Photoprotection Mechanisms and Crosstalk between the Biosynthesis of Fatty Acids and Astaxanthin in Haematococcus Pluvialis

虾青素是一种重要的类胡萝卜素，具有良好的着色功能、超强的抗氧化功能及抗肿瘤作用，在水产养殖、食品添加剂、医药保健品等方面有着广泛的应用前景。单细胞雨生红球藻(Haematococcuspluvialis)在胁迫条件下能够积累大量的虾青素(约为细胞干重的4%)和中性脂肪酸(约为细胞干重的25%)。因此，雨生红球藻被认为是天然虾青素最好的来源。 雨生红球藻除了是虾青素等次级类胡萝卜素的最好天然来源外还是一种很有前景的生物柴油来源。生长迅速的雨生红球藻运动细胞常被用作在各种胁迫条件下生产虾青素和TAG的工作细胞。然而，由于运动细胞对胁迫环境比较敏感，诱导初期细胞死亡率高，使细胞生物量和目标产物产量...Astaxanthin, an important carotenoid, has been increasingly used in aquaculture industry, food additives, medicine and health products because of its color feature, excellent antioxidant activity, anti-tumor function. The green microalga Haematococcus pluvialiscan synthesize significant amounts of astaxanthin (~ 4% of dry cell weight, DCW) and storage neutral lipids (~25% of DCW) under adverse env...学位：工学博士院系专业：化学化工学院_工业催化学号：2062010015362

Thermodynamics and kinetics of D-glyceric acid adsorption on ion exchange resin

D-甘油酸是一种重要的甘油衍生物,具有解酒护肝的功能。关于D-甘油酸生产方法的研究已有不少,但对其分离方法及分离机理的研究却鲜见报道。通过静态吸附实验,研究了D-甘油酸在201×7阴离子交换树脂上的等温热力学和动力学特性。结果表明,D-甘油酸在201×7阴离子交换树脂上的最大平衡吸附容量随p H的增加而降低,其吸附等温线符合Freundlich模型。在293~308 K下,吸附焓变为14.77 k J·mol-1,表明该吸附过程为吸热过程。升高温度有利于提高吸附速率,但对最大平衡吸附容量影响不大。同时,采用动边界模型描述D-甘油酸在该树脂上的交换行为,分别考察了料液浓度、树脂粒径和温度对交换过程的影响。交换过程的吸附速率随D-甘油酸浓度和温度的增加而增大,但随树脂粒径的增大而减小。研究表明该离子交换过程的速率控制步骤为颗粒扩散过程,交换过程的反应速率常数k0为1.22×10-3,反应级数a为0.631,表观活化能Ea为14.90 k J·mol-1,并得到了动力学总方程。D-glyceric acid, one of the promising glycerol derivatives, has various biological functions such as accelerating ethanol and acetaldehyde oxidation. Plenty studies on the synthesis but few studies on downstream processes to recover D-glyceric acid were available. A static equilibrium adsorption was performed to study isothermal thermodynamics and kinetics of D-glyceric acid adsorption onto 201×7 strong basic anion exchange resin. The results showed that the adsorption process followed the Freundlich isothermal model at different p H and temperature conditions, which the maximum adsorption capacity decreased with increasing initial p H. The change of adsorption enthalpy was 14.77 k J·mol-1 at 293—308 K, suggesting an endo-thermic adsorption process. Raising temperature improved adsorption rate with limited influence on equilibrium adsorption capacity. The Dynamic Boundary Model was used to investigate adsorption kinetics with a focus on effects of D-glyceric acid concentration, resin particle diameter and adsorption temperature. The results suggested the particle diffusion was rate-limiting step of the adsorption process. The adsorption rate increased with the increase of D-glyceric acid concentration and temperature, but decreased with the increase of resin particle diameter. The general kinetics equation was obtained with the rate constant of exchange(k0), reaction order(a) and the apparent activation energy of reaction(Ea) as following k0=1.22×10-3, a=0.631, Ea=14.90 k J·mol-1.福建省高校产学合作项目(2015N5006);; 福建省教育厅中青年教师教育科研项目(JA15393);; 泉州师范学院青年博士预研基金项目(2015QBKJ04)~

Applications of Chlorella in food industry

现代食品工业正朝着绿色健康、便利的方向发展,具有保健功能的天然产物将是今后新型食品的一个重要发展方向。小球藻因高蛋白、富含类胡萝卜素、维生素等特; 点,具有多种保健功能,可作为功能性食品或保健品应用于食品行业中。本文综述了近年来小球藻在保健食品、功能性食品中的研究和应用进展,着重介绍了小球藻; 在保健食品及主食、副食、饮料等功能性食品中的具体应用和国内外研究进展,以期为今后小球藻在食品行业中的应用提供参考。Modern food industry aimed at green,healthy and more convenient foods.; The use of natural ingredients with functional activity was an; attractive way to design new foods.Due to its high in protein content; and richness in carotenoids and vitamins,Chlorella had many healthcare; functions and could be used in food industry as a functional food and; nutrition enhancing agent.Research progress in the applications of; Chlorella in health food and functional foods in recent years,especially; in staple food,baked food,and beverage,was reviewed in this paper in; order to provide valuable information for the further application of; Chlorella in food industry.国家自然科学基金; 福建省高校产学合作项目; 福建省教育厅中青年教师教育科研项目; 泉州市科技局校地协同创新项

Optimization for astaxanthin extraction from Haematococcus pluvialis with ethanol using response surface methodology

采用安全无毒的乙醇为溶剂,研究了超声时间、料液比、搅拌速度等因素对虾青素提取效率的影响。在此基础上,采用响应面设计对以上3个因素的交互关系进行探究。结果表明,3个因素对虾青素提取率的影响顺序为：超声时间〉料液比〉搅拌速度;最佳提取条件为：超声时间20min、料液比1：150、搅拌速度1000 r/min,在此条件下虾青素提取率可达48.42%。Ethanol, an environmentally friendly solvent, was used to extract astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis. The effect of several conditions, including ultrasound time, the ratio of solid to liquid （S/L） and stirring rate, on astaxanthin extraction rate was investigated. Response surface methodology was applied to study the interaction in these factors. The effects of three factors on the extraction of astaxanthin were in order of ultrasound time, S/L, and stirring rate. The optimal astaxanthin extraction rate was 48.42% with 20 min of ultrasound time, 1：150 of S/L, and 1000 r/min of stirring rate.国家自然科学基金项目（41606177）; 福建省高校产学合作项目（2015N5006）; 福建省教育厅中青年教师教育科研项目（JA15406）; 泉州市科技局校地协同创新项目（2016N056

Effect of Vitamins on Astaxanthin Production of Phaffia rhodozyma

通信作者：[email protected][中文文摘]采用单因素实验方法研究了不同维生素对红法夫酵母(Phaffia rhodozyma)生长及虾青素积累的影响.结果表明:生物素、泛酸钙、肌醇、VB1可显著提高红法夫酵母的生物量、类胡萝卜素和虾青素的产量,其较适质量浓度分别为0.05,25.00,0.50,0.05 mg/L.VB12和核黄素对红法夫酵母的细胞生长有明显的促进作用,同时可略微提高虾青素产量,其较适质量浓度分别为0.50和0.005 mg/L;VB6、烟酸和叶酸虽然可促进细胞生长,但却明显抑制了虾青素的积累;而硫辛酸既抑制细胞生长也抑制其虾青素的积累.根据单因素实验结果,在培养基中按以上较适浓度添加生物素、泛酸钙、肌醇、VB1、VB12和核黄素,菌体生物量和虾青素质量浓度分别达到5.000 g/L和16.77 mg/L,较对照组分别提高了33.2%和108%.[英文文摘]One-factor-at-a-time experiment was adopted to study the effects of several vitamins on the growth of Phaffia rhodozyma and its astaxanthin accumulation.The result showed that biomass,carotenoids concentration,and astaxanthin concentration were increased when biotin,calcium pantothenate,inositol and VB1 were added into the medium.The optimum concentrations of them were 0.05,25.00,0.50,0.05 mg/L,respectively.It also showed that VB12 and riboflavin added into the medium raised biomass obviously,and slightly increased carotenoids concentration and astaxanthin concentration．Though VB6，nicotinic acid and folic acid added into the medium enhanced biomass shghtly，they inhibited carotenoids concentration and astaxanthin concentration significantly．Thioetic acid added into the medium reduced both biomass and astaxantbin concentration．After one-factor-at-·a-time experiment.biotin，calcium pantothenate，inoskol，VBl，VB ,2 and riboflavin were added into the medium together tO culture P． rhodozyma sp．UV3-721．It indicated that the biomass was increased tO 5．000 g／L，33．2% higher than control and the astaxanthin concentration was raised tO 16．77mg／L，108% higher than control.国家自然科学基金资助项目(31o71488