镉锌复合胁迫对秋茄幼苗渗透调节物质的影响

通过土壤盆栽研究了不同浓度镉(CCdd，0、2.5、50 mg kg -1)、锌(ZnZn，0、100、500 mg kg -1)胁迫下红树植物秋茄的 幼苗体内可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖、脯氨酸、有机酸含量的变化. 结果表明，Cd 、Zn 单一处理下，秋茄体内渗透调节物质 含量随重金属浓度升高而增加；Cd 、Zn 复合处理对秋茄体内可溶性蛋白质含量的复合效应主要表现为协同作用：Cd 的加入减弱Zn 对秋茄体内可溶性糖含量的刺激作用，低Cd 浓度处理下Zn 的加入导致可溶性糖含量增加，而高Cd 浓度 处理下Zn 的加入反而降低其含量. 低浓度Zn (或Cd )的加入与土壤中Cd (或Zn )发生拮抗作用，秋茄体内脯氨酸、有机酸 含量下降；高浓度Zn (或Cd )的加入与土壤中的Cd (或Zn )发生协同作用，导致渗透调节物质脯氨酸、有机酸的积累量增 加，从而缓解高浓度重金属的胁迫. 植物组织或部位不同，Cd 与Zn 浓度和比例不同，Cd 、Zn 之间的复合作用存在一定 的差异

Relationship between salinity and stable carbon isotope composition of C_3 plants

植物在盐生环境中δ13C值的改变可能包含两个成分:一个是盐分对CO2的扩散、传递或光合速率的影响而引起的δ13C值的改变;另一个是光合途径的转换引起的δ13C值的变化,δ13C值的大小与诱导发生CAM或C4代谢的程度有关。植物组织的δ13C值随盐度的变化趋势除了与植物本身固有的耐盐性有关以外,盐度和胁迫时间是影响植物δ13C的重要因素。根据盐生条件下同位素分馏特点可知,盐生植物与非盐生植物的δ13C随盐度的变化趋势有所不同。对非盐生植物而言,在低盐度和短期的盐处理下,随盐度的增加和胁迫时间的延长植物的δ13C值增大,这个阶段限制光合作用的主要因素是气孔导度;但是如果盐度过低,δ13C变化很小,则难以表现出应有的相关性;随着胁迫的加强,当限制光合作用的非气孔因素成为主导因素时,由于光合作用受到强烈抑制(光合结构遭到破坏),δ13C将随之降低。对盐生植物而言,其δ13C与最适盐度有关。最适盐度下,植物的δ13C低于其它盐度条件下的δ13C值。盐生条件下,有些C3植物可能发生光合途径的转换,无论诱导发生的是C4代谢还是CAM代谢,δ13C值均趋于增大。但是,一般情况下,盐处理诱导的光合途径的改变对植物组织整体的δ13C的影响很小。在密闭环境中或郁闭林地,植物和土壤呼吸释放的CO2再次参与光合作用,也会改变植物的δ13C值。为了更加全面地考察植物δ13C与盐度的关系,需要设置较大的盐度范围和进行长期的胁迫处理,才能够获得相对充分的数据,才有利于全面分析植物δ13C值与耐盐性的关系。There are two components of variation in carbon isotope composition(expressed as the ratio of stable carbon isotope relative to PDB,denoted δ13C)of plant tissues under salinity conditions:one is the effect of physiological processes;the other is the high salinity-induced switch from C3-photosynthesis to Crassulacean acid metabolism or C4-photosynthesis.The former is a main factor affecting plant δ13C values,whereas the later generally has no significant effect on whole tissue δ13C.The relationship between δ13C and salinity is relevant to intrinsic salt-tolerance,salinity level and the period when plants grow under saline conditions.Non-halophyte and halophytes have different response patterns in δ13C to salinity in terms of the mechanism of carbon isotope discrimination.For non-halophytes,δ13C values will increase with increasing salinity when the stomatal closure is the major factor in restricting photosynthesis.As non-stomatal limitation becomes the key factor with the stress intensified,however,the values of plant δ13C may decline.It should be noted that the correlationship between δ13C and salinity is not exhibited by mild stress treatment.For halophytes,the lowest δ13C occurs at a favourable salinity,and the values increase when the salinity is lower or higher than the optimum level.In dense woodlands,the CO2 derived from respiration recaptured by leaves using photosynthesis may alter their plant's δ13C due to the different δ13C from that of the air.So,further investigations are necessary covering a large range of salinity and duration of treatment,to explore the response of plant δ13C to salinity,and the salt-tolerance of species.国家自然科学基金资助项目(3047030130530150、40673064、30710103908);; 福建省高校创新团队培育计划资助项目~

Effect of Zn-Cd combined stress on the growth and osmotic adjustment substances in Kandelia candel (L.) Druce seedlings

本文采用土壤盆栽技术，研究不同浓度Cd（0、2.5、50mg·kg-1）、Zn（0、100、500mg·kg-1）胁迫，对红树植物秋茄（Kandeliacandel(L.)Druce）幼苗植株生长状况、生物量情况、水分代谢、叶绿素含量、渗透调节物质含量等的影响，研究结果表明：1同一Zn处理水平下，Cd的加入基本均导致秋茄幼苗根生物量减少，且随着培养时间的增加，Cd的抑制作用也有所加强；随着Cd处理浓度的增加，秋茄幼苗主根数目递减；Zn0和Zn100水平下，Cd对根系伸长存在刺激作用，随时间延长此作用减弱，Zn500水平下，Cd的施加一定程度抑制根系伸长，并随培养时间延长抑制作用愈发明显。同一C...In this paper, the soil-cultivated Kandelia candel (L.) Druce seedlings were treated with co-contamination of Cd (0,2.5,50 mg•kg -1 )and Zn (0,100,500 mg•kg -1 ). Hypocoyl growth, water content, chlorophyll content, soluble protein, soluble sugar, proline, organic acid and mineral contents were observed to inquire into the ecophysiological responses of mangrove Kandelia candel to Zn,C...学位：理学硕士院系专业：生命科学学院生物学系_生态学学号：2172006115227

Study on influencing factors of gross motor Development in infants aged 0 － 23 months in 20 provinces and cities in China

目的 了解0～23月龄婴幼儿大运动发育情况及其影响因素。方法 采用&ldquo;儿心量表-Ⅱ&rdquo;对全国20省市3 739名0～23月龄婴幼儿大运动发育商进行测查，同时采用问卷调查收集婴幼儿及其抚养人的相关信息。结果 出生体质量(&beta;=-0.666,P=0.002)、主要抚养人(&beta;=-0.395,P=0.000)、喂养方式(&beta;=-0.250,P=0.011)、添加辅食(&beta;=0.441,P=0.000)及家庭月均收入(&beta;=0.189,P=0.005)与儿童大运动发育商的差异有统计学意义(P</p

基于ANFIS的香梨始花期预测研究/Prediction of the Beginning Date of Fragrant Pear Flowering[J]

应用自适应模糊神经推理系统（Adaptiv network-based fuzzy inference system,ANFIS）对库尔勒地区香梨始花期进行了预测,3月平均气温、3月下旬平均气温、5 cm地温、10 cm地温、2月下旬日照、3月上旬日照、3月中旬日照、3月下旬日照8个指标为输入变量,香梨始花期单项指标作为输出,结果表明：预测的平均相对误差为2.51%,经t检验和回归分析表明预测值和实测值相差不大,相关系数为0.928 6,具有较好的一致性,模型具有较高的精度和稳定性,说明ANFIS模型可以很好地描述香梨始花期和气象因子的关系,为香梨始花期的进一步研究提供了参考

JUNO Sensitivity on Proton Decay p→νˉK+p\to \bar\nu K^+ Searches

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this paper, the potential on searching for proton decay in $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ mode with JUNO is investigated.The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits to suppress the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ is 36.9% with a background level of 0.2 events after 10 years of data taking. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years exposure is $9.6 \times 10^{33}$ years, competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel

JUNO sensitivity on proton decay p → ν K + searches*

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this study, the potential of searching for proton decay in the $p\to \bar{\nu} K^+$ mode with JUNO is investigated. The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits suppression of the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via $p\to \bar{\nu} K^+$ is 36.9% ± 4.9% with a background level of $0.2\pm 0.05({\rm syst})\pm$$0.2({\rm stat})$ events after 10 years of data collection. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years of exposure is $9.6 \times 10^{33}$ years, which is competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel and complements the use of different detection technologies