Improved photovoltaic performance of InGaN single junction solar cells by using n-on-p type device structure

The performance of In(0.65)Ga(0.35)N single junction solar cell including an InGaN window layer with p-on-n and n-on-p two types of configurations has been theoretically investigated. By taking polarization effects into consideration, it is found that with the same dislocation density the n-on-p type cell has a very high conversion efficiency, while the energy conversion efficiency of the conventional p-on-n type cell is very low. The superior performance of the n-on-p type cell is due to a better carrier collection efficiency resulting from an improved band alignment at the interface between the In(0.65)Ga(0.35)N emitter layer and the InGaN window layer, as compared to the n-on-p structure. The effects of dislocation density on the n-on-p type In(0.65)Ga(0.35)N solar cell efficiency have been evaluated and are compared with the case of the GaAs solar cell, showing that the InGaN solar cell has a greater tolerance level to the dislocation density than GaAs solar cell, which is very similar to the case for the light-emitting diodes

Synergistic Efficacy in Human Ovarian Cancer Cells by Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor TSA and Proteasome Inhibitor PS-341

Histone deacetylase inhibitors and proteasome inhibitor are all emerging as new classes of anticancer agents. We chose TSA and PS-341 to identify whether they have a synergistic efficacy on human ovarian cancer cells. After incubated with 500 nM TSA or/and 40 nM PS-341, we found that combined groups resulted in a striking increase of apoptosis and G2/M blocking rates, no matter in A2780, cisplatin-sensitive ovarian cancer cell line OV2008 or its resistant variant C13**. This demonstrated that TSA interacted synergistically with PS-341, which raised the possibility that combined the two drugs may represent a novel strategy in ovarian cancer.</

Ubiquitin B: an essential mediator of trichostatin A-induced tumor-selective killing in human cancer cells

Although histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) are emerging as a new class of anticancer agents, the mechanism of tumor-selective killing by HDACi is not well understood. We used suppression of mortality by antisense rescue technique (SMART) to screen the key genes responsible for the tumor-selective killing by trichostatin A (TSA). Twenty-four genes were identified, the most significant of which was ubiquitin B (UbB). The expression of UbB was selectively upregulated by TSA in tumor cells, but not non-malignant cells. Further observation indicated that TSA induced a substantial dissipation of mitochondrial transmembrane potential, release of cytochrome c into the cytosol, and proteolytic cleavage of caspases-3/9 in HeLa cells, which was apparently mediated by ubiquitylation and the subsequent degradation of mitochondrial membrane proteins including BCL-2 and MCL-1. In contrast, knockdown of UbB expression inhibited the TSA-induced apoptotic cascade by abolishing TSA-induced ubiquitylation and the subsequent degradation of mitochondrial membrane proteins. Furthermore, apicidine, another HDACi, exhibited activity similar to that of TSA. Interestingly, TSA induced UbB-dependent proteasomal degradation of BCR-ABL fusion protein in K562 leukemic cells. Thus, our findings highlight the essential role of UbB and UbB-dependent proteasomal protein degradation in HDACi-induced tumor selectivity. The mechanism provides a novel starting point for dissecting the molecular mechanism underlying the tumor selectivity of HDACi. Cell Death and Differentiation (2010) 17, 109-118; doi:10.1038/cdd.2009.142; published online 2 October 200

基于CHAID算法的病毒性肝炎患者DRGs分组研究

目的了解影响患者住院医疗费用的因素,建立drgS病例分组并对各组医疗费用进行分析评价。方法以厦门地区病毒性肝炎患者为研究对象,首先利用单因素和多因素方法分析患者住院医疗费用的影响因素,然后以患者住院医疗费用作为目标变量,通过CHAId模型进行drgS病例分组,最后采用rIV、CV等评价指标分析和评价分组结果。结果对可能影响住院医疗费用的变量进行单因素分析显示,年龄、付费方式、入院情况和是否手术4个因素具有统计学意义,通过多因素分析显示年龄、费用支付方式、入院情况是厦门地区肝炎患者住院费用的主要影响因素;进一步使用决策树CHAId模型分组得到3组该疾病的drgS病例组合,第一组为自费方式的患者,第二组为具有医疗保险且入院情况为一般的患者,第三组为具有医疗保险且入院情况为紧急的患者。经非参数kruSkAl-WAllIS H检验、rIV值、变异系数评价,该病例组合方案具有较好的可靠性和合理性。各病例分组的标准费用分别为1984.73元、1359.23元与1874.68元。分析每个分组的费用门坎值,发现线外病人比例为6.47%~7.65%,却消耗了23.07%-30.09%的医疗费用。结论通过drgS分组计算患者住院费用标准值可提供医疗保险机构的偿付参考值,自费病人的标准费用最高,其次是具有医疗保险且入院情况为紧急的患者,线外病人及其医疗消费应作为住院医疗费用总量控制重点。国家自然科学基金青年项目(71403229); 教育部人文社会科学研究项目资助(12YJA790030); 福建省自然科学基金资助项目(2013J05108

A Comparative Study among Regions of the Influence of Social Network to Interpersonal Trust in Xiamen, Fengcheng and Lianhua

迄今，国内外学者从不同角度对人际信任进行了大量的研究，其中不乏对人际信任与社会交往（社会关系网络）关系的研究。但是，已有的研究只是在理论层面指出了人际信任与社会交往（社会关系网络）的相关性。社会关系网络作为自变量是如何影响人际信任的，这方面的实证研究还没有展开。 本文以厦门、凤城、莲花居民为研究对象，立足社会学视角，通过问卷调查，采用定量分析法，对上述地区居民的人际信任和社会关系网络的现状以及社会关系网络对人际信任的影响情况进行探索研究，并在此基础上对调查结果进行相关分析与解释。 本研究得出如下结论：一，在中国，城市化水平不同的地区，居民社会关系网络的量存在着显著差异；中国农村居民的社会交...So far, domestic and foreign scholars have done a lot of research on interpersonal trust from different perspectives, many of them on the relationship of interpersonal trust and social interaction (social network). However, the existing research have only pointed out the relevance of interpersonal trust and social interaction (social network) at the theoretical level. Social network as an independ...学位：法学硕士院系专业：公共事务学院社会学系_社会学学号：1402008115095

Analysis on Prevalence,Disease Spectrum and Its Influencing Factors of Chronic Disease in the Elderly Residents in Xiamen

目的了解厦门市老年人慢性病患病率、疾病谱及其影响因素。方法采用多阶段抽样方法调查厦门市60岁及以上老年人,用chi~2检验、趋势chi~2检验、; 非条件logistic回归进行数据分析。结果共调查14292人,慢性病患病率为63. 3%,且随年龄增加而上升,女性高于男性,城市高于农村(P; < 0. 001),同时患2种及以上慢性病的占31. 9%;患病率前五位的慢性病为骨关节病(30. 5%) 、高血压(30. 1%); 、糖尿病(9. 7%) 、心脏病(7. 9%) 、胃肠胆囊疾病(7.; 6%),性别、年龄、城乡、婚姻状况、孤独感、自评健康是厦门市老年人慢性病发病的影响因素(P < 0. 05); 。结论应重点关注骨关节病、高血压、糖尿病、心脏病和胃肠胆囊疾病对厦门市老年人健康的影响,尤其是骨关节病,并对多发慢性病进行有针对性的综合防控和管; 理。Objective To examine the prevalence,disease spectrum of non-communicable; chronic diseases and its risk factors among the elderly residents in; Xiamen. Methods The elderly residents aged 60 or over in Xiamen were; selected by stratified randomly sampling to analyze the spectrum of; chronic disease. The data were analyzed by chi~2 test, trend chi~2 test; and unconditional logistic regression. Results A total of 14292 elderly; were investigated. The prevalence of chronic diseases was 63. 3%. With; the age increasing, the prevalence was also increased, the female; residents had a higher prevalence compared with male, and the city was; higher than the rural area(P < 0. 001). While suffering from two or more; chronic diseases accounted for 31. 9%. The top 5 of the most prevalent; chronic diseases were osteoarthritis (30. 5%),hypertension (30.; 1%),diabetes mellitus (9. 7%),heart disease (7. 9%),and gastrointestinal; disease (7. 6%). Sex,age, residence,marital status, loneliness,; self-rated health are the influencing factors of the elderly in Xiamen.; Conclusion More attention should be paid to the impact of; osteoarthritis,hypertension,diabetes,heart disease and gastrointestinal; gallbladder disease on the health of the elderly, especially; osteoarthritis,and targeted to multiple chronic diseases comprehensive; prevention and control and management.国家自然科学基金项

Application of competing risk model in the prognostic prediction study of female breast cancer

目的探索竞争风险模型在乳腺癌患者预后预测中的应用,并与传统生存分析结果进行比较。方法运用K-M方法估算总体风险率;采用原因别风险模型进行多因素分析,评价复发和转移的影响因素。结果 K-M方法的风险率高于竞争风险情况下的风险率。肿瘤大小和个人乳腺疾病史是复发的独立预后因素。结论竞争风险模型在乳腺癌患者的预后预测中更合理、更客观。Objective To explore the application of competing risk model in the prognostic prediction study of female breast cancer, and compare it with traditional survival analysis method. Methods K-M method, in the present of competing risk factors, was used to estimate overall risk ratio; cause-specific risk model was used for multiple factor analysis and to evaluate the influence factors of recurrence and metastasis. SPSS16.0, excel 2007 and R2.10.1 were used in the study. Results The risk ratio estimated with K-M method was higher than that with competing risk model. Conclusion The results showed that competing risk model was more rational than the traditional survival analysis method.国家自然科学基金(No.30671822、No.81573257

老年人跌倒的公共卫生研究进展

据世界卫生组织（WHO）报告,跌倒是全球老年人面临的主要健康问题,且它在老年人意外伤害中的发生率和死亡率均居首位,跌倒不仅造成老年人身体上的创伤和残疾,而且还将导致如抑郁、焦虑、活动限制、跌到恐惧等心理问题[1]。据统计,2008年美国老年人由于跌倒所导致的医疗费用是233亿美元,英国为16亿美元[2]。中国老年人每年发生跌倒的直接医疗费用在50亿人民币以上,疾病负担为（160～800）亿元国家自然科学基金项目(71403229

The Influencing Factors of Inpatient Care Utilization among the Elderly in China Based on SEM

目的从社会生态视角探讨老年人住院服务利用的影响因素,预测老年人条件期望费用和非条件期望费用,为合理有效分配卫生资源提供依据。方法以CLHLS调查; 中的2011年60岁及以上老年人为研究对象,以住院概率和住院费用反映其住院服务利用情况,采用两部模型法分别构建住院概率和住院费用影响因素的社会生; 态模型,探讨影响住院服务利用的微观、中观和宏观因素,并测算老年人条件期望费用和非条件期望费用。结果共纳入8483例老年人,住院率为24.6%,平; 均住院费用为8082.8元。老年人住院服务利用主要受微观、中观和宏观因素的影响,微观系统中患慢性病、自评健康差、睡眠质量不好的老年人住院服务利用; 较高;中观系统中在婚老年人住院服务利用较高;宏观系统中居住城市和拥有一种以上社会保障的老年人住院服务利用较高。老年人的条件期望费用为8397.3; 2元,其中以男性、城市、80 ~89岁老年人较高;非条件期望费用为2478.92元,其中以男性、城市、70; ~79岁老年人较高。结论老年人住院服务利用行为受社会生态多层因素的影响,个人特征中的慢性病和自评健康,个人行为中的睡眠质量,家庭环境中的婚姻状况; ,社会环境中的居住地和社会保障水平是老年人住院服务利用的重要影响因素;不同特征老年人条件和非条件期望费用不同,应合理有效分配卫生资源,促进老年人; 卫生服务利用的公平性。Objective To examine the utilization and cost of inpatient care and; their influencing factors among the elderly in China from the view of; social-ecology and to estimate the conditional and the unconditional; cost,so as to provide reference for allocating health resource; efficiently among the elderly. Methods We build a social-ecological; model(SEM) of the inpatient services utilization to estimate; personal,familial and community circumstance factors of inpatient; service utilizing a twopart model. Using joint modeling of likelihood; and cost of inpatient care to estimate the parameter and predict the; conditional and unconditional cost of inpatient. Data were extracted; from Chinese longitudinal healthy longevity survey (CLHLS) in 2011 on; 8483 men more than 60 years old. Results The average cost of the; elderly,24. 6% of whom actually utilize the services,is￥8082. 8. There; are many reasons account for the utilization of inpatient care. In micro; system,it was found that the elderly with chronic condition,having bad; self-reported health and worse sleep quality have higher proportion of; utilization and more cost of inpatient services. In mezzo system,the; married men are more likely use inpatient services and spend more money; curing disease than other groups. In macro system,the man who reside in; the city or own more than one kind of social security have higher; proportion and cost of inpatient care utilization. The predicted; conditional and unconditional cost of inpatient service is ￥8397.; 32,￥2478. 92,respectively. The male are higher than the female,theurban; are higher than others. The elderly from 80 to 89 years old have the; most expense in conditional predicted cost and 70 ~ 79 years old have; most expense in unconditional predicted cost. Conclusion; Social-ecological factors influence the behaviors of inpatient care; utilization. Having chronic disease,self-reported health,sleep; quality,marital status,residence and social security levels from; different aspects are the primary factors which influence proportion and; expenditure of inpatient service utilization. The elderly with different; characteristics have different conditional costs and unconditional; costs,we should allocate health resources efficiently to promote the; equity in health care utilization.国家自然科学基金; 福建省自然科学基金面上项

空间流行病学中的疾病制图常用方法

随着空间分析方法的日益丰富以及局部地理数据可获得性的增加,空间流行病学在对传统流行病学进行拓展的基础上成为系统的流行病学分支[1]。疾病制图(dISEASE MAPPIng)是空间流行病学研究的基本任务,其主要目的在于将疾病危险的空间变异或时空变异在地图上呈现出来[2],使人们获得直观、感性的认识,为进一步病因学研究或其他研究提供线索。传统的疾病地图如标点地图、等值区域图(CHOrO