable-temperature NMR studies have demonstrated a lability of the PMePh 2 ligands in compounds 4 and 9, providing mechanistic insights about the ligand substitutional chemistry in these eleven-vertex rhodathiaboranes. © 2011 The Royal Society of Chemistry.We acknowledge the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (CTQ2009-10132, CONSOLIDER INGENIO, CSD2009-00050, MULTICAT and CSD2006-0015, Crystallization Factory) for support of this work.Peer Reviewe

Narratives from the North:early childhood teachers’ narrative identities in place

Abstract This study focuses on early childhood teachers’ narrative identities in the North, based on the concept of narrative identities in place. The aim of the study is to deepen understanding of early childhood teachers’ work in the culturally diverse North by approaching the teachers’ narrative identities as closely connected with place. The research question guiding this study is: How do early childhood teachers from the culturally diverse North narrate their identities? The research material consisted of 12 peer interviews (24 teachers). The findings show that early childhood teachers’ narrative identities in place are shaped in between three crucial dimensions: meaningful places, temporality, and (un)belonging to multiple communities. The study contributes to international research on teachers’ narrative identities, place-based education, and early childhood education both theoretically and methodologically. The findings of the study challenge teachers, teacher educators, and policymakers to recognise the significance of place for teachers’ identities

Analysis of the trade relationships between Spanish and Chinese companies

Abstract This study is part of the CHISU project. Since the late 80s, establishing trade relations with Chinese companies has become increasingly important for some Spanish companies. Some of them have settled manufacturing plants in China in order to enter the Chinese market and offer more price-competitive products. Most of these firms are located in the coastal region of east China. In some cases, they have not been able to choose their location. The paper is a qualitative study by. The study contains the particular experiences of Spanish firms and their evolution in the Chinese market. The data of the research are collected through several interviews with five Spanish companies that agreed to participate in this research. The study demonstrates that the preferred way to settle manufacturing plants in China is WFOEs, because of the freedom of decision-making on the management. The study provides much detail information on the topics such as the process of settling in China, the necessary investments, common difficulties firms have to deal with, and the relationship with the clients and suppliers. One of the findings breaks the following myth: “what is manufactured in China has lower quality”. The study illustrates that the subsidiaries of the case companies in China are able to manufacture products with superior quality. One of the important findings in this research is there is no relationship between weak IP protection in China and technology transfer to China. The main priority of the case companies is to keep competitiveness when the companies make decision on technology transfer