Imposex of Thais clavigera and Cantharus cecillei in the coastal waters of Xiamen

海产腹足类性畸变以其对有机锡的敏感性、特异性和不可逆性而成为海洋有机锡污染的理想指示种。调查研究了厦门海域岩相海岸带疣荔枝螺(THAIS ClAVIgErA)和甲虫螺(CAnTHAruS CECIllEI)的性畸变情况,通过生物学指标IOI(性畸变率)、rPSI(相对阴茎发展指数)、VdSI(输精管发展指数)及SrI(性比指数)综合评价其性畸变发展程度,间接指示厦门周边海域的有机锡污染程度。研究结果发现,在采集疣荔枝螺的17个站点中有5个站点种群性畸变率为100%,其中宝珠屿种群性畸变程度最为严重,VdSI达4,采集甲虫螺的4个站点的种群性畸变率均为100%。性畸变程度较严重的种群普遍集中于厦门西港,并且表现出由港内到港外逐渐减轻的趋势,而白城、会展中心和大嶝岛等位于开阔的厦门东海域的种群性畸变程度最轻,与往年厦门西海域有机锡污染监测数据相比一致,体现出性畸变程度与有机锡污染程度及海港码头远近之间的相互关系。The degree of imposex,i.e.the imposition of male characteristics onto females,in neogastropods can be used as a sensitive and accurate biomarker to evaluate organotin contamination in coastal marine environment.Now,the imposex status in females of Thais clavigera and Cantharus cecillei in 17 sites was investigated to evaluate the organotin contamination along Xiamen Bay during 2006 and 2007.The four indices including incidence of imposex(IOI),relative penis size index(RPSI),vas deferens sequences index(VDSI) and sex ratio index(SRI) were used comprehensively to assess the imposex status in order to ascertain the extent of organotin bioavailability in Xiamen Bay.Based on this research,T.clavigera in 5 sites and C.cecillei in all survey sites exhibited the IOI of 100%.At Bao ZhuYu Islet,the imposex level was the most serious with maximum VDSI value of 4.In general,the imposex level decreased from the inner to the outer of Xiamen Western Harbour,and the populations in the open Xiamen Eastern Waters including Bai Cheng,Convention and Exhibiton Center and Dadeng Island showed a lower imposex level.These results were accordant with the concentrations of organotins in 2005.The imposex degree also increased with increasing organotin contamination and decreasing distance from shipping facilities.国家自然科学基金资助项目(40476048);厦门大学近海海洋环境科学国家重点实验室开放基金资助项目;厦门大学新世纪优秀人才计划基金资助项

致密超细球形氧化铝制备性能良好的陶瓷超滤膜

热等离子体制备的超细球形氧化铝具有表面致密光滑、分散性好等特点,本工作以超细球形氧化铝为原料,通过浸渍提拉烧结法,制备了孔径分布窄、渗透通量高的陶瓷超滤膜,研究了烧结温度对陶瓷膜微孔结构的演化、孔径分布和渗透通量的影响。随后对1250℃下烧结的陶瓷膜进行了纳米硅水分散液过滤处理,采用不同堵塞模型分析了陶瓷膜过滤纳米硅水分散液的膜污染过程。结果表明,通过调节烧结温度调控陶瓷膜的微孔结构,当烧结温度为1250℃时,陶瓷膜的孔径分布较窄,孔径大小为25~65 nm,渗透通量为986.4 L/(m~2·h)。超细球形氧化铝粒径分布较窄及表面致密光滑有助于1250℃下烧结形成均匀的烧结颈,提供了陶瓷膜较窄的孔径分布。对1250℃下烧结的陶瓷膜进行了纳米硅水分散液过滤处理后其浊度下降为0.231 NTU,浊度去除率达99.96%。采用不同堵塞模型分析了陶瓷膜过滤纳米硅水分散液的膜污染过程,结果表明,纳米硅水分散液的堵塞模型是滤饼过滤,属于可逆污染

致密超细球形氧化铝制备性能良好的陶瓷超滤膜

热等离子体制备的超细球形氧化铝具有表面致密光滑、分散性好等特点,本工作以超细球形氧化铝为原料,通过浸渍提拉烧结法,制备了孔径分布窄、渗透通量高的陶瓷超滤膜,研究了烧结温度对陶瓷膜微孔结构的演化、孔径分布和渗透通量的影响。随后对1250℃下烧结的陶瓷膜进行了纳米硅水分散液过滤处理,采用不同堵塞模型分析了陶瓷膜过滤纳米硅水分散液的膜污染过程。结果表明,通过调节烧结温度调控陶瓷膜的微孔结构,当烧结温度为1250℃时,陶瓷膜的孔径分布较窄,孔径大小为25~65 nm,渗透通量为986.4 L/(m~2·h)。超细球形氧化铝粒径分布较窄及表面致密光滑有助于1250℃下烧结形成均匀的烧结颈,提供了陶瓷膜较窄的孔径分布。对1250℃下烧结的陶瓷膜进行了纳米硅水分散液过滤处理后其浊度下降为0.231 NTU,浊度去除率达99.96%。采用不同堵塞模型分析了陶瓷膜过滤纳米硅水分散液的膜污染过程,结果表明,纳米硅水分散液的堵塞模型是滤饼过滤,属于可逆污染

Imposex ofTha is clavigera and Can tharus cecillei in the coa sta lwa ters ofX iam en

[摘要]：海产腹足类性畸变以其对有机锡的敏感性、特异性和不可逆性而成为海洋有机锡污染的理想指示种。调查研究了厦门海 域岩相海岸带疣荔枝螺(Tha is clavigera ) 和甲虫螺(Cantha rus cecillei) 的性畸变情况, 通过生物学指标IO I( 性畸变率)、RPSI( 相 对阴茎发展指数)、VDSI(输精管发展指数)及SRI(性比指数) 综合评价其性畸变发展程度, 间接指示厦门周边海域的有机锡污 染程度。研究结果发现, 在采集疣荔枝螺的17个站点中有5个站点种群性畸变率为100%, 其中宝珠屿种群性畸变程度最为严 重, VDSI达4, 采集甲虫螺的4个站点的种群性畸变率均为100%。性畸变程度较严重的种群普遍集中于厦门西港, 并且表现 出由港内到港外逐渐减轻的趋势, 而白城、会展中心和大嶝岛等位于开阔的厦门东海域的种群性畸变程度最轻, 与往年厦门西 海域有机锡污染监测数据相比一致, 体现出性畸变程度与有机锡污染程度及海港码头远近之间的相互关系。[Abstract]:The degree of mi posex, .i e. the mi position ofmale characterist ics onto females, in neogastropods can be used as a sensit ive and accurate biomarker to evaluate organotin contam inat ion in coastalmarine environment. Now, the mi posex status in females ofTha is clavigera andCantharus cecillei in 17 s ites was investigated to evaluate the organotin contam ination along Xiamen Bay during 2006 and 2007. The four indices including inc idence of mi posex( IO I), relative pen is size index (RPSI), vas deferens sequences index(VDSI) and sex ratio index( SRI) were used comprehens ively to assess the mi posex status in order to ascertain the extent of organotin bioavailab ility in Xiamen Bay. Based on this research, T. clavigera in 5 s ites and C. cecillei in all survey sites exhib ited the IOI of 100%. A t Bao ZhuYu Islet, the mi posex level was the most serious with maxmi um VDSI value of 4. In genera,l the mi posex level decreased from the inner to the outer ofX iamen Western H arbour, and the populations in the open X iamen EasternWaters including Ba iCheng, Convention and Exhib iton Center and Dadeng Is land showed a lower mi posex leve.l These results were accordantwith the concentrations of organotins in 2005. The mi posex degree also increased with increas ing organot in contam inat ion and decreasing distance from shipping facilities.国家自然科学基金资助项目( 40476048); 厦门大学近海海洋环境科学国家重点实验室开放基金资助项目; 厦门大学新世纪优秀人才 计划基金资助项

JUNO Sensitivity on Proton Decay p→νˉK+p\to \bar\nu K^+ Searches

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this paper, the potential on searching for proton decay in $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ mode with JUNO is investigated.The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits to suppress the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ is 36.9% with a background level of 0.2 events after 10 years of data taking. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years exposure is $9.6 \times 10^{33}$ years, competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel

JUNO sensitivity on proton decay p → ν K + searches*

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this study, the potential of searching for proton decay in the $p\to \bar{\nu} K^+$ mode with JUNO is investigated. The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits suppression of the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via $p\to \bar{\nu} K^+$ is 36.9% ± 4.9% with a background level of $0.2\pm 0.05({\rm syst})\pm$$0.2({\rm stat})$ events after 10 years of data collection. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years of exposure is $9.6 \times 10^{33}$ years, which is competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel and complements the use of different detection technologies