基于培养基压力控制的组织工程化生物膜动态培养系统的研究

目的研究压力大小可控的培养系统,以实现组织工程化生物膜的动态培养。方法根据帕斯卡定律的基本原理,设计培养基压力的控制方法,建立由培养皿、蠕动泵、压力控制模块、主控器与检测模块等组成的组织工程化生物膜动态培养系统。结果该系统可实现培养基于0.12～19.76 mmHg压力范围内的控制。结论该系统为适宜压力范围内的生物膜培养提供所需的压力环境,为组织工程化生物膜动态培养技术提供新思路

Remote control director for working dog

本发明涉及一种工作犬遥控指挥仪,它由微型计算机、无线数传设备、定位设备、耳机、无线图像发射机、无线图像接收机、计算机组成,其中微型计算机为核心器件,通过音频接口与耳机连接;通过串口分别与定位设备和无线数传设备接口;摄像头直接与无线图像发射机相连;无线图像接受机通过图像采集卡将图像信号送入计算机;计算机是能够以无线或有线方式连接Internet的计算机;无线图像传输设备由无线摄像头或摄像头加无线发射机,无线接收机组成。微型计算机应具有音频接口。电池为计算机和无线图像接收机以外的其它设备供电。采用本发明可实现工作犬的视觉反馈,定位跟踪,可用于在训导员和指挥员不可见范围内动态指挥工作犬独立完成警务作业

塔里木河下游主要荒漠植物繁殖体的形状、大小与质量比较

研究了塔里木河下游主要荒漠植物(21种)繁殖体的形状、大小、质量(17种为种子,4种为果实)。用三维方差衡量繁殖体形状,用三维之和衡量繁殖体大小,繁殖体百粒质量衡量繁殖体质量。结果表明:1)21种植物繁殖体的形状差异很大,且豆科(Fabaceae)植物的繁殖体形状接近圆球形,菊科(Compositae)植物的繁殖体形状较大地偏离圆球形(方差>0.05)。21种植物繁殖体大小、质量差异也很大;2)繁殖体大小的表现趋势与其相应的质量的表现趋势具有一定的一致性;3)研究区主要荒漠植物中,多年生草本植物的种类虽然不及灌木(半灌木)的种类丰富,但其繁殖体平均质量却比灌木(半灌木)多18%;4)在21种植物的繁殖体中,9种具有持久土壤种子库。100%的柽柳科(Tamaricaceae)植物、100%的菊科植物都具冠毛,这些附属物对植物繁殖体的传播和定居具有重要的意义

塔里木河下游21种荒漠植物繁殖体形态特征及对环境的适应

以塔里木河下游分属于9科16属的21种荒漠植物为对象,调查了它们的植冠种子库情况以及繁殖体的附属物、形状(三维方差)、大小(三维之和)及质量(百粒重)等形态特征,并探讨了各种繁殖体的生态适应对策.结果表明:(1)13种荒漠植物可利用植冠种子库来躲避环境干扰:7种繁殖体具绢毛,2种繁殖体具翅,1种繁殖体具芒,3种繁殖体具冠毛,可利用风力实现传播与定居,而且它们可利用有水时期的速萌特性来适应当地生态输水这一辅助措施;5种繁殖体形状远离球形(三维方差≥0.126),6种繁殖体形状接近圆球形(三维方差3.3mg)利用其互补式繁殖对策将研究区生物多样性维持于一定水平.(3)7～9月份为一年生草本、多年生草本、(半)灌木植物及乔木同时落种的时期,可将人工输水集中于这一时期以实现研究区种子最大数量地萌发

面向智慧知识服务的科技文献大数据体系建设

&nbsp; [目的/意义]探索构建文献情报大数据知识资源体系,支撑面向多领域的智慧知识服务。[方法/过程]基于AI应用需求,借鉴业界经验,梳理现有资源体系的问题,从多层次多维度扩展资源体系;构建可靠数据处理流程和计算平台,支持高效数据采集和处理;研发智能化数据治理工具,实现知识资源的有效治理,确保提供高质量数据资源。[结果/结论]已初步形成覆盖多类型、多学科的科技文献大数据知识资源体系,构建完成高度自动化的数据采集治理流程,实施多重数据质量控制,积累数亿高质量数据,且为多个知识服务提供数据支撑。&nbsp;</p

影像组学在急性缺血性卒中中的应用进展 Review of the Application of Radiomics in Acute Ischemic Stroke

作为一个快速发展的研究领域，影像组学可以提取和量化医学图像中的信息，获取反映病变的特征，帮助解决临床问题。基于CT和MRI的影像组学在急性缺血性卒中（acute ischemic stroke, AIS）的诊断中具有非常广阔的应用前景。影像组学的工作流程主要有图像采集、感兴趣区和感兴趣体积的分割、高通量影像组学特征提取以及统计学分析和预测模型建立。影像组学在AIS中的应用侧重于诊断卒中及其亚型、指导临床治疗决策以及预测AIS的预后等方面。目前，影像组学在AIS中的应用和研究尚存在序列相对单一、缺乏与其他人工智能技术的比较、研究样本量相对较小等局限性，但随着技术的成熟，其临床应用前景广阔。 Abstract: Radiomics, a rapidly expanding field of study, can extract and quantify information from medical images, derive features that reflect lesions, and aid in the resolution of clinical problems. Radiomics based on CT and MRI provides a wide range of potential applications in the diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). The workflow of radiomics mainly includes image acquisition, segmentation of regions of interest and volumes of interest, high throughput radiomics feature extraction, statistical analysis, and predictive model development. Radiomics in AIS is primarily used to diagnose stroke and its subtypes, guide therapeutic treatment decisions, and predict the prognosis of AIS. Currently, the use and research of radiomics in AIS are limited by relatively single sequence, lack of comparison with other artificial intelligence technologies, and relatively small sample size of the studies. However, as the technology matures, its clinical application prospects are extensive

A meta-analysis on the demand rate of Traditional Chinese Medicine nursing technology for older adults (老年人中医护理技术需求率的Meta分析)

Objective To systematically evaluate the demand rate of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) nursing technology for older adults in China. Methods The Web of Science, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, CNKI, CQ VIP, WanFang Data and SinoMed were retrieved for researches about the need of TCM nursing technology in older adults and (or) studies on factors influencing the rate of demand. These databases were systematically searched from inception up to March 1, 2023. Two researchers independently screened and used American Agency for Health care Research and Quality scale for quality evaluation. The meta-analysis was conducted using R4. 2. 3 software. Results A total of seven articles finally were included. The random effects models were used to combine the demand rate due to high heterogeneity. The results showed that the demand rate of TCM nursing technology for older adults was 86. 0% ［95% CI (69. 0%, 94. 0%)］. The analysis results of each subgroup showed that the demand rate of TCM nursing technology for older adults was higher among those who published after 2020, adopted random sampling method, had a sample size of less than 281 cases, lied in hospitals, located in the north of the survey area, and lived in cities. Conclusion Older adults have higher demand for TCM nursing technology. Although related studies explored factors influencing the demand rate, the heterogeneity among the studies is relatively large, resulting in controversial conclusions. Therefore, it is necessary to further explore the factors influencing the demand rate of TCM nursing technology for older adults. Future studies should focus on increasing health education and practical application of TCM nursing technology for older adults in a demand-oriented manner. In addition, the advantages of TCM nursing technology should be given full play in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases in older adults. (目的 系统评价我国老年人中医护理技术的需求率。方法 检索Web of Science(WOS)、Cochrane Library(CL)、PubMed、Embase、中国知网(CNKI)、维普中文科技期刊全文数据库(VIP)、万方数据知识服务平台(Wanfang Data)、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)中关于老年人中医护理技术需求和(或)影响因素的研究, 检索时间为建库至2023年3月1日, 两名研究者独立进行筛选, 采用美国卫生保健质量和研究机构(AHRQ)量表进行质量评价, 运用R 4. 2. 3软件进行Meta分析。结果 经过文献筛选, 最终纳入7篇文献。由于异质性较高, 采用随机效应模型合并。结果显示, 老年人中医护理技术需求率为86. 0%［95%CI(69. 0%, 94. 0%)］。各亚组分析结果显示, 发表年份在2020年以后、采用随机抽样方法、样本量不足281例、调查场所位于医院、调查地区位于北方以及居住在城市的老年人中医护理技术需求率较高。结论 目前老年人对中医护理技术的需求较高。虽有相关研究探究其影响因素, 但各研究之间异质性较大, 致使研究结论尚存争议。故未来需进一步探究老年人中医护理技术需求的影响因素, 以需求为导向加大对老年人中医护理技术的健康教育与实际应用, 充分发挥中医护理技术在老年慢性病防治中应用的优势作用。

Aripiprazole versus other atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia

BACKGROUND: In most western industrialised countries, second generation (atypical) antipsychotics are recommended as first line drug treatments for people with schizophrenia. In this review we specifically examine how the efficacy and tolerability of one such agent - aripiprazole - differs from that of other comparable second generation antipsychotics. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects of aripiprazole compared with other atypical antipsychotics for people with schizophrenia and schizophrenia-like psychoses. SEARCH METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Schizophrenia Group Trials Register (November 2011), inspected references of all identified studies for further trials, and contacted relevant pharmaceutical companies, drug approval agencies and authors of trials for additional information. SELECTION CRITERIA: We included all randomised clinical trials (RCTs) comparing aripiprazole (oral) with oral and parenteral forms of amisulpride, clozapine, olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone, sertindole, ziprasidone or zotepine for people with schizophrenia or schizophrenia-like psychoses. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We extracted data independently. For dichotomous data we calculated risk ratios (RR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) on an intention-to-treat basis based on a random-effects model. Where possible, we calculated illustrative comparative risks for primary outcomes. For continuous data, we calculated mean differences (MD), again based on a random-effects model. We assessed risk of bias for each included study. MAIN RESULTS: We included 12 trials involving 6389 patients. Aripiprazole was compared to olanzapine, risperidone and ziprasidone. All trials were sponsored by an interested drug manufacturer. The overall number of participants leaving studies early was 30% to 40%, limiting validity (no differences between groups).When compared with olanzapine no differences were apparent for global state (no clinically important change: n = 703, 1 RCT, RR short-term 1.00 95% CI 0.81 to 1.22; n = 317, 1 RCT, RR medium-term 1.08 95% CI 0.95 to 1.22) but mental state tended to favour olanzapine (n = 1360, 3 RCTs, MD total Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) 4.68 95% CI 2.21 to 7.16). There was no significant difference in extrapyramidal symptoms (n = 529, 2 RCTs, RR 0.99 95% CI 0.62 to 1.59) but fewer in the aripiprazole group had increased cholesterol levels (n = 223, 1 RCT, RR 0.32 95% CI 0.19 to 0.54) or weight gain of 7% or more of total body weight (n = 1095, 3 RCTs, RR 0.39 95% CI 0.28 to 0.54).When compared with risperidone, aripiprazole showed no advantage in terms of global state (n = 384, 2 RCTs, RR no important improvement 1.14 95% CI 0.81 to 1.60) or mental state (n = 372, 2 RCTs, MD total PANSS 1.50 95% CI -2.96 to 5.96).One study compared aripiprazole with ziprasidone (n = 247) and both the groups reported similar change in the global state (n = 247, 1 RCT, MD average change in Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S) score -0.03 95% CI -0.28 to 0.22) and mental state (n = 247, 1 RCT, MD change PANSS -3.00 95% CI -7.29 to 1.29).When compared with any one of several new generation antipsychotic drugs the aripiprazole group showed improvement in global state in energy (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.69 95% CI 0.56 to 0.84), mood (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.77 95% CI 0.65 to 0.92), negative symptoms (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.82 95% CI 0.68 to 0.99), somnolence (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.80 95% CI 0.69 to 0.93) and weight gain (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.84 95% CI 0.76 to 0.94). Significantly more people given aripiprazole reported symptoms of nausea (n = 2881, 3 RCTs, RR 3.13 95% CI 2.12 to 4.61) but weight gain (7% or more of total body weight) was less common in people allocated aripiprazole (n = 330, 1 RCT, RR 0.35 95% CI 0.19 to 0.64). Aripiprazole may have value in aggression but data are limited. This will be the focus of another review. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Information on all comparisons are of limited quality, are incomplete and problematic to apply clinically. Aripiprazole is an antipsychotic drug with a variant but not absent adverse effect profile. Long-term data are sparse and there is considerable scope for another update of this review as new data emerges from the many Chinese studies as well as from ongoing larger, independent pragmatic trials