三信道全光纤梳状滤波器输出光谱分析

对于同样信道数的波分复用,采用三信道器件比用两信道器件更为简单。文章对一种能够实现三信道平坦输出的全光纤梳状滤波器的新结构进行了分析,推导了新结构的能量传输表达式,详细讨论了耦合器分光比的改变对滤波特性的影响。结果表明,当组成新结构的光纤干涉臂间的长度差和耦合器分光比取某些定值时,可形成一个复用间隔相等、通带平坦的三信道全光纤梳状滤波器,且波分复用的信道间隔仅仅取决于干涉臂长差的大小

古尔班通古特沙漠土壤养分空间分异与干扰的关系

对干扰条件下古尔班通古特沙漠土壤养分空间分异特征进行了研究。分析土壤养分的变化趋势,及干扰与植被和土壤养分之间的关系。研究表明:沙漠边缘至沙漠腹地,全N、全P和全K含量、EC、总盐,可溶性离子HCO3-、SO42-及Ca2+呈增加趋势。CO32-、Mg2+、Cl-、Na+4种离子含量较低,变化规律不明显。除全K含量随公路里程呈较连续的增加外,其他养分条件在公路里程25—75km,80—125km和大于125km的范围内的变化趋势都呈现高→低→显著增高的波动过程,分析表明这种波动性的变化是由干扰造成的。干扰因子数与生物结皮盖度呈显著负相关,但与植物种类与植物盖度都达到了显著正相关的水平。除与pH值呈正相关外,干扰因子数与土壤养分指标都呈负相关,其中与全K、全P、全N和EC的负相关接近于显著或极显著水平。随公路里程增加,生物结皮呈现从地衣苔藓藻类地衣地衣苔藓的过渡,这与土壤养分条件和干扰因子数相对应。人类活动是导致彩克沙漠公路里程80—125km范围沙漠土壤养分条件的降低的主要原因,受水源和居住地的影响,该段沙漠人类放牧活动影响的最大范围为里程125—145km之间。人类在沙漠活动的加强会增加沙漠生态干扰源和干扰强度,最终降低沙漠土壤的养分条件

古尔班通古特沙漠生物结皮中土壤微生物垂直分布特征

对新疆古尔班通古特沙漠主要沙丘类型———沙垄的不同部位、不同类型生物结皮中土壤微生物数量变化特征进行研究,结果表明:(1)微生物总数从垄顶至垄间低地呈递增趋势,在沙垄不同部位0~20cm土层中的垂直分布有差异.(2)土壤微生物各类群数量垂直变化规律为:细菌数量在垄顶0~10cm土层中递减,到10~20cm有所回升;在迎风坡和背风坡的0~10cm土层中递增,到10~20cm有所下降;在垄间低地0~20cm土层中呈递增趋势.放线菌数量在各部位均随土层加深而递减.真菌数量在垄顶和迎风坡0~20cm土层中的垂直变化与细菌在垄顶的垂直变化一致,在垄间低地和背风坡,真菌数量均在2~5cm土层中出现峰值,然后随土层加深递减.(3)微生物类群的组成表现为:细菌数量>放线菌数量>真菌数量.在垄间低地细菌所占微生物总数比例相对垄顶有所增加,而放线菌和真菌相应减少.(4)土壤微生物的数量变化特征与生物结皮的类型、分布以及土壤有机质含量等因子有一定相关性.图5表1参3

科技活动与大学生创新能力和动手能力培养

创新型人才是实现科技创新的关键,培养创新型人才是全面推进素质教育的重要内容和根本目标。本文从我国大学生的创新能力和动手能力现状出发,结合我们取得的成绩和实践结果,论述科技活动对培养大学生创新能力和动手能力的作用和意义,并就如何提高大学生科技活动提出几点建议。广西教育科学“十一五”规划课题(2006B27)资

荒漠地表生物结皮形成机制及其生态功能研究

该项目研究了生物结皮的种类组成、宏观分布及其环境特征,沙漠生物结皮形成机制、对地表稳定性的作用、对种子植物多样性的影响、对降水渗入的影响,生物结皮的光合与生理特征、微结构发育特征,结皮的有关物种进行培养、进行室外内及野外试验。构建了适用于冷沙漠的生物结皮指数BSCI,及沙漠生物结皮空间分布特征;提出了适度干扰有利于荒漠种子植物多样性观点;对沙漠生物结皮年固氮量进行了估算;揭示了生物结皮微结构及其演替规律;提出了低营养细菌、荒漠藻类及荒漠藓类植物的适宜培养条件

JUNO Sensitivity on Proton Decay p→νˉK+p\to \bar\nu K^+ Searches

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this paper, the potential on searching for proton decay in $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ mode with JUNO is investigated.The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits to suppress the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ is 36.9% with a background level of 0.2 events after 10 years of data taking. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years exposure is $9.6 \times 10^{33}$ years, competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel

Prediction of Energy Resolution in the JUNO Experiment

International audienceThis paper presents the energy resolution study in the JUNO experiment, incorporating the latest knowledge acquired during the detector construction phase. The determination of neutrino mass ordering in JUNO requires an exceptional energy resolution better than 3% at 1 MeV. To achieve this ambitious goal, significant efforts have been undertaken in the design and production of the key components of the JUNO detector. Various factors affecting the detection of inverse beta decay signals have an impact on the energy resolution, extending beyond the statistical fluctuations of the detected number of photons, such as the properties of liquid scintillator, performance of photomultiplier tubes, and the energy reconstruction algorithm. To account for these effects, a full JUNO simulation and reconstruction approach is employed. This enables the modeling of all relevant effects and the evaluation of associated inputs to accurately estimate the energy resolution. The study reveals an energy resolution of 2.95% at 1 MeV. Furthermore, the study assesses the contribution of major effects to the overall energy resolution budget. This analysis serves as a reference for interpreting future measurements of energy resolution during JUNO data taking. Moreover, it provides a guideline in comprehending the energy resolution characteristics of liquid scintillator-based detectors

JUNO sensitivity on proton decay p → ν K + searches*

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this study, the potential of searching for proton decay in the $p\to \bar{\nu} K^+$ mode with JUNO is investigated. The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits suppression of the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via $p\to \bar{\nu} K^+$ is 36.9% ± 4.9% with a background level of $0.2\pm 0.05({\rm syst})\pm$$0.2({\rm stat})$ events after 10 years of data collection. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years of exposure is $9.6 \times 10^{33}$ years, which is competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel and complements the use of different detection technologies