烟台近海大型底栖动物群落特征

根据2010年和2011年对烟台近海大型底栖动物的周年调查资料,采用优势度指数、物种多样性指数及Cluster聚类和MDS排序方法,进行群落特征和群落演替情况的。研究。结果表明,该海域共采集大型底栖动物176种,其中优势类群为多毛类。群落中的优势种主要包括短叶索沙蚕和不倒翁虫。烟台近海年平均生物量和丰度分别为16.72g/m~2和1022ind/m~2,且存在季节性差异。丰富度指数(D)、均匀度指数(J)和多样性指数(H')的年平均值分别为2.30、0.70和1.91。烟台近海大型底栖动物群落与底质和水深关系密切。群落特征发生了一定程度的变化,软体动物比例减少,多毛类比例增加。人类活动包括污水排放、养殖和捕捞、港口建设和船舶航运等干扰是导致上述变化的主要原因

甘孜地热发电热力计算及优化

A geothermal well in Ganzi was chosen for the study. To provide a reference for the design and construc?tion of a geothermal plant, power generation techniques were selected and the thermodynamic process was calculat?ed based on cold and heat source dat

Thermodynamics and kinetics of D-glyceric acid adsorption on ion exchange resin

D-甘油酸是一种重要的甘油衍生物,具有解酒护肝的功能。关于D-甘油酸生产方法的研究已有不少,但对其分离方法及分离机理的研究却鲜见报道。通过静态吸附实验,研究了D-甘油酸在201×7阴离子交换树脂上的等温热力学和动力学特性。结果表明,D-甘油酸在201×7阴离子交换树脂上的最大平衡吸附容量随p H的增加而降低,其吸附等温线符合Freundlich模型。在293~308 K下,吸附焓变为14.77 k J·mol-1,表明该吸附过程为吸热过程。升高温度有利于提高吸附速率,但对最大平衡吸附容量影响不大。同时,采用动边界模型描述D-甘油酸在该树脂上的交换行为,分别考察了料液浓度、树脂粒径和温度对交换过程的影响。交换过程的吸附速率随D-甘油酸浓度和温度的增加而增大,但随树脂粒径的增大而减小。研究表明该离子交换过程的速率控制步骤为颗粒扩散过程,交换过程的反应速率常数k0为1.22×10-3,反应级数a为0.631,表观活化能Ea为14.90 k J·mol-1,并得到了动力学总方程。D-glyceric acid, one of the promising glycerol derivatives, has various biological functions such as accelerating ethanol and acetaldehyde oxidation. Plenty studies on the synthesis but few studies on downstream processes to recover D-glyceric acid were available. A static equilibrium adsorption was performed to study isothermal thermodynamics and kinetics of D-glyceric acid adsorption onto 201×7 strong basic anion exchange resin. The results showed that the adsorption process followed the Freundlich isothermal model at different p H and temperature conditions, which the maximum adsorption capacity decreased with increasing initial p H. The change of adsorption enthalpy was 14.77 k J·mol-1 at 293—308 K, suggesting an endo-thermic adsorption process. Raising temperature improved adsorption rate with limited influence on equilibrium adsorption capacity. The Dynamic Boundary Model was used to investigate adsorption kinetics with a focus on effects of D-glyceric acid concentration, resin particle diameter and adsorption temperature. The results suggested the particle diffusion was rate-limiting step of the adsorption process. The adsorption rate increased with the increase of D-glyceric acid concentration and temperature, but decreased with the increase of resin particle diameter. The general kinetics equation was obtained with the rate constant of exchange(k0), reaction order(a) and the apparent activation energy of reaction(Ea) as following k0=1.22×10-3, a=0.631, Ea=14.90 k J·mol-1.福建省高校产学合作项目(2015N5006);; 福建省教育厅中青年教师教育科研项目(JA15393);; 泉州师范学院青年博士预研基金项目(2015QBKJ04)~

Applications of Chlorella in food industry

现代食品工业正朝着绿色健康、便利的方向发展,具有保健功能的天然产物将是今后新型食品的一个重要发展方向。小球藻因高蛋白、富含类胡萝卜素、维生素等特; 点,具有多种保健功能,可作为功能性食品或保健品应用于食品行业中。本文综述了近年来小球藻在保健食品、功能性食品中的研究和应用进展,着重介绍了小球藻; 在保健食品及主食、副食、饮料等功能性食品中的具体应用和国内外研究进展,以期为今后小球藻在食品行业中的应用提供参考。Modern food industry aimed at green,healthy and more convenient foods.; The use of natural ingredients with functional activity was an; attractive way to design new foods.Due to its high in protein content; and richness in carotenoids and vitamins,Chlorella had many healthcare; functions and could be used in food industry as a functional food and; nutrition enhancing agent.Research progress in the applications of; Chlorella in health food and functional foods in recent years,especially; in staple food,baked food,and beverage,was reviewed in this paper in; order to provide valuable information for the further application of; Chlorella in food industry.国家自然科学基金; 福建省高校产学合作项目; 福建省教育厅中青年教师教育科研项目; 泉州市科技局校地协同创新项

Optimization for astaxanthin extraction from Haematococcus pluvialis with ethanol using response surface methodology

采用安全无毒的乙醇为溶剂,研究了超声时间、料液比、搅拌速度等因素对虾青素提取效率的影响。在此基础上,采用响应面设计对以上3个因素的交互关系进行探究。结果表明,3个因素对虾青素提取率的影响顺序为：超声时间〉料液比〉搅拌速度;最佳提取条件为：超声时间20min、料液比1：150、搅拌速度1000 r/min,在此条件下虾青素提取率可达48.42%。Ethanol, an environmentally friendly solvent, was used to extract astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis. The effect of several conditions, including ultrasound time, the ratio of solid to liquid （S/L） and stirring rate, on astaxanthin extraction rate was investigated. Response surface methodology was applied to study the interaction in these factors. The effects of three factors on the extraction of astaxanthin were in order of ultrasound time, S/L, and stirring rate. The optimal astaxanthin extraction rate was 48.42% with 20 min of ultrasound time, 1：150 of S/L, and 1000 r/min of stirring rate.国家自然科学基金项目（41606177）; 福建省高校产学合作项目（2015N5006）; 福建省教育厅中青年教师教育科研项目（JA15406）; 泉州市科技局校地协同创新项目（2016N056

Long-Term Trends of Macrobenthos in Southern Bohai Sea, China, in Relation toEnvironmental Changes

根据50多年来渤海南部海域大型底栖动物群落的历史资料,以及2011~2013年的现场调查数据,从渤海南部包括黄河口邻近海域及莱州湾大型底栖动物群落结构变化特征出发,分析了其长期演变的过程和规律,旨在阐明底栖动物群落的演变趋势,识别其重要的演变时段.并结合50年来渤海南部海域相关底栖环境因子的变化特征,探讨底栖动物群落的演变原因.过去50余年来,渤海南部海域大型底栖动物群落在物种数、生物量、丰度以及群落结构组成等方面都发生了较大的变动,具体表现为寿命长、体积大、具有高竞争力的K对策种的优势地位正逐渐丧失,而被寿命短、适应能力宽、具有高繁殖能力的R对策种所取代.按照50余年来渤海南部海域大型底栖动..

1,3-取代吲唑类低氧诱导因子l抑制剂的设计合成及其抗肝癌活性

低氧诱导因子l（HIF-1）与肿瘤细胞的生长、侵袭和耐药密切相关,在肿瘤细胞内HIF-1高度表达,因此新型的HIF-1抑制剂可作为潜在的抗肿瘤药物。本文合成了9个1,3-取代吲唑衍生物。通过蛋白质印迹（Western Blot）法及实时定量荧光PCR（Real time-PCR）等方法检测了其对HIF-1及其靶基因血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）表达水平的影响,并以3-（5’-羟甲基-2’-呋喃基）-1-苯甲基吲唑（YC-1）为阳性对照药物初步评价了其体外抗肝癌细胞增殖的生物活性。实验发现化合物7b可显著抑制HIF-1及其下游靶基因VEGF的表达,且体外抗肝癌增殖生物活性优于YC-1,半抑制浓度(IC50)值为10.37μmol/L。研究结果表明,3-（5’-羟甲基-2’-呋喃）-1-（1″-对甲苯磺酰基）吲唑具有靶向抑制HIF及良好的抗肝癌活性作用。福建省科技厅项目(2015Y0081,2015J01350);;厦门大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目(2016X0644,20720152005)~

An Improved PSO Method Based on Adaptive Cognitive Domain

为提高粒子群算法的收敛性能,提出一种自适应粒子认知域方法.在粒子位置的更新方法中,粒子运动到当前的最好位置由计算得到的最好位置为中心,粒子的认知方向为导向来确定.利用线性惯性下降权重来实现粒子的优化.为验证该方法的有效性,将此方法应用于3种不同的粒子群方法,分别是固定权重粒子群方法、线性下降权重粒子群方法及阶梯形群体粒子群算法.实验结果表明此方法是较有效的.To improve the convergent performance of particle swarm optimization(PSO),an adaptive cognitive domain particle swarm optimization(ACDPSO)method is proposed.In the updating equations of particles,the current best position,which the particle achieves,is determined by the center of the best calculated position and the cognizant direction of the particle.Linear decreasing inertia weight is used to optimize particles.Three different PSOs,particle swarm with constant weight(CWPSO),linear decreasing inertia weight PSO(LDWPSO)and Ladder PSO(LPSO),are combined with the proposed method to test the performance of the proposed method,and the results indicate that the proposed method is effective.教育部科学技术研究重点项目(No.209057);安徽省自然科学基金项目(No.090412070);高等学校省级优秀青年人才基金项目(No.2009SQRZ088ZD);高等学校省级自然科学研究项目(No.KJ2009B062)资

Species composition in genus Scylla from the coast of southeast China

【中文摘要】 为调查青蟹属在中国大陆东南沿海的种类组成及明确优势种的种类,采集了13个地区共413只青蟹。通过形态比较,确认有4个种,它们是:锯缘青蟹(Scylla serrata),紫螯青蟹(Scylla tranquebarica),拟穴青蟹(Scylla paramamosain),榄绿青蟹(Scylla olivacea)。这4个种类可以从头胸甲额缘4齿的长度(FMSH/DFMS)、形状,螯足腕节内刺的有无、螯足及步足斑纹来区分。其中拟穴青蟹在中国大陆东南沿海分布最广,数量最多,其他3个种仅在海南和北部湾被发现。在拟穴青蟹中有9.7%的成熟个体和33.3%未成熟个体具有螯足内刺,因此不能仅凭借这个特征来鉴别拟穴青蟹。本文对青蟹属4个种的特征进行了描述并编制分种检索表。 【英文摘要】 There has been argument on dominant species and the species composition in the coast of southeast China in genus Scylla.413 individuals were collected from 13 sites and took 24 measurements with vernier calipers to the nearest 0.1 mm.By morphological comparison,there are 4 species being classified,namely Scylla serrata,Scylla tranquebarica,Scylla paramamosain,Scylla olivacea.The four species can be distinguished from the length and shape of the four frontal spines,with or without inner carpus spine and the ...福建省重中之重项目“福建省海洋生物优良种质和生物活性物质的应用基础研究”; 国家自然科学基金项目(40376044

Z-十八碳-9-烯-丙磺酰胺对糖尿病认知功能障碍小鼠学习记忆功能的影响

探索新化合物Z-十八碳-9-烯-丙磺酰胺（N15）对糖尿病认知功能障碍（DACD）小鼠学习记忆功能的作用及机制。采用链脲佐菌素（STZ）连续小剂量腹腔注射以及高脂高糖加STZ诱导2型糖尿病小鼠模型,N15(50和100mg·kg-1·d-1)连续灌胃给药6周,于给药末期进行跳台、避暗以及Morris水迷宫测试以评价小鼠学习记忆功能;对海马内葡萄糖和乳酸水平进行测定;通过realtimePCR测定海马内突触成长相关蛋白-43（GAP-43）、突触素（SYN）、脑源性生长因子（BDNF）和神经营养因子-3（NT-3）m RNA的表达。结果表明,N15可显著改善模型小鼠学习记忆能力,降低海马内葡萄糖和乳酸含量,显著上调海马内GAP-43、SYN、BDNF和NT-3 m RNA表达水平。上述结果表明,新型化合物N15具有改善糖尿病认知功能障碍的作用,其机制可能与增加海马内突触生长相关因子和神经营养因子表达相关。福建省教育厅资助项目(JAT160583