Optimization of Concentration and EM4 Augmentation for Improving Bio-Gas Productivity From Jatropha Curcas Linn Capsule Husk

Most literature suggests that two-phase digestion is more efficient than single-phase. The series of two-phase digestion studies have been conducted from 2011 to 2013 at the research farm of PT Bumimas Ekapersada, West Java, Indonesia. This paper reports on a research on optimation of concentration and augmentation of EM-4 (effective microorganism-4), a local commercial decomposer, as efforts to stabilize a biogas technology which made ​​from husk capsules of Jatropha curcas Linn (DH-JcL). The studies of increasing organic loading rate (OLR) for the two-phase digestion was conducted to improve efficiency. The concentration variable studied was 1: 8 (1 part DH-JCL and 8 parts water), compared to 1: 12 as a control. The augmentation treatment is the addition of EM-4 by 5% (v/v). It was also examined the augmentation of F2-EM4 (150 times duplication of EM-4) due to cost consideration. The studies were conducted in the laboratory which using a liter and two liters of glass digester and glass wool as immobilized growth. The results of this study support the previous studies: the optimum concentration was 1: 8, EM-4 was able to increase biogas production in two-phase digestion, yet biogas production decrease at single-phase. F2-EM4's ability to support production of biogas were equivalent to that of EM-4

Studi Living Qur’an: Tradisi Pembacaan Surat Al-Waqi’ah Di Pondok Pesantren Darul-Falah Tulungagung

AbstractThis paper discuss the tradition of reading Surah al-Waqi’ah which is familiarly practiced at the Darul-Falah Islamic Boarding School in Tulungagung. In this pesantren, all students are required to follow this routine tradition so that they are accustomed to practicing it in their daily life. By using the Living Qur'an study and Karl Mannheim's approach in the analysis form of a problem by reviewing it from the point of view of objective, expressive, and documentary meanings, this paper draws the following conclusions; first, the tradition of Surah al-Waqi’ah is read regularly every day to motivate the reader to get so much fadhilah. Second, the objective meaning of the reading of Surah al-Waqi’ah, is that this tradition has been lived and rooted for a long time to make students as pious and 'alim students. Meanwhile, the expressive meaning of reading surah al-Waqi’ah, can provide relief in times of difficulty, ease in solving problems, and easy to obtain sustenance. As for the documentary meaning, it can make students become disciplined people in religion, especially those related to God (hablun minallah) and also with fellow humans (hablun minannas).  AbstrakTulisan ini mengkaji tradisi pembacaan surat al-Waqi’ah yang familiar dipraktikkan di Pondok Pesantren Darul-Falah Tulungagung. Di pesantren ini, seluruh santri diwajibkan untuk mengikuti tradisi rutin tersebut agar terbiasa mengamalkannya dalam kehidupan keseharian. Dengan menggunakan studi Living Qur’an dan pendekatan Karl Mannheim, yakni menganalisis sebuah problem dengan meninjau dari sisi makna objektif, ekspresif dan dokumenter. Tulisan ini menghasilkan kesimpulan sebagai berikut; pertama, tradisi surat al-Waqi’ah dibaca secara rutin setiap hari untuk memotivasi pembaca agar mendapatkan fadhilah yang sangat banyak di dalamnya. Kedua, makna objektif dari pembacaan surat al-Waqi’ah ini, bahwa tradisi tersebut sudah dijalani dan mengakar sejak lama dengan tujuan menjadikan santri sebagai anak didik yang saleh dan ‘alim. Sementara makna ekspresif dari membaca surat al-Waqi’ah ini, dapat memberikan keringanan saat kesulitan, kemudahan dalam menyeleseikan masalah, dan gampang dalam memperoleh rezeki. Adapun makna dokumenternya, dapat membuat santri menjadi orang yang disiplin dalam beragama, khususnya yang berkaitan dengan Allah (hablun minallah) maupun juga dengan sesama manusia (hablun minannas). Kata Kunci: Al-Waqi’ah; Living Qur’an; PonPes Falah.Tulisan ini mengkaji tradisi pembacaan surat al-Waqi’ah yang familiar dipraktikkan di Pondok Pesantren Darul-Falah Tulungagung. Di pesantren ini, seluruh santri diwajibkan untuk mengikuti tradisi rutin tersebut agar terbiasa mengamalkan dalam kehidupan kesehariannya. Dengan menggunakan studi living Qur’an dan pendekatan Karl Mannheim, yakni menganalisis sebuah problema dengan meninjau dari sisi makna objektif, ekspresif dan dokumentar, tulisan ini menghasilkan kesimpulan sebagai berikut; pertama, tradisi surat al-Waqi’ah dibaca secara rutin setiap hari karena termotivasi mendapatkan fadhilah yang sangat banyak di dalamnya. Kedua, tradisi ini dilaksanakan di waktu sore sebelum maghrib setelah sholat ashar dengan ber-tawashul kepada para leluhur terlebih dahulu. Ketiga, makna objektif dari pembacaan surat al-Waqi’ah ini, bahwa tradisi tersebut sudah dijalani dan mengakar sejak lama dengan tujuan menjadikan santri sebagai anak didik yang saleh dan ‘alim. Sementara makna ekspresif dari membaca surat al-Waqi’ah ini, dapat memberikan keringanan saat kesulitan, kemudahan dalam menyeleseikan masalah, dan gampang dalam memperoleh rezeki. Adapaun makna dokumenter-nya, dapat membuat santri menjadi orang yang disiplin dalam beragama, khususnya yang berkaitan dengan Allah (hablun minallah) maupun juga dengan sesama manusia (hablun minannas)

Management of Educational Administration of Semarang Police Academy

This study aims to describe the characteristics of educational administration of leadership, public devotion, and Spirituality in Semarang Police Academy. This study is a qualitative study using an ethnographic design. The research was conducted in Semarang Police Academy. Informants in this study is the faculty, staff, cadets and midshipmen Of Semarang police academy caregivers. Methods of collecting data using interviews, observation, and documentation. The results showed: (1) Semarang police academy has 3 patterns of education, namely teaching, training and parenting, in management of educational administration of leadership were also conducted with three patterns. The process of learning taught courses in leadership in general can be done in the classroom and also outside the classroom, teaching in the classroom before starting daily as class president Commander platoon daily report to the teacher cadets ready for lessons. Educational leadership of Semarang police academy using peer tutors. Educational leadership by selecting cadets corps officer, who was chosen because of the potential and ranking. Officer cadets are given rewards, but if you violate sanctioned 2 times more than the usual cadet, there also remains the official addition to the daily official, Commander platoon either daily or daily class president. Caregiver parenting accompanied by cadets, as well as the appointment of younger foster brother and foster care by senior cadets and juniors, (2) In exercising dedication to the community undertaken periodically and incidental, Dedication to the community, periodically through social studies and Training Midshipman at the end of the semester, Dedication to the community, incidental implemented if there is a natural disaster or event that requires assistance to communities, (3) The learning process in Of Semarang police academy includes 3 aspects of physical, mental and spiritual. Includes two teaching spiritual formation, in the classroom and outside the classroom with courses that can be grouped in spirituality, and spiritual guidance Friday and Sunday, and every afternoon, and practiced in daily life. spiritual learning in the classroom, in addition to using the method of discussion is usually also done using the method of question and answer or lecture. Every Friday and Sunday brings the chaplain or preacher to give the youth a spray spiritua

The Study of Two Stages Anaerobic Digestion Application and Suitable Bio-Film as an Effort to Improve Bio-Gas Productivity from Jatropha Curcas Linn Capsule Husk

AbstractThe conversion program from kerosene to LPG in Indonesia has positive impact on saving budget of fuel subsidized. However, the program does not only depend on LPG supply from overseas but also inadvisable related to the LPG availability in the world. Bio-gas is renewable energy which categorized as modern cooking oil. This gaseous bio- fuel is feasible in Indonesia due to plenty of bio-gas resources such as bio-mass and waste, simple technology, supporting tropical climate on bio-gas process, no food competition on material supply, minimizing global warming, reducing water pollution and producing organic fertilizer. Some series of study are conducted on dried Jatropha curcas Linn. capsule husk (JCL-CH) as bio-gas feedstock. The objective of the study is to create technology for managing JCL integrally according to bio-refinery principle. This paper will present two studies, JCL-CH performance in single stage digester compared with two stages digester in laboratory and palm fiber compared with glass wool as bio-film/bio-carrier in methanogenesis reactor. The studies were conducted in Research Laboratory PT. Bumimas Ekapersada, Bekasi, West Java from March until May 2012. A liter of glass bottle as digester, arranged in Randomized Complete Design, three replications per treatment placed in 32°C water bath. The bio-gas feedstock was put continuously with Organic Loading Rate – OLR or concentration 1: 12 in single stage compared with 1: 12 and 1: 8 in two stages. The observed parameters were pH, temperature, bio-gas volume, methane concentration, volatile solid and acetic acid concentration. Bio-gas volume was measured by water displacement method and methane concentration was measured by gas chromatography. T-test was used for statistical analysis. The studies showed that two stages digester more efficient since it can increase methane concentration and bio-gas volume/gram VS. The bio-gas volume increase 63.83% in OLR 1: 8. Glass wool was more effective as bio-film carrier compared with palm fiber

Development Mathematics Realistic Education Worksheet Based on Ethnomathematics in Elementary School

Learning mathematics at the elementary school level is an interesting to research. This is due to the mathematical material that requires children to reason mathematically. Many learning models are introduced to students, but are not in accordance with the surrounding cultural conditions. Culture is something that is close and real in students' lives. The purpose of this research is to see the effectiveness of ethnomathematics-based realistic mathematics learning in elementary school. Realistic mathematics learning model based on ethnomathematics in elementary schools can be implemented with the help of worksheets that contain guided reinvention and didactical phenomenology and self-developed models with ethnomathematical-based materials in the form of batik typical of Pekalongan. This research is a research and development research which includes a define, design, development, and dissemination. Data collection techniques were carried out using observation, interviews, questionnaires, tests, and documentation methods. The data analysis technique was carried out with the Independent t-test to determine the effectiveness of the learning model. The results of this study indicate that 1) LKS is feasible to use as a source of practical, valid, and effective mathematics learning tools, 2) ethnomathematics-based realistic mathematics learning is effective viewed from student learning outcomes in elementary school

Development Mathematics Realistic Education Worksheet Based on Ethnomathematics in Elementary School

Learning mathematics at the elementary school level is an interesting to research. This is due to the mathematical material that requires children to reason mathematically. Many learning models are introduced to students, but are not in accordance with the surrounding cultural conditions. Culture is something that is close and real in students' lives. The purpose of this research is to see the effectiveness of ethnomathematics-based realistic mathematics learning in elementary school. Realistic mathematics learning model based on ethnomathematics in elementary schools can be implemented with the help of worksheets that contain guided reinvention and didactical phenomenology and self-developed models with ethnomathematical-based materials in the form of batik typical of Pekalongan. This research is a research and development research which includes a define, design, development, and dissemination. Data collection techniques were carried out using observation, interviews, questionnaires, tests, and documentation methods. The data analysis technique was carried out with the Independent t-test to determine the effectiveness of the learning model. The results of this study indicate that 1) LKS is feasible to use as a source of practical, valid, and effective mathematics learning tools, 2) ethnomathematics-based realistic mathematics learning is effective viewed from student learning outcomes in elementary school

Implementasi sistem manajemen keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja di Pt. Pln (Persero) Rayon Rote Ndao

The determining or the implementation of occupational safety and health management system is an obligation for all companies as is already mandated in Government Regulation Number 50 in 2012. The implementation have an aim to reduce the risk level of work accident noraltough the occupational illness which may be happening in work environment. The aim of this research is to cover the implementation of occupational safety and health management system at PT. PLN (Persero) Rayon Rote Ndao. This research is using descriptive analysis method with total five informants which are consist of the manager of PT.PLN (Persero) Rayon Rote Ndao, supervisor K3, office employee, field employee and engineer. The research result shows that theoccupational safety and health management system’s commitment and the policy, the occupational safety and health management system’s planning, the occupational safety and health management system’s implementation, the occupational safety and health management system’s measurement and evaluation, and the occupational safety and health management system’s review and improvement in PT.PLN (Persero) Rayon Rote Ndao have already been well applyed

Islamisasi Ilmu Pengetahuan Syed Muhammad Naquib Al-Attas Dan Isma’Il Raji Al-Faruqi

Abstrak Islamisasi muncul karena kekhawatiran intelektual Muslim yang melihat umat Islam berada dalam krisis akibat penerapan ilmu pengetahuan Barat yang berbass sekuler. Konsep sekuler dalam ilmu pengetahuan tidak sesuai dengan umat Islam karena memisahkan agama dari ilmu. Intelektual Muslim yang gencar mengagas Islamisasi adalah syed Muhammad Naquib Al-Attas dan Isma’il Raji Al-Faruqi. Keduanya sama-sama beranggapan bahwa ilmu pengetahuan Barat tidak bebas nilai karena berisi ide-ide, nilai-nilai dan doktrin dari kebudayaan dan peradaban Barat. Makalah ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui latar belakang, konsep, dan langka-langkah dalam proses Islamisasi ilmu menurut pandangan Syed Muhammad Naquib Al-Attas dan Isma’il Raji Al-Faruqi. Makalah ini merupakan penelitian kepustakaan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif. Kata kunci: Islamisasi, Al-Attas, Al-Faruqi