Comparison of fertilizer-effect models on winter wheat response to nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers in saline soils in the Yellow River Delta

通过大田试验, 研究了黄河三角洲盐碱土地区冬小麦合适的肥料效应模型。在冬小麦生长季设置4种不同的氮磷肥用量, 根据&ldquo;3414&rdquo;试验设计8 种不同的肥效试验处理, 以探讨线性加平台、一元二次、平方根和二元二次4 种不同模型的拟合效果。结果显示, 4 种肥料效应模型的拟合结果经检验都达到极显著水平 (P&lt;0.01)。在一元肥料效应模型中, 氮磷一元二次模型拟合效果最好, 最高收益分别为7 448.3 元&middot;hm-2 和7 357.7 元&middot;hm-2, 最佳经济氮磷用量分别为254.4 kg&middot;hm-2 和98.6 kg&middot;hm-2。对比一元与二元模型, 后者拟合效果较好, 最佳经济氮磷用量分别为244.1 kg&middot;hm-2 和94.2 kg&middot;hm-2, 即氮磷肥配比为2.6∶1, 经济效益为7 432.4 元&middot;hm-2, 氮肥农学利用率为6.2 kg(籽粒)&middot;kg-1(N), 磷肥农学利用率为13.8 kg(籽粒)&middot;kg-1(P2O5)。结合拟合度、最佳经济施肥量、经济收益、肥料农学利用率和一元模型的局限性分析得出, 二元二次肥料效应模型最优, 可作为黄河三角洲地区盐碱土冬小麦氮磷肥效模型的最佳选择。</p

边际医疗费用在探讨疾病合理住院日中的应用

目的探讨疾病的合理住院日,为有效缓解“看病贵,看病难“问题提供循证依据。方法利用厦门市民健康信息系统收集厦门市5家公立医院2008~2009年7个常见病种的病例资料,根据边际医疗费用计算各病种的合理住院日,同时获得住院日范围(P25,P75),在此基础上计算各病种的住院费用,并将其与实际费用进行比较。结果各病种合理住院日分别为:病毒性肝炎21.9(13.0,31.1)天;阑尾炎7.2(5.0,7.9)天;胃和十二指肠溃疡7.1(6.0,11.1)天;支气管肺炎6.6(5.3,7.3)天;子宫平滑肌瘤12.9(9.0,13.0)天;剖宫产7.6(7.0,8.0)天;自然分娩4.8(4.0,6.0)天。按照上述合理住院时间,各病种医疗费用降低共计635.9万元,其中以胃和十二指肠溃疡较为显著,为238.6万元,其人均医疗费用降低5667.0元。结论应用边际医疗费用探讨病种的合理住院日是一种科学可行的方法,制定病种合理的住院日可有效降低患者医疗费用

Effects of the Xitongxiao prescription on apoptosis and proliferation of chondrocytes in knee

目的：探讨膝痛消方对促进软骨细胞增殖和抑制IL-1β诱导的软骨细胞凋亡的作用。方法：体外培养膝关节软骨细胞，用阿利新蓝染色方法检测软骨细胞蛋白多糖，用Ⅱ型胶原免疫荧光染色检测软骨细胞Ⅱ型胶原的表达，以鉴定软骨细胞；用MTS检测软骨细胞的增殖；用IL-1β诱导软骨细胞凋亡，AnnexinV/PI双染检测细胞凋亡。结果：膝关节剥离得到的细胞形态为多角形或梭形，阿利新蓝与Ⅱ型胶原免疫荧光染色均呈阳性，证明分离培养的细胞为软骨细胞。MTS实验结果发现膝痛消方提取物处理软骨细胞后检测到的OD值随浓度增加而增加且显著高于对照组。此外，IL-1β处理诱导软骨细胞凋亡，而膝痛消方提取物能够有效地抑制IL-1β引起的细胞凋亡。结论：膝痛消方能促进软骨细胞的增殖，抑制IL-1β诱导的软骨细胞的凋亡。以上发现为膝痛消方临床上治疗膝关节骨性关节炎提供药理作用依据。Objective:To investigate the effects of the Xitongxiao prescription on the cell proliferation and the inhibition of IL-1β-induced apoptosis of chondrocytes.Methods:To identify chondrocytes,the articular chondrocytes were cultured in vitro;staining with alcian blue was used to detect the protein polysaccharide,and staining with collagen immunofluorescence was used to examine the expression of type II collagen in chondrocytes.The proliferation of chondrocytes was determined by MTS.Apoptosis of chondrocytes was induced by IL-1β,and the effect of apoptosis was tested by Annexin V/PI double staining.Results:The morphology of the cells obtained from the knee joint was polygonal or fusiform.The tested results of Alcian blue and collagen immunofluorescence staining were positive.These together certified that the isolated cells were knee chondrocytes.MTS assay results showed that the detected OD values were dosedependently increased and they were significantly higher than those of the control group.In addition,the apoptosis of chondrocytes was induced by IL-1βtreatment.While the extract of the Xitongxiao prescription could effectively inhibit the IL-1β-induced apoptosis of chondrocytes.Conclusion:The Xitongxiao prescription could promote the proliferation of chondrocytes and inhibit the apoptosis of chondrocytes induced by IL-1β.The above findings may provide one of pharmacological mechanisms of the Xitongxiao for clinical treatment of knee osteoarthritis.厦门市科技计划项目(3502z20144031);福建省自然科学基金计划资助项目(2015J01065)

Separation and purification of catalpol from Radix Rehmanniae

An ultrasonic extraction technology of preparing catalpol from Radix Rehmanniae was optimized by a uniform experimental design.The optimum conditions for ultrasonic extraction were thus established: 68% (vol) ethanol aqueous solution as extraction solvent,the volume(ml) to mass(g) ratio of extraction solvent to feed of 5∶1,the ultrasonic treatment time of 36 min.The crude catalpol obtained from the optimized ultrasonic extraction technology was further purified by selective adsorption with macroporous resin.The adsorption capacities and desorption yields of ten kinds of macroporous resins for catalpol were investigated.The results showed that H103 resin possessed the best performance.The properties of dynamic adsorption and desorption of H103 resin for catalpol were subsequently investigated on adsorption column.The optimum conditions for adsorption and desorption were determined.The concentration of catalpol in the loaded sample solution was 6.15 mg·ml-1,the flow rate was 1.0 ml·min-1,the volumetric percentage of ethanol in the eluting solvent was 75%,the elution flow rate was 0.5 ml·min-1 and the elution volume was 3.33 BV(bed volume).Under the above conditions,the purity of catalpol product eluted from the column packed with H103 resin reached 62.39% while that of the crude catalpol was only 10.01%

Evaluation of chemiluminescence immunoassays kits for detection of influenza A virus

目的考核甲型流感化学发光检测试剂的灵敏度和特异性。方法分别利用病毒分离培养液和入境人群的鼻咽拭子标本考查甲型流感试剂盒的检测灵敏度和特异性。结果化学发光法对H1、H3、H5、H7、H9等亚型的甲型流感病毒株均有很好的检出率,灵敏度明显优于flu A-dOT和dIrECTIgEn Ez flu A;对102份入境人群鼻咽拭子标本的检测灵敏度为97.62%。结论甲型流感化学发光检测试剂具有很好的灵敏度和特异性,适用于口岸现场的甲型流感快速筛查。Objective To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of chemiluminescence immunoassays kit for detection of influenza A virus.Methods To analyze the sensitivity and specificity of three different assay kits for detection of influenza A virus by using the viral culture liquid and nasopharyngeal swabs from entry-exit travelers.Results The chemiluminescence immunoassays kit had a good detection rate when it was tested against a panel of influenza A virus strains(H1/H3/H5/H7/H9),and its sensitivity was much better than Flu A-DOT kit`s and Directigen EZ Flu A kit' chemiluminescence immunoassays kit used for the detection of 102 nasopharyngeal swabs from entryexit travelers had a detection sensitivity of 97.62%.Conclusion Chemiluminescence immunoassays kit had good sensitivity and specificity, which was fit for the rapid detection of influenza A virus at frontier ports.国家质检总局科技计划项目(2014IK045); 厦门市科技惠民项目(3502Z20144083

毕赤酵母分泌表达嵌合HEV表位的HBcAg颗粒

在毕赤酵母分泌表达嵌合有HEV受体相关表位12A10的HBcAg蛋白,经甲醇诱导后的培养液上清通过切向流浓缩、更换缓冲液后,进行疏水层析纯化.CsCl等密度梯度离心测得分泌的重组颗粒的密度为1.32 g/mL.透射电镜观察显示,纯化的重组颗粒为均一的直径30 nm左右的空心颗粒.小鼠免疫实验表明,纯化颗粒免疫8周后鼠血清中的特异性12A10抗体滴度可达到1.6×105,并且重组颗粒较好地呈递了HEV受体相关的非免疫优势表位.本文的结果为毕赤酵母胞外分泌表达其它大尺度的重组蛋白颗粒提供了参考,为研究携带表位多肽的疫苗载体提供了范例