267 research outputs found
Problems and Countermeasures of Contemporary City Development in China Based on the Study of Small Terrene Wall
从“圩”的字面释义入手,展开漫谈联想,发现当代城市建设中存在形象空间、约束空间、极化空间、单能空间与纯物质性空间泛滥的问题。解决这些问题,有待于侧重传统空间组合规律与空间层次模仿、城市山水格局保护与利用、朴素诗境氛围营造的象形空间方法兴起;有赖于自发空间形成机制与再造途径的研究、自发空间现代审美化与现代化自发空间形成的政策鼓励、注重空间私权和私有化公共空间的理念引领;依靠各种等级系统下城市功能与其承载空间的内部交织,也需要社会结构的合理扁平化与网络化;要求改变将行为固化到一处空间而无法让一处空间衔生无数行为的做法和关注隐性、非确定性而不仅是显性、确定性行为的方法;亟待满足多样化空间诉求的体验性空间、以人类“心中乐地”为目的的城市自我实现空间的出现以及虚拟空间现实化路径的探寻等。From the literal interpretation of"Wei", we start the discussion of association, and find that there: existed problems of image space, constrained space, polarized space, single energy space and pure material space in contemporary urban construction. There are ways to improve the position: the pictographic methods such as the imitation of traditional spatial combination regularities and levels, the protection and exploitation of landscape pattern, and the warm and poetry-realm planning are proposed. The study of the formation mechanism and reconstruction measures on spontaneous space, the encouraging policy of modern aesthetic spontaneous space, and the principle of privately owned public space are also put forward.国家自然科学基金项目(61608227);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2015EL042)
Thermodynamics and kinetics of D-glyceric acid adsorption on ion exchange resin
D-甘油酸是一种重要的甘油衍生物,具有解酒护肝的功能。关于D-甘油酸生产方法的研究已有不少,但对其分离方法及分离机理的研究却鲜见报道。通过静态吸附实验,研究了D-甘油酸在201×7阴离子交换树脂上的等温热力学和动力学特性。结果表明,D-甘油酸在201×7阴离子交换树脂上的最大平衡吸附容量随p H的增加而降低,其吸附等温线符合Freundlich模型。在293~308 K下,吸附焓变为14.77 k J·mol-1,表明该吸附过程为吸热过程。升高温度有利于提高吸附速率,但对最大平衡吸附容量影响不大。同时,采用动边界模型描述D-甘油酸在该树脂上的交换行为,分别考察了料液浓度、树脂粒径和温度对交换过程的影响。交换过程的吸附速率随D-甘油酸浓度和温度的增加而增大,但随树脂粒径的增大而减小。研究表明该离子交换过程的速率控制步骤为颗粒扩散过程,交换过程的反应速率常数k0为1.22×10-3,反应级数a为0.631,表观活化能Ea为14.90 k J·mol-1,并得到了动力学总方程。D-glyceric acid, one of the promising glycerol derivatives, has various biological functions such as accelerating ethanol and acetaldehyde oxidation. Plenty studies on the synthesis but few studies on downstream processes to recover D-glyceric acid were available. A static equilibrium adsorption was performed to study isothermal thermodynamics and kinetics of D-glyceric acid adsorption onto 201×7 strong basic anion exchange resin. The results showed that the adsorption process followed the Freundlich isothermal model at different p H and temperature conditions, which the maximum adsorption capacity decreased with increasing initial p H. The change of adsorption enthalpy was 14.77 k J·mol-1 at 293—308 K, suggesting an endo-thermic adsorption process. Raising temperature improved adsorption rate with limited influence on equilibrium adsorption capacity. The Dynamic Boundary Model was used to investigate adsorption kinetics with a focus on effects of D-glyceric acid concentration, resin particle diameter and adsorption temperature. The results suggested the particle diffusion was rate-limiting step of the adsorption process. The adsorption rate increased with the increase of D-glyceric acid concentration and temperature, but decreased with the increase of resin particle diameter. The general kinetics equation was obtained with the rate constant of exchange(k0), reaction order(a) and the apparent activation energy of reaction(Ea) as following k0=1.22×10-3, a=0.631, Ea=14.90 k J·mol-1.福建省高校产学合作项目(2015N5006);; 福建省教育厅中青年教师教育科研项目(JA15393);; 泉州师范学院青年博士预研基金项目(2015QBKJ04)~
Optimization for astaxanthin extraction from Haematococcus pluvialis with ethanol using response surface methodology
采用安全无毒的乙醇为溶剂,研究了超声时间、料液比、搅拌速度等因素对虾青素提取效率的影响。在此基础上,采用响应面设计对以上3个因素的交互关系进行探究。结果表明,3个因素对虾青素提取率的影响顺序为:超声时间〉料液比〉搅拌速度;最佳提取条件为:超声时间20min、料液比1:150、搅拌速度1000 r/min,在此条件下虾青素提取率可达48.42%。Ethanol, an environmentally friendly solvent, was used to extract astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis. The effect of several conditions, including ultrasound time, the ratio of solid to liquid (S/L) and stirring rate, on astaxanthin extraction rate was investigated. Response surface methodology was applied to study the interaction in these factors. The effects of three factors on the extraction of astaxanthin were in order of ultrasound time, S/L, and stirring rate. The optimal astaxanthin extraction rate was 48.42% with 20 min of ultrasound time, 1:150 of S/L, and 1000 r/min of stirring rate.国家自然科学基金项目(41606177); 福建省高校产学合作项目(2015N5006); 福建省教育厅中青年教师教育科研项目(JA15406); 泉州市科技局校地协同创新项目(2016N056
分子内电荷转移荧光探针法测定表面活性剂的临界胶束浓度
研究了分子内电荷转移荧光体4-二甲氨基查尔酮(DMAC)在表面活性剂水溶液中的荧光光谱。观察到随表面活性剂浓度增大,DMAC 的荧光光谱先红移然后蓝移,而荧光强度呈“S”型变化并于光谱位移方向转折处突跃。突跃处对应的表面活性剂浓度即为其临界胶束浓度(cmc)。结果表明由该法测定的 cmc 与已报道值符合,说明方法的可行性与准确性。用该法测定表面活性剂/β-环糊精混合体系的 cmc,表明β-环糊精的存在诱导了胶束的形成
Species composition in genus Scylla from the coast of southeast China
【中文摘要】 为调查青蟹属在中国大陆东南沿海的种类组成及明确优势种的种类,采集了13个地区共413只青蟹。通过形态比较,确认有4个种,它们是:锯缘青蟹(Scylla serrata),紫螯青蟹(Scylla tranquebarica),拟穴青蟹(Scylla paramamosain),榄绿青蟹(Scylla olivacea)。这4个种类可以从头胸甲额缘4齿的长度(FMSH/DFMS)、形状,螯足腕节内刺的有无、螯足及步足斑纹来区分。其中拟穴青蟹在中国大陆东南沿海分布最广,数量最多,其他3个种仅在海南和北部湾被发现。在拟穴青蟹中有9.7%的成熟个体和33.3%未成熟个体具有螯足内刺,因此不能仅凭借这个特征来鉴别拟穴青蟹。本文对青蟹属4个种的特征进行了描述并编制分种检索表。
【英文摘要】 There has been argument on dominant species and the species composition in the coast of southeast China in genus Scylla.413 individuals were collected from 13 sites and took 24 measurements with vernier calipers to the nearest 0.1 mm.By morphological comparison,there are 4 species being classified,namely Scylla serrata,Scylla tranquebarica,Scylla paramamosain,Scylla olivacea.The four species can be distinguished from the length and shape of the four frontal spines,with or without inner carpus spine and the ...福建省重中之重项目“福建省海洋生物优良种质和生物活性物质的应用基础研究”; 国家自然科学基金项目(40376044
基于偏好统计数据表征的鲁棒几何模型拟合方法
鲁棒几何模型拟合是计算机视觉的一个基础性研究问题,广泛应用于各类计算机视觉任务,如单应性矩阵或基础矩阵估计、图像匹配、医学图像分析等。它的主要任务是:在包含噪声点和离群点的数据集中估计模型实例的参数和个数。针对该任务,本文提出一种基于新型数据表征(称之为偏好统计数据表征)的模型拟合方法。该新型数据表征算法将残差值进行排序然后映射到不同的区间以构建残差直方图数据表征,来描述数据分布的特征。该算法充分利用传统模型拟合方法中偏好分析和一致性统计分析的优点,更加有效地对数据分布特征进行描述,从而有效地提高数据表征的准确性和鲁棒性。为了进一步有效地利用该数据表征中的统计信息(内点和离群点显示出显著的信息熵值差异),本文利用直方图中不同区间段所映射的残差值的出现频次,以分析直方图的特性。并且采用一种简单的自适应熵阈值算法,来区分内点与离群点以进行离群点检测。最后,为了能够更好地处理分布在交叉模型实例附近的数据点,本文引入一种基于相似矩阵学习的图聚类技术,提出一个有效的模型实例估计算法。该算法先是用聚类技术以实现数据的分割,进而估计模型实例的参数。同时,该模型实例估计算法结合拉普拉斯矩阵特征值的分析..
Valence Subband Structure and Optical Gain of InGaAs/InP Quantum Wire
采用有效质量理论 6带模型 ,计算了 In0 .53Ga0 .4 7As/ In P量子线的光学性质 ,具体计算了In0 .53Ga0 .4 7As/ In P量子线的能带结构、态密度、载流子浓度、光学跃迁矩阵元和光学增益谱 ,并把量子线的光学增益谱和量子阱的光学增益谱作了比较。福建省自然科学基金资助课题 (No.E9910 0 0 5
ICP-MS测定肾癌患者血清微量元素水平及其临床意义分析
采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)对24例健康对照者、30例肾癌患者血清中多种微量元素的含量进行测定,探讨血清微量元素与肾肿瘤的关系。与健康对照组相比,肾癌患者血清中V、CO、nI、Mn、Cd的含量显著增高(P<0.05),而CA、zn的含量明显降低(P<0.05)。CO、nI、Cd可能是肾癌的危险因素,CA、zn可能为肾癌的保护因素。V、Mn与肾癌的相关性仍需进一步研究
去氧胆酸钠水溶液中4-二甲氨基查尔酮荧光的超常增强
去氧胆酸钠水溶液中4-二甲氨基查尔酮荧光的超常增强江云宝,王秀娟,林莉,黄贤智,许金钩(厦门大学化学系,现代分析化学研究所,厦门361005)关键词双自由基激发态,荧光探针,胆酸型甾族表面活性剂,缔合类似于电子给体受体取代的芭类化合物,4-二甲基氨基..
去氧胆酸钠水溶液中4-二甲氨基查尔酮荧光的超常增强
去氧胆酸钠水溶液中4-二甲氨基查尔酮荧光的超常增强江云宝,王秀娟,林莉,黄贤智,许金钩(厦门大学化学系,现代分析化学研究所,厦门361005)关键词双自由基激发态,荧光探针,胆酸型甾族表面活性剂,缔合类似于电子给体受体取代的芭类化合物,4-二甲基氨基..
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