A three-dimensional finite-element thermal/mechanical analytical technique for high-performance traveling wave tubes

Current research in high-efficiency, high-performance traveling wave tubes (TWT's) has led to the development of novel thermal/ mechanical computer models for use with helical slow-wave structures. A three-dimensional, finite element computer model and analytical technique used to study the structural integrity and thermal operation of a high-efficiency, diamond-rod, K-band TWT designed for use in advanced space communications systems. This analysis focused on the slow-wave circuit in the radiofrequency section of the TWT, where an inherent localized heating problem existed and where failures were observed during earlier cold compression, or 'coining' fabrication technique that shows great potential for future TWT development efforts. For this analysis, a three-dimensional, finite element model was used along with MARC, a commercially available finite element code, to simulate the fabrication of a diamond-rod TWT. This analysis was conducted by using component and material specifications consistent with actual TWT fabrication and was verified against empirical data. The analysis is nonlinear owing to material plasticity introduced by the forming process and also to geometric nonlinearities presented by the component assembly configuration. The computer model was developed by using the high efficiency, K-band TWT design but is general enough to permit similar analyses to be performed on a wide variety of TWT designs and styles. The results of the TWT operating condition and structural failure mode analysis, as well as a comparison of analytical results to test data are presented

Short communication. Collection and characterisation of a population of Triticum boeoticum Boiss., a wild wheat species not previously found in the Mediterranean western region

En julio del 2010 se recolectó una población de trigo silvestre en una zona abandonada cerca de Madrid, España. Esta zona posee una biodiversidad botánica elevada y un tipo de suelo muy peculiar denominado “arcillas verdes”. Se recogió una muestra de trigo y se multiplicó y caracterizó para varios caracteres agro-morfológicos y subunidades de gluteninas. El número cromosómico 2n de las semillas demostró que es una especie diploide de trigo y los datos de caracterización indicaron que es Triticum boeoticum Boiss. Esta especie llegó probablemente como mala hierba del cultivo de escaña que se producía en la zona hasta al menos la primera mitad del s. xix. Las características edáficas y climáticas del lugar y el hecho de que no haya referencias hasta ahora de esta especie en la zona oeste de la región Mediterránea aumentan el valor de esta adquisición para la mejora del trigo. La nueva accesión se conserva en el Centro Nacional de Recursos Fitogenéticos y se ha depositado una hoja de herbario en el Real Jardín Botánico de Madri

Simon Terrill: Crowd Theory 2004-18, Perspectives, Notes and Comments

A catalogue publication for a major survey of the monumental Crowd Theory photographs by Melbourne-born, London-based artist Simon Terrill. The publication coincides with an exhibition bringing together all ten Crowd Theory images for the first time, at the Centre for Contemporary Photography, Melbourne. Inside are a range of responses and documents, including images and texts from the time of each event, as well as three newly commissioned essays reflecting on the project

Comparison of Computational-Model and Experimental-Example Trained Neural Networks for Processing Speckled Fringe Patterns

The responses of artificial neural networks to experimental and model-generated inputs are compared for detection of damage in twisted fan blades using electronic holography. The training-set inputs, for this work, are experimentally generated characteristic patterns of the vibrating blades. The outputs are damage-flag indicators or second derivatives of the sensitivity-vector-projected displacement vectors from a finite element model. Artificial neural networks have been trained in the past with computational-model-generated training sets. This approach avoids the difficult inverse calculations traditionally used to compare interference fringes with the models. But the high modeling standards are hard to achieve, even with fan-blade finite-element models

Vibrational Analysis of Engine Components Using Neural-Net Processing and Electronic Holography

The use of computational-model trained artificial neural networks to acquire damage specific information from electronic holograms is discussed. A neural network is trained to transform two time-average holograms into a pattern related to the bending-induced-strain distribution of the vibrating component. The bending distribution is very sensitive to component damage unlike the characteristic fringe pattern or the displacement amplitude distribution. The neural network processor is fast for real-time visualization of damage. The two-hologram limit makes the processor more robust to speckle pattern decorrelation. Undamaged and cracked cantilever plates serve as effective objects for testing the combination of electronic holography and neural-net processing. The requirements are discussed for using finite-element-model trained neural networks for field inspections of engine components. The paper specifically discusses neural-network fringe pattern analysis in the presence of the laser speckle effect and the performances of two limiting cases of the neural-net architecture

Sex-Dimorphic Interactions of MAOA Genotype and Child Maltreatment Predispose College Students to Polysubstance Use

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.Polysubstance use (PSU) is highly prevalent among college students. Recent evidence indicates that PSU is based on gene x environment (G×E) interactions, yet the specific biosocial factors underlying this problem remain elusive. We recently reported that lifetime use of tobacco and cannabis in college students is influenced by the interaction of the X-linked MAOA (monoamine oxidase A) gene and child maltreatment. Building on these premises, here we evaluated whether the same G×E interaction may also predict PSU in this population. Students of a large Midwestern university (n = 470; 50.9% females) took part in a computer survey for substance use, as well as childhood trauma exposure, using the Child Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). DNA was extracted from their saliva samples and genotyped for MAOA variable-number of tandem repeat (VNTR) variants. Findings indicated that the highest number of substances were used by male students harboring low-activity MAOA alleles with a history of childhood emotional abuse. In contrast, female homozygous high-activity MAOA carriers with a history of emotional and physical abuse reported consumption of the greatest number of substances. Our results indicate that PSU among college students is influenced by the interaction of MAOA and child maltreatment in a sex-specific fashion. Further studies are warranted to understand the mechanisms of sex differences in the biosocial interplays underlying PSU in this at-risk group

PERAN HAKIM MEDIATOR DALAM SENGKETA KEWARISAN DI PENGADILAN AGAMA PINRANG KELAS 1B

In the thesis entitled The Role of Mediator Judges in Mediation of Inheritance Disputes at the Pinrang Religious Court Class 1B discusses the role and ideas of mediators in the settlement of inheritance disputes at the Pinrang Religious Court Class IB and also discusses the problems faced by the mediator judges when mediating inheritance cases. . Which causes a lack of public trust in the judiciary which is considered slow and convoluted in resolving a case, therefore the author wants to know the roles and ideas that are carried out by mediators in resolving inheritance cases in mediation and what are the obstacles for mediators in dealing with mediation. inheritance case in the Pinrang Religious Court Class 1B. The type of research used is field research, using a formal legality approach and a social approach. This data was obtained from judges and mediator judges of the Pinrang Religious Court. Data collection methods used in this study were observation, interviews, documentation and searches of various literatures or references. Data processing and analysis techniques were carried out in three stages, namely: data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study state that the role of the mediator judge in resolving inheritance disputes at the Pinrang Religious Court Class IB has an important role in conducting the mediation process based on the results of interviews with judges as mediators at the Pinrang Religious Court Class I B. It's just that the success achieved by the mediator in resolving disputes inheritance in the Pinrang Religious Court has not been effective due to several inhibiting factors, both from the mediator himself and from the parties concerned. The implication of this research is that there is a mediation process carried out by the mediator in the Court with the aim of increasing the process of resolving cases, especially in mediation. The mediator must play a role in carrying out the best dispute resolution so that the mediation process runs optimally, so that the parties feel satisfied and no party is harmed, this research is expected to have an impact on increasing the success of the mediator in mediating parties who have cases in the Religious Courts.Dalam skripsi yang berjudul Peran Hakim Mediator Dalam Sengketa Kewarisan Di Pengadilan Agama Pinrang Kelas 1B membahas tentang bagaimana peran dan gagasan mediator dalam penyelesaian sengketa kewarisan di Pengadilan Agama Pinrang Kelas IB dan juga membahas tentang problematika yang di hadapi para hakim mediator pada saat mediasi perkara kewarisan. Yang menyebabkan kurangnya kepercayaan masyarakat terhadap lembaga peradilan yang dianggap lambat dan berbelit-belit dalam menyelesaikan suatu perkara, oleh sebab itu penulis ingin mengetahui peran dan gagasan yang dilakukan para mediator dalam menyelesaikan perkara kewarisan dalam mediasi dan apa saja yang menjadi kendala para mediator dalam menghadapi mediasi perkara kewarisan di Pengadilan Agama Pinrang Kelas 1B. Jenis Penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian lapangan (field research), dengan menggunakan pendekatan yaitu pendekatan legalitas formal dan pendekatan sosial. Data ini diperoleh dari hakim dan hakim mediator Pengadilan Agama Pinrang. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian yaitu observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi dan penelusuran berbagai literatur atau referensi. Teknik pengolahan dan analisis data yang dilakukan dengan tiga tahapan, yaitu: reduksi data, display data dan     penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa peranan hakim mediator dalam menyelesaikan sengketa kewarisan pada Pengadian Agama Pinrang Kelas I B memiliki peran penting dalam melakukan proses mediasi berdasarkan dari hasil wawancara dengan para hakim selaku mediator di Pengadilan Agama Pinrang Kelas I B. Hanya saja keberhasilan yang dicapai mediator dalam menyelesakan sengketa kewarisan di Pengadilan Agama Pinrang belum efektif karena adanya beberapa faktor penghambat, baik dari mediator sendiri dan dari para pihak yang bersangkutan. Implikasi dari penelitian ini yaitu dengan adanya proses mediasi yang dilakukan oleh mediator di Pengadilan dengan tujuan adanya peningkatan dalam proses penyelesaian perkara utamanya dalam mediasi. Mediator wajib berperan dalam melakukan penyelesaian sengketa yang terbaik agar proses mediasi berjalan maksimal, agar para pihak merasa puas dan tidak ada pihak yang dirugikan, penelitian ini diinginkan akan berdampak terhadap peningkatan pada keberhasilan mediator dalam memediasi pihak yang memiliki perkara di Pengadilan Agama

Soluble Antigen Arrays Displaying Mimotopes Direct the Response of Diabetogenic T Cells

This document is the Accepted Manuscript version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in ACS Chemical Biology, copyright © American Chemical Society after peer review and technical editing by the publisher. To access the final edited and published work see https://doi.org/10.1021/acschembio.9b00090.Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disorder which develops when insulin-producing, pancreatic beta cells are destroyed by an aberrant immune response. Current therapies for T1D either treat symptoms or cause global immunosuppression, which leave patients at risk of developing long-term complications or vulnerable to foreign pathogens. Antigen-specific immunotherapies have emerged as a selective approach for autoimmune diseases by inducing tolerance while mitigating global immunosuppression. We previously reported SAgAs with multiple copies of a multiple sclerosis (MS) autoantigen grafted onto hyaluronic acid (HA) as an efficacious therapy in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. While the immune response of MS is distinct from T1D, the mechanism of SAgAs was hypothesized to be similar and via induction of immune tolerance to diabetes antigens. We synthesized SAgAs composed of HA polymer backbone conjugated with multiple copies of the T1D autoantigen mimotope p79 using aminooxy chemistry (SAgAp79) or using copper-catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition (cSAgAp79) chemistry. SAgAs constructed using the hydrolyzable aminooxy linkage, thus capable of releasing p79, exhibited physicochemical properties similar to the triazole linkage. Both SAgAp79 versions showed high specificity and efficacy in stimulating epitope-specific T cells. SAgAs can be taken up by most immune cell populations but do not induce their maturation, and conventional dendritic cells are responsible for the brunt of antigen presentation within splenocytes. cSAgAp79 was more stimulatory than SAgAp79 both in vitro and in vivo, an effect that was ascribed to the peptide modification rather than the type of linkage. In summary, we provide here the first proof-of-principle that SAgA therapy could also be applicable to T1D.NIH T32 GM008545Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation (2-SRA-2017-312-S-B)NIH Shared Instrumentation Grant # S10RR024664NSF Major Research Instrumentation Award # 1625923NIH S10OD020056Diabetes Research Center grant P30DK063608NIH HHSN272201300006