衰老、慢性应激与免疫细胞热休克蛋白70反应抑制

自然衰老和慢性应激都能导致免疫细胞对环境刺激的抵抗力降低.衰老和慢性应激影响免疫细胞功能的分子机制目前还不清楚.热休克蛋白(HSP)是一类在所有原核细胞和真核细胞中均有表达的高度保守的蛋白质.研究表明,HSP反应是细胞维持正常功能,对抗应激性损伤的基本保护性机制之一.在HSP家族中,热休克蛋白70(HSP70)对应激条件最敏感,且被认为是功能最重要的一类热休克蛋白[1].本文综述衰老和慢性应激对免疫细胞HSP70表达的抑制作用及其调节机制

Strategies of genetic engineering breeding for plant viral resistance

本文简要地介绍了近年来植物抗病毒基因工程育种策略及其机制的研究进展。将植物抗病毒基因工程的策略归纳为3个方面进行了综述,即病毒来源基因、非病毒来源基因和多基因策略。对于各种植物抗病毒基因工程策略介导的抗性主要分为蛋白质和RNA介导的抗性。This paper briefly reviews recent progresses in the strategies and mechanism of genetic engineering breeding for plant viral resistance.The strategies of genetic engineering of resistance to plant viruses are summed up to three aspects,virus origin genes,non-virus origin genes and multiple genes strategies.All kinds of the resistance were labeled into protein-mediated resistance and RNA-mediated resistance.国家“863”计划项目(2001AA241191、2002AA241031);; “948”引进国际先进技术项目(2003-Q06

Global Climate Change and Adaptive Management of Forest Ecosystem

人类活动所引起的温室效应及由此造成的全球气候变化对全球生态环境的影响正越来越引起人们的关注。森林作为全球陆地生态系统的一个重要组分,对全球气候变化的响应较为敏感。文中系统总结了全球气候变化对物种和森林类型分布、森林生态系统结构和物种组成、森林生产力、森林土壤碳氮循环和森林灾害等几个方面的影响,以及森林生态系统管理面临的挑战,在此基础上提出了适应未来气候变化的森林生态系统管理策略。Human-induced greenhouse effects and their impacts on global climate change and eco-environments,especially the responses of forests to global climate change,have increasingly aroused the concerns worldwide.The forest,as an important component of global terrestrial ecosystem,is more sensitive to the response of global climate change.This paper systematically summarized the existing impact of global climate change on the distribution of species and forest types,forest ecosystem structure and species composition,forest productivity,forest soil carbon and nitrogen cycle and forest disasters,and concluded the challenges which the forest ecosystem management is facing.Based on the review,the forest ecosystems management strategies adaptable to the future climate change were proposed.国家自然科学基金项目海陆交界带的土地利用变化对典型植被碳吸存影响的宏微观尺度研究(41176092); “十一五”国家科技支撑项目南亚热带防台风防护林体系研究与示范(2009BADB2B0302); 国家林业局南方山地用材林培育重点实验室; 福建省森林培育与林产品加工利用重点实验室资助项

Nutrient Diagnosis of Casuarina equisetifolia Seedlings Using DRIS

以我国东南沿海沙地主要造林树种短枝木麻黄(CASuArInA EQuISETIfOlIA)一年生苗木为研究对象,应用氮(n)、磷(P)、钾(k)三元二次旋转回归法,根据现实生物量的差异,划分为2种不同的产量类型,同时结合室内养分含量分析,以高产量类型为最适值,制定了诊断施肥综合法(dIAgnOSIS And rECOMMEndATIOn InTEgrATE SyS-TEM,简称drIS)及指数法的营养诊断标准,研究氮、磷、钾不同施肥配比条件下苗木体内氮、磷、钾的养分含量及其需求程度,对短枝木麻黄进行苗期综合营养诊断分析。结果表明:施肥配比对短枝木麻黄苗木生物量积累规律有较大影响,苗木生物量最优解为19.84 g/株,对应的最佳施肥方案为氮、磷、钾分别施肥0.329 g/株、2.298 g/株、0.154 g/株。短枝木麻黄苗期小枝3种元素浓度的最佳比值范围为P/n=0.3174±0.1302;k/n=1.1010±0.506;k/P=3.5564±0.5075,以生长末期12月份各处理苗木为例,列出各元素的drIS诊断指数及相对需肥次序,证实了营养诊断的准确性。Using one-year-old Casuarina equisetifolia seedlings,which are the main planting species along the sandy coast of southeast China,and ternary quadratic rotary recursive fertilizer design of N,P and K,two different output types were divided based on real differences in biomass.Further,by the data of N,P and K nutrient elements contents of the seedlings,nutrition diagnosis was analyzed for C.equisetifolia.There was an obvious impact of proportioning fertilization on biomass accumulation of C.equisetifolia.The optimal solution of seedling outputs was 19.84 g per tree,and the respective quantities of fertilization were 0.329 g per tree for N,2.298 g per tree for P,and 0.154 g per tree for K.The rational scales of ratios among the nutrient elements were P/N =0.3174 ±0.1302,K/N =1.1010 ±0.506,K/P =3.5564 ±0.5075.Application of examples treated by ternary quadratic rotary recursive fertilizer design confirmed the diagnosing accuracy and list sequence of nutrients demanded through DRIS(Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrate System).国家自然科学基金项目“海陆交界带的土地利用变化对典型植被碳吸存影响的宏微观尺度研究”(41176092); “十一五”科技支撑计划“南亚热带防台风防护林体系研究与示范”(2009BADB2B0302); 国家林业局南方山地用材林培育重点实验室、福建省森林培育与林产品加工利用重点实验室资助项

The most suitable concentration of G418 for sugarcane culture

本试验在农业部甘蔗生理生态与遗传改良重点开放实验室建立的甘蔗再生体系的基础上,在甘蔗愈伤组织培养的不同阶段,分别加入不同质量浓度的G418选择性试剂,以确定用于甘蔗遗传转化筛选的最适浓度.结果表明,G418对各供试甘蔗愈伤组织的抑制作用相似,愈伤组织生长、分化、生根3个阶段的抗性筛选质量浓度分别为20-35、15-35和25 mg.L-1.The study was based on the regeneration system of sugarcane established by Key Lab of Eco-physiology & Genetic Improvement for Sugarcane,Ministry of Agriculture.In the different stages of sugarcane callus culture,they were added into different concentration of G418,in order to ascertain the most suitable concentration of screening in sugarcane genetic transformation.The results showed that the restraining effects of G418 on each six sugarcane callus were similar.The screening concentration of G418 in the growth,regeneration and rootage stages of sugarcane callus were 20-35,15-35 and 25 mg·L~(-1) respectively.国家“863”高新技术研究发展计划资助项目(2001AA241191,2002AA241031);; 948引进国际先进技术项目(2003-Q06)资

Tannin Content of Different Casuarina Species and Its Distribution Law

探讨了几种木麻黄单宁含量与种类、年龄、部位、生态环境的关系。结果表明:8种木麻黄小枝总多酚含量排序为:细枝木麻黄(CASuArInA CunnIngHAMInA)>山地木麻黄(C.JungHuHnIAnA)>山神木麻黄(C.COllIA)>短枝木麻黄(C.EQuISETIfOlIA)>鸡冠木麻黄(C.CrISTATA)>粗枝木麻黄(C.glAuCA)>肥木木麻黄(C.ObESA)>滨海木麻黄(AllOCASuArI-nA lITTOrAlIS);不同年龄木麻黄小枝总多酚含量随着年龄的增加而增大。短枝木麻黄和细枝木麻黄总多酚、可溶性单宁、蛋白质结合缩合单宁以及纤维素结合缩合单宁含量大体上以细根>树皮>小枝。随着离海岸带距离的增加,木麻黄小枝总多酚含量降低。木麻黄小枝蛋白质结合态缩合单宁含量非常低,而纤维素结合态缩合单宁含量较高,这可能与木麻黄鳞片叶退化为小枝,纤维素含量高有关。Tannin contents of different Casuarina species and tannin distribution rules of species,ages,position and ecological environment were studied.The results showed that the total phenol of branchlet of Casuarina was under the order as follows:Casuarina cunninghamina>C.junghuhniana>C.collia>C.equisetifolia>C.cristata>C.glauca>C.obesa>Allocasuarina littoralis.The total phenol contents of branchlets of different years old of Casuarina increased with ages.The total phenol,solubility tannins,protein binding condensing tannins,fibrin binding condensing tannins contents of short and thin Casuarina branchlets were under the following order wholly:thin root>bark>branchlet.With the increasing of the distance from coastal belt,the total phenol of branchlet declined.The protein binding condensing tannin of Casuarina branchlet was very low,whereas fibrin binding condenseing tannins content was highest.The reason could be the high fibrin content after Casuarina scale leaf degenerated to branchlet国家“十一五”科技支撑计划(2006BAD01A1605);福建省林业厅科研项目“木麻黄单宁生化活性与提取利用技术研究”资

Review and Prospect for Coastal Protection Forest Cultivating of Taiwan

从海岸防护林的主要树种、培育基础、营造技术及研究展望等方面,对台湾海岸防护林的保育与经营状况进行了概括总结,以期为海峡西岸防护林体系建设提供借鉴。From the main coastal protection forest species,nurturing base,creating technology and research prospects,this paper summarized the coastal protection forest conservation and operating conditions of Taiwan in order to provide a reference for the west coast protection forest system construction.国家“十一五”科技支撑计划(2009BADB2B0302);国家自然科学基金项目(41176092);国家林业局南方山地用材林培育重点实验室、福建省森林培育与林产品加工利用重点实验室资助项

Development of Electrochemical Biosensor for Detection of PML/RARα Fusion Gene in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia

针对急性早幼粒细胞白血病(APl)中PMl/rArα融合基因的碱基序列,设计了锁核酸(lnA)修饰的发夹结构捕获探针,结合信号探针构建新型的“三明治“电化学传感模式。信号探针末端修饰的生物素可与酶上的亲和素结合,通过检测酶催化H2O2氧化底物3,3',5,5'-四甲基联苯胺(TMb)产生的电化学信号,实现对靶序列的检测。该传感器可识别和定量检测PbS缓冲液中人工合成的PMl/rArα融合基因序列。结果表明,该传感器能很好地区分互补序列、单碱基及多碱基错配序列,杂交电流值与目标链浓度在1.0x10-11~1.6x10-10 MOl/l范围内呈较好的线性关系,检出限为1.0x10-13 MOl/l。同时,该新型传感器成功地用于无稀释人血清中PMl/rArα融合基因的检测,具有特异性强、灵敏度高和重复性好的优点,有望用于临床实际样品的检测,进而实现临床上急性早幼粒细胞白血病的早期诊断及预后判断。A novel DNA electrochemical probe(locked nucleic acid,LNA) was designed and involved in constructing an electrochemical DNA biosensor for the detection of PML/RARα fusion gene in acute promyelocytic leukemia(APL).This biosensor was based on a "sandwich" detection strategy,which involved a pair of LNA probes,e.g.hairpin capture probe and reporter probe.Streptavidin-HRP was bound to biotin labeled at the end of reporter probe via streptavidin-biotin affinity binding.In the presence of hydrogen peroxide(H2O2),HRP catalyzed the oxidation of the substrate 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidene(TMB) to offer an enzymatically amplified electrochemical current signal for the detection of target DNA.This sensor was applied in the direct quantitative detection of synthetic PML/RARα fusion gene in PBS buffer.The results indicated that the biosensor showed an excellent specificity to distinguish the complementary sequence and different mismatch sequences.A linear relationship between the amperometric signal and the target concentration was obtained in the range of 1.0×10-11-1.6×10-10 mol/L with a detection limit of 1.0×10-13 mol/L.In addition,the biosensor was used for the determination of PML/RARα fusion gene in human serum samples without dilution with high sensitivity,selectivity and good repeatability.This method would be expected to use in real sample for further solving the actural problems of early diagnosis and prognosis monitoring of APL.863计划资助项目(2008AA02Z433);福建省高校产学研科技重点项目(2010Y4003);国家自然科学基金资助项目(20805006;20975021);福建省自然科学基金资助项目(2010J05019

A Feasability Study of Implementing Programming Instruction in Elementary and Junior High Schools (I)

[[abstract]]In this study eighty-one tento twelve-year-old students learned to use Stagecast Creator, HANDS, and Visual Basic to create simple games and animations. Data were gathered and analyzed to understand students' attitudes toward learning the three programming packages, the difficulties they encountered in writing programs and getting programs to work, and how parents felt about their children's programming learning experience. Results of this study reveal that children can learn and they enjoy learning computer programming. Most parents also support teaching of computer programming in elementary schools.