Jejaring dalam Difusi Inovasi Tungku Sehat Hemat Energi (TSHE) Kasus: Kulon Progo D.I. YOGYAKARTA

Tungku Sehat Hemat Energi (TSHE) merupakan penyempurnaan dari tungku tradisional yang sudah dikenal dan biasa digunakan masyarakat khususnya di perdesaan. TSHE adalah teknologi baru yang mudah diadopsi oleh masyarakat. Tungku ini lebih banyak keunggulannya, antara lain tidak mengeluarkan asap, tidak boros kayu bakar karena masakan lebih cepat matang, tidak boros waktu, dan dapur lebih bersih. Dalam difusi inovasi TSHE, jejaring sangat dibutuhkan untuk pembagian peran dalam menginformasikan, mengkomunikasikan, dan menyebarluaskan kelebihan TSHE serta bahayanya menggunakan tungku tradisional. Jejaring ini untuk mengetahui seberapa besar peran jejaring dan para pelaku/aktor dalam difusi inovasi TSHE. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Social Network Analysis (SNA), yaitu metode yang menggambarkan bagaimana hubungan dan interaksi berjalan antara aktor yang satu dengan aktor yang lainnya dalam suatu hubungan sosial. Hasil studi ini memperlihatkan pentingnya jejaring dalam difusi inovasi TSHE serta aktor-aktor yang berperan dalam pengembangan dan difusi inovasi TSHE; keberhasilan jejaring difusi inovasi tidak dapat dilakukan oleh satu lembaga saja tetapi harus saling berkaitan antara lembaga yang satu dengan lainnya walaupun tetap dibutuhkan satu lembaga yang menjadi sentral; dan yang paling penting adalah peran komunikasi terutama komunikasi interpersonal dalam mempercepat keberhasilan difusi inovasi TSHE dan juga dalam pencarian dana baik dari dalam maupun luar negeri

Calcium and Phosphor Retention in the Panhisterectomized Rats Fed High Calcium

The objectives of the research was to study the effect of panhisterectomy on calcium (Ca) and phosphor (P) retention in the female Sprague Dawley rats that were fed teri which ratio of Ca:P is 3:1 for 12 weeks. Ten female of Sprague Dawley rats, 6 weeks of age were randomly divided into two groups (control and anhisterectomized groups) of five each. At 8 weeks of age, the rats of panhisterectomized group were panhisterectomized. At 20 weeks of age, they were placed into individual metabolic cages for balance study. The remaining of feed was collected for calcium and phosphor analyses. Every morning, from days 4 to 8 of the balance study, urine andfecal samples were also collected at the same time. The research results showed that calcium and phosphor retentions were significantly reduced (P<0.05) in panhisterectomized group compared to that of the control group. Fecal calcium excretion was a significantly higher (P<0.05), whereas fecal and urinary phosphor excretions were significantly higher (P<0.05) in the panhisterectomized group compared to that of the control group. It is concluded that panhisterectomy leads to a reduction of the calcium and phosphor retention in the Sprague Dawley rats that were fed high calcium

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE COMBINATIONS OF CALCITRIOL AND ETHYNIL ETHYL ESTRADIOL TO DECREASE OSTEOPOROSIS AND ENDOMETRIAL CANCER RISKS IN OVARIECTOMIZED RATS

The objective of this research was to study the effectiveness of calcitriol and ethynil ethyl estradiol combinations to decrease osteoporosis and endometrial cancer risks in ovariectomized Wistar rats. Twenty five 8-week old female Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups (normal controlled rats/NK, ovariectomized rats/OVK, ovariectomized rats + calcitriol supplementation/OVD, ovariectomized rats + ethynil ethyl estradiol supplementation/OVE, and ovariectomized rats + calcitriol + ethynil ethyl estradiol supplementation/OVDE). At the end of the study, all rats were weighed and euthanized with 10% ketamine and 2% xylazine. Uterus and left femur were taken and fixed in 10% formaldehyde solution for histopathological examination using hematoxylin and eosin stain. Uterus was weighed before the fixation. The results showed that the percentage of uterus weight in OVK was significantly decreased compared to NK. Meanwhile, the percentage of uterus weight in OVDE was significantly increased compared to OVK. Histopathological features of the uterus in OVK were atrophy, reduction of myometrial and endometrial layers thickness, and formation of cuboidal epithelium in the endometrial lumen. However, the thickness of myometrial and endometrial layers in OVDE were increased, and its endometrial lumen was lined with metaplastic and hyperplastic squamous cell. Histopathological features of distal femur epiphysis in OVK ras showed fewer trabecular spiculums and more adipocyte in the bone marrow compared to NK. However, OVDE had more trabecular bone spiculum and less adipocyte in the bone marrow compared to OVK. In conclusion, the combination of calcitriol and ethynil ethyl estradiol supplementation could reduce osteoporosis, but increased the endometrial cancer risk in ovariectomized Wistar rats

Suplemen Calcitriol Dosis Tinggi Mencegah Osteoporosis dan Memicu Urolitiasis pada Tikus Ovariektomi

Calcitriol supplementation in ovariectomized rats for 8 weeks reduce osteoporosis risk and safe for kidney depend a proper dose. The objective of the research was to study the efectivity of high dose calcitriol for osteoporosis prevention and safe for kidney  in ovariectomized Wistar rats. Fifteen female Wistar rats at 8 weeks of age were randomly divided into three  groups of five which were sham operated rats (KN), ovariectomized rats (KOV), and ovariectomized rats+calcitriol supplementation 200ng/day (OVD200). After 8 weeks of treatment, blood samples were taken from plexus orbitalis medialis for estrogen analysis. All rats were then euthanized, left tibia and left kidney were taken for histopathological examination using hematoxylin and eosin stain. Immunohistochemistry using anti TRAP5b monoclonal antibody was also done for left tibia by streptavidin-biotin.  The results showed that estradiol level of KOV was significantly decreased compared with KN (P<0.05), meanwhile, estradiol levels of OVD200 were not significantly different compared with KOV. Histopathologic figure of kidney in KOV was not different compared with KN. Glomerulus was surrounded by Bowman‘s capsule, proximal and distal convoluted tubulus were lined with typical cuboidal epithelium. Immunohistochemistry result of proximal tibial epiphysis in KOV were shown more tartrate resistant alkaline phosphatase 5b (TRAP5b) expression in trabecular bone, which was located in bone marrow space, and trabecular speculum surface as well. Meanwhile, proximal tibia epiphysis in OVD200 had less tartrate resistant alkaline phosphatase 5b (TRAP5b) expression compared with KOV. Histopathologic figure  of proximal tibia epiphysis in group OVD200 was shown more trabecular bone speculum and less adipocyte in the bone marrow compared with KOV. Histopathologic figure of kidney in OVD200 was showed glomerular  hypertrophy and atrophy, as well as protein deposits in proximal convoluted tubules epithelium.  In conclusion, calcitriol supplementation 200ng/day in ovariectomized rats for 8 weeks prevented osteoporosis risk but trigger urolithiasis. Key words :  : Calcitriol, osteoporosis, ovariectomized rats, urolithiasi

Suplementasi Calcitriol Menurunkan Risiko Osteoporosis Tikus Ovariektomi

Suplemen calcitriol memicu pembentukan tulang, namun juga meningkatkan resorpsi tulang. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengkaji efektivitas calcitriol dalam menurunkan risiko osteoporosis tikus ovariektomi. Lima belas tikus Wistar betina umur delapan minggu, dibagi tiga kelompok (kontrol normal KN, kontrol ovariektomi KOV, dan ovariektomi+ calcitriol OVD ) dan diberi perlakuan selama delapan minggu. Pada akhir perlakuan, 100 dilakukan pengambilan darah melalui pleksus retroorbitalis untuk pemeriksaan estradiol, selanjutnya semua tikus dietanasi menggunakan campuran ketamin10% dengan xylaxine 2%. Femur kiri diambil untuk pemeriksaan histopatologis. Hasil analisis menunjukkan tikus KOV mempunyai konsentrasi estradiol yang secara signifikan lebih rendah dibandingkan tikus KN, dan tikus OVD mempunyai konsentrasi estradiol tidak 100 berbeda signifikan dibanding tikus KOV. Gambaran histopatologis epifisis tulang femur distalis tikus OVD 100terlihat mempunyai lebih sedikit jaringan adiposit dan lebih banyak spikulum trabekula dibanding tikus KOV. Dari hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa suplementasi calcitriol 100ng/hari selama delapan minggu pada tikus ovariektomi menurunkan risiko osteoporosis

PENGARUH METODE DEMONSTRASI, CERAMAH DAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SENI BUDAYA SISWA KELAS VIII DI SMP NEGERI 7 PROBOLINGGO

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan hasil belajar siswa antara pembelajaran metode demonstrasi dan metode ceramah juga mengetahui perbedaan hasil belajar antara siswa yang mempunyai motivasi belajar yang tinggi dengan siswa yang mempunyai motivasi belajar yang rendah juga adanya interaksi antara pembelajaran metode demonstrasi dan metode ceramah mata pelajaran Seni Budaya kelas VIII SMP Negeri 7 Probolinggo. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMP Negeri 7 Probolinggo dengan menggunakan rancangan penelitian eksperimen dengan dua kelompok sampel yang berupa pembelajaran metode demonstrasi dan pembelajaran metode ceramah dengan motivasi tinggi dan rendah. Teknik pengumpulan hasil tes setiap kelompok mengunakan analisis variasi (Anava) 2 jalur yaitu uji prasyarat analisis dan uji homogenitas. Metode penelitian menggunakan kuesioner atau angket dan tes yang berdasarkan hipotesis-hipotesis yang akan diuji kebenarannya dengan mempertimbangkan pemberian metode pembelajaran demonstrasi dengan pembelajaran ceramah. Hasil penelitian ini adalah ada perbedaan hasil belajar pada pembelajaran demonstrasi dengan pembelajaran ceramah, ada pengaruh motivasi belajar siswa yang tinggi dan motivasi belajar siswa yang rendah dengan model pembelajaran demonstrasi dan pembelajaran ceramah terhadap hasil belajar siswa juga ada interaksi antara pengaruh penggunaan model pembelajaran demonstrasi, ceramah dan motivasi  belajar siswa tinggi  dan motivasi belajar renda

Respon Sistem Homeostasis Kalsium Tikus Ovariektomi Yang Mengkonsumsi Kombinasi Calcitriol Dengan Raloxifene

Normal range of calcium (Ca) level in the blood is maintained by Ca homeostasis in the intestinal, kidney and bone. The objective of this research was to study the response of calcium homeostasis system ovariectomized rats consuming combination of calcitriol and raloxifene by calcium balance study. Twenty five female Wistar rats at 8 weeks of age were divided into five groups of five: normal control (NK), ovariectomy control (OVK), ovariectomy+calcitriol (OVD ), ovariectomy+ raloxifene (OVR), and ovariectomy+calcitriol+ 20raloxifene supplementation (OVDR), of five each. Seven weeks after the surgery, each rats was placed into individual metabolic cages for Ca balance studies (Ca consumption, feces and urine Ca excretion, and intestinalCa absorption). In 5 to 8 days of the balance studies, the remaining food, urine, and feces were collected every day for Ca analyses. The results showed that Ca consumption, feces and urine Ca excretion, and intestinal Ca absorption of OVDR rats were higher than OVK rats. Consumption and feces Ca excretion of OVDR rats were higher than OVK rats which informed the decrease of estrogen hormone. Intestinal Ca absorption of OVDR rats was higher than OVK rats which informed the decrease of parathyroid hormone. Meanwhile, urine Ca excretionof OVDR rats was higher than OVK rats which informed the decrease of parathyroid hormone and estrogen. In conclusions, the response of calcium homeostasis system in ovariectomized rats consuming combination ofcalcitriol and raloxifene for 8 weeks was marked by increasing Ca absorption in intestine and Ca excretion in urine

Sistem Informasi Manajemen Pameran Industri di Dinas Perindustrian Koperasi dan UMKM Kabupaten Kudus

Salah satu permasalahan yang terjadi pada Dinas Perindustrian Koperasi dan UMKM Kabupaten Kudus adalah dalam hal pengelolaan pameran industri Misalnya petugas kehilangan dokumen pendaftaran sebelum diinputkan. Pada saat penyeleksian petugas melakukan kesalahan karena proses yang masih manual. Serta pembuatan laporan dengan format yang tidak standar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan aplikasi sistem informasi manajemen pameran industri di Dinas Perindustrian Koperasi dan UMKM Kabupaten Kudus yang mampu mengelola manajemen pameran industri yang dimulai dari pendaftaran, seleksi, pengumuman, pengelolaan hasil pameran, serta pembuatan laporan. Metode yang digunakan penulis dalam penelitian ini adalah metode observasi lapangan, wawancara dengan para staf, serta menggunakan teori-teori yang telah didapat selama perkuliahan dan teori dari buku-buku penunjang. Perancangan sistem informasi yang digunakan adalah FOD dan UML. Sedangkan bahasa pemrograman yang digunakan adalah PHP dan database MySQL. Hasil dari rancang bangun ini adalah sebuah aplikasi berbasis web untuk Dinas Perindustrian Koperasi dan UMKM Kabupaten Kudus bernama SIMPARI

PENGARUH PANHisTEREKTOMI TERHADAP HOMEOSTASIS KALSIUM DAN FOSFOR TIKUS Sprague Dawley YANG DIBERI PAKAN BUNGKIL KEDELAI

The objectives ofthe current experiment were to study the effect ofpanhisterectomy on calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) homesotasis in female Sprague Dawley rats that were fed soymeal which ratio of Ca:P 3: 1.Ten female Sprague Dawley rats, 6 weeks of age were randomly divided into two groups of five each. At 8 weeks of age, the rats of treatment group were panhisterectomized. The second group was left as control At 20 weeks of age, all animals of the two groups were placed in to individual metabolic cages for a balance study. Every morning from day 4 to 8 of the balance study, the feed left over was collected for Ca and P analyses. Urine and fecal samples were also collected at the same time. The results showed that fecal Ca and P excretion were significantly higher (

PENGEMBANGAN MULTIMEDIA PEMBELAJARAN INTERAKTIF BERBASIS MODEL COOPERATIVE LEARNING TIPE TEAM ASISSTED INDIVIDUALIZATION PADA MATA PELAJARAN PEMROGRAMAN DASAR SMK

Kurangnya keaktifan siswa dan pengembangan media ajar menjadi faktor utama pengembangan multimedia ini. Multimedia pembelajaran interaktif berbasis Cooperative Learning tipe Team Assisted Individualization (TAI) sebagai penunjang media ajar pada mata pelajaran Pemrograman Dasar SMK. Model pengembangan multimedia pembelajaran interaktif terdiri dari tahap analisis, desain, pengembangan/pengkodean, implementasi, dan penilaian. Pada tahap analisis, dilakukan penyebaran angket untuk siswa dan wawancara guru mata pelajaran Pemrograman Dasar yang mengajar siswa kelas X jurusan TKJ (Teknik Komputer Jaringan) SMK Negeri 1 Cirebon. Tahap desain dilakukan perancangan multimedia. Setelah multimedia dirancang dan kemudian dikembangkan, dilakukan validasi ahli (dosen atau guru) yang terdiri dari validasi ahli media dan materi untuk kelayakan multimedia dan diimplementasikan pada siswa untuk mengetahui respon siswa terhadap multimedia dengan dibagikan angket penilaian siswa pada 24 siswa kelas X TKJ 1 (Teknik Komputer Jaringan) SMK Negeri 1 Cirebon. Dari penelitian ini didapatkan hasil: 1) multimedia pembelajaran interaktif berbasis Cooperative Learning tipe Team Assisted Individualization (TAI) yang telah dikembangkan dinilai Baik dan layak digunakan dengan rata-rata persentase kelayakan 77,89% oleh ahli media dan 78,00% oleh ahli materi, 2) siswa memberikan penilaian Baik terhadap multimedia dengan persentase penilaian yang diuraikan menjadi 3 aspek, 72,63 % untuk aspek RPL, 88,83 % untuk aspek pembelajaran dan 70,20 % untuk aspek antar muka. Kata kunci: Multimedia Pembelajaran Interaktif, Cooperative Learning, Team Assisted Individualization (TAI) Decrease student’s active and development learning media is become main factor from development this multimedia. Interactive Learning Multimedia Based of Cooperative Learning Type of Team Assisted Individualization (TAI) as assisted learning media for Course Basic Programming SMK. The development interactive learning multimedia model are consist of analysis, design, development or coding, implementation, and assessment. For analysis phase, spreading questionnaire for students and interview with Basic Programming teacher who teach student X grade in TKJ (Teknik Komputer Jaringan) of SMK Negeri 1 Cirebon. which purpose for development interactive learning multimedia based of Cooperative Learning Type of Team Assisted Individualization (TAI) for Course Basic Programming. Design phase is multimedia planning. After multimedia was planned and then developed, expert validation (doing by teacher or lecturer) are consists of expert validation media and material for multimedia proper and implementation for students to know how students’s responses toward multimedia with questionnaire to 24 students X grade in TKJ 1 SMK Negeri 1 Cirebon. According to this research, it earned result: 1) interactive learning multimedia based from Cooperative Learning type of Team Assisted Individualization (TAI) which has been developed is considered appropriate and proper to be used with average of percentage 77,89% according to media expert and 78,00% according to material expert, 2) students giving positive responses with percentage of assessment that divided into three aspects, 72,63 % for software engineering aspect, 88,83 % for learning aspect, and 70,20 % for interface aspect. Keyword : Interactive Learning Multimedia, Cooperative Learning, Team Assisted Individualization (TAI